Biography
URobert Redford i-Actor yaseMelika, umvelisi kunye nomlawuli, umnini wezibini zamabhaso e-Oscar amabini, kubandakanya netyala lomlawuli - ifilimu "yabantu abaqhelekileyo." Umsunguli weZiko laseMelika le-binema elizimeleyo kunye nomthendeleko wefilimu we-sundwar.
URobert Redford wazalelwa kwi-California City yaseSanta Monica ngo-Agasti ka-1936 kwintsapho elula. Umama wayengumfazi wasekhaya, wasweleka nge-1955, utata wakhe kuqala wayesebenza ngobisi lwezitheko, kodwa kamva wakwazi ukufumana umsebenzi njengenkampani ye-oyile.
URobert waqengqa kwaye emthanda umntwana, ngaphandle kwento yokuba inkwenkwe ibinengxaki yokuziphatha. I-Redford ifundwayo, yazibandakanya kwi-baseball kunye ne-tennis kwaye wayecinga malunga nokuntywila kwe-cascaderal. Xa wayeneminyaka eli-15 ubudala, lo mfana wazama ukunika i-pileio "bazalwana" njengomculi wamaqhinga, kodwa umntu okwishumi elivisayo wanqabisa ingqesho. Emva koko uRobert wagqiba ekubeni akhule ngokuzimeleyo ngokumalunga noku: umfana wakhwela kwiindonga zezakhiwo, ezenza ukuxhuma ukusuka kwiindawo eziphakamileyo, zaneliswa ngumdyarho ophakamileyo.
Emva kokuphumelela esikolweni, uRobert Redford waya kungena kwiYunivesithi yaseColorado. Kodwa ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kotywala kunciphisa ukuhlala komfundi kweli ziko. Emva koko uRobert wafudukela eNew York kwaye wangena kwiyunivesithi yasekhaya, enyula i-faculty yobugcisa kunye nendawo. Emva kokuba efumene idiploma, iRedford ithathe isigqibo sokubona umhlaba kwaye saya eYurophu. Emva kokubuyela eNew York, waba ngumfundi weZiko lePrattta ngokukhetha ubugcisa "bokuthintela ubugcisa bethiyetha."
Kungekudala ilizwe lemidlalo yeqonga lalinguRobert apho wayezimisele ukufunda izakhono ezisebenzayo kwi-Acamatic yobugcisa obumangalisayo.
Iifilimu
Ukwenza i-california ye-California kwinqanaba le-palatical kwenzeka ngo-1959. Umthamo omncinci wamema enye yeendawo ezinxunguphalo. Kwangelo xesha, i-cinematic biegraphy yeRobert Redford yaqala. Ekuqaleni, lo mfana wamenyelwa kwisihlwele kwaye wanika iziqendu ngothotho. Kodwa ekuqaleni kweminyaka yoo-1960, umlingisi ungcamla kwindima yesicwangciso sesibini kwi-serials "meversic", "umda we-tendaright" kwaye "uAlfred Hichkok umele."
Indima enzulu kwifilimu ubude epheleleyo yeza eRedford ngo-1962. Iphethwe nguSidney Pollak imeme umlingisi omncinci kwifilimu "yokuzingela emkhosini". Ukwazi ngepollac kwixesha elizayo kwajika yaba yintsebenziswano yeziqhamo nelide. Kodwa ukuqatshelwa komculi weza kwiminyaka emi-4, kunye nedrama "Pogona" Arthur Denn.
Isiphelo sexesha elizayo sikaRobert Redford njengomdlali wefilimu ochaze i-Sult Western "Bich Cassidy kunye neSancens Kid". I-Redford ivele kumfanekiso we "Noble Bit" yeSantlans. Kwaye umgangatho weNewman, odlalayo kunye naye eTandem, ngokulandelelana, wanomfanekiso weCassidy. Intshona yayingakhange iguqulwe ibe ngumntu othandekayo ngezigidi zefilimu, ifilimu yachukunyiswa yi-cinema yaseMelika. Kulula ukuyichaza kwangaphambili ukuba iRedford emva kokukhutshwa kwefilimu ifakwe yinkanyezi yaseHollywood. Umculi wafumana ibhaso lokuqala elibalulekileyo - IBhaso le-Bhritani le-Bhrish Icanele.
Kwaye emva kweminyaka emi-3, ngo-1972, uRobert Redford wakwazi ukuvula inkampani yakhe yefilimu "iinkuni zasendle". Imeko yemali eqingqiweyo ivumele i-Actor ukuba ixhase ukudubula kweepeyinti ezimbini zezopolitiko "kunye" no "yonke iRangaint", eyayineziinqanaba ezifanelekileyo.
Kule minyaka, umlingisi ususiwe kakhulu. IRedford ivele kwiiprojekthi zokulinganisa "scam", "iintsuku ezintathu zenkuthazo", apho waphinda wadibana nefilimu ye-1967 "enganxibanga yipaki" ). Kwindima yendima kaJohnny Johnny, uKelly Hooker emfanekisweni "Scam" Redford watyunjwa okokuqala kwi-Oscar.
I-1980s yaba yinto eguqukayo kwindawo yokuyila iRobert Redford. Kulo nyaka, umdlali waseka i-Sandansy Instian Institute kwiPark City City. Namhlanje, eli liziko elihlonelwayo lemfundo, kwisiseko sayo minyaka le owona mthendeleko ogunyazisiweyo we-cinema ozimeleyo ubanjiwe. I-Redford ineqhayiya lokuba umthendeleko wefilimu unike itikiti lobomi beefilimu ze-quenten tarantino kunye noPaul Thomasson Anderson.
Kwakuloo nyaka, iRedford ibithwe njengomlawuli, isusa iprojekthi yokuqala - idrama "abantu abaqhelekileyo." Iteyiphu iye kwizikrini ngo-1981 kwaye yazisa uRobert i-Squitph yenyani-iBhaso le-Oscar yesikhombisi. Ipremiyamu ixabiseke ngakumbi kwinto yokuba umsebenzi wakhe wetyala wazisa i-Staterituette oyifunayo.
Ukusuka kwezi zilapho zilandelayo zikaRobert Redford, iiprojekthi "apho umlambo uqukuqela khona", apho indima iphambili eya eBrad Pit, kunye "ne-conter" ye-caster "yaphumelela. Kwifilimu yokugqibela, umlawuli uthathe indima enkulu. Zombini iitephu zawa kutyunjwa kweGolden Globe.
Kwinkulungwane entsha, i-Redford Lillmografi iqhubekile iphinde yenziwa ngeeprojekthi ezibalulekileyo, iireyithi zazo zahlala ziphezulu. Lo ngumzi "wenqaba yokugqibela", kwindima ephambili apho uRobert wafumana umvuzo we- $ 11 yezigidi, imidlalo yolwaphulo-mthetho "idrama ye-spiy".
Ngo-2012, umzobi wavela kwimidlalo emdaka "emdaka", kwaye kwiminyaka emibini kamva-kumdlalo wokuqala we-themast: "Imfazwe yemfazwe" yemfazwe, "i-chris i-chlens kunye ne-Straclett Johansson ne-Samuwere L. Jackson.
Ubomi Buqu
Umfazi wokuqala waseRedford waba nguLola Wang Wagenen, iYunivesithi yaseyunivesithi. Ulutsha lwatshata ngoSeptemba 1958 kwaye lwahlala kunye iminyaka engama-27. Ixesha lokuqala lomlingane elivumile uMormonism, lazama ukufundisa kwakhona iRedford, intshabalalo ekupeyisweni nasekuziseleni iziselo ezinxilisayo. Kodwa emva kokufudukela eNew York, uRobert waqhubeka nemfundo yobugcisa, kwaye waqalisa ukuya kwisakhelo sezitshixo zendlela, ukubonakala kwi-tmart yolonwabo kwiTV.
4 Bavela abantwana kuloo mtshato, kodwa amazibulo abhubhile kwiinyanga ezi-2 ubudala. Imisele yenye i-Redford iphuhlise ngokukhuselekileyo. Intombi ekhulileyo yaseSean Jean, eyazalwa ngo-1960, yafumana lo msebenzi wobugcisa, unyana kaDavid Jamer, kunye ne-Amby Amy, eyayivele ngo-1970, iMbamba noMlawuli.
Embindini-1900s, isikhephe sosapho siye saqala ukuhamba: Umlingisi kunye nomphathi ophumelele inoveli enelungelo elincinci uSonya braga, owenziwe kwifilimu ebomvu.
Ukususela ngoko, ubomi bobuqu beRobert Redford buye kutshintsha. Ngo-2009, inkanyezi yeHollywood itshatile okwesibini. Kodwa umfazi wesibini wayengumncedisi kunye nonobhala we-sashagars, umzobi ngomsebenzi, ohlala kuwo umtshato wexesha elide.
URobert Redford, ukuba abe sisimo sesondo esaziwayo se-70s kunye ne-190s, isekhona kwimo yomzimba efanelekileyo, eqinisekiswa ziifoto ezininzi zobugcisa ezivela kumaphephandaba kunye nomsebenzi wakhe owenzayo.
URobert Redford ngoku
Ngaphandle kwento yokuba ngo-2016 Robert Redford yabhengeza ukuphela kwekhondo lomsebenzi obambeleyo, iifilimu ngenkwenkwezi ye-cinema yaseMelika iqhubeka iphuma kwizikrini.Ngo-2017, i-Premiere yomdlalo "Imiphefumlo yethu yasebusuku" yenzeka kumnyhadala weVenice, apho uJane Food noRobert Redford badlala iindima eziphambili. Amaqhawe wefilimu aba ngabamelwane, abathi, emva kokuthandana nobomi bakhe, bagqiba kwelokuba bafumane omnye komnye. Bobabini abadlali abaye babona kwakhona kwisakhelo sexesha lekhondo lomsebenzi, bafumana ipremiyamu ekhethekileyo yomthendeleko wefilimu.
Kwakuloo nyaka, umboniso wenye ifilimu uqalwe, apho iRobert Redford ivele kwinto ephambili. Lo ngummangaleli weteyiphu "ovulekileyo" malunga nesayensi eyabonisa ukuba kwakufika impilo. Emva kokubhengezwa kwedatha yesayensi ehlabathini, uthotho lwezinto ezibalekayo zaqala. Kwifilimu ye-jason sigl kunye ne-rooney mara.
Ngoku iRobert Redford isebenza kwi-Masterpiece ye-Masterpiece-idrama "indoda endala kunye nompu." Kwifilimu, awayeza kuvelisa ngokwakhe, umzobi uya kudlala umlinganiswa ophambili. I-Arrest Tacker Tacker ithathe inxaxheba kuphanga bonke ubomi bakhe. Ebusweni belanga, indoda endala ithathwa kwinto yokugqibela.
I-filmography
- Ngo-1962 - "ukuzingela kwiDabi"
- Ngo-1969 - "Bich Cassidi kunye neSancens Kid"
- Ngo-1973 - "Scam"
- Ngo-1974 - "Gatsby enkulu"
- Ngo-1979 - "Rider Rider"
- Ngo-1985 - "Ukusuka eAfrika"
- 1993 - "Isiphakamiso esingafanelekanga"
- Ngo-1998 - "I-Caster yamahashe"
- Ngo-2001 - "Imidlalo ye-spy"
- Ngo-2012 - "imidlalo emdaka"
- Ngo-2014 - "Mveleli wokuqala: Enye imfazwe"
- Ngo-2017 - "ukuvula"