Biography
Tennessee Williams - Mutambi anotamba, uyo waunzvara anoshorwa neAmerican Czech. Mitambo yemunyori - nyaya dzekusurukirwa kwehunhu hukuru, nezvekutadza kuwana kuwirirana nenyika yekunze. Iwo mavara emunyori akaomesesa, uye nyika yakavapoteredza inoita kunge isina kunaka. Mazhinji mitezo mizhinji, mhando, ruzivo rwakaonekwa mumabasa eMusiki pahwaro hwezviitiko zvakaitika muhupenyu hwake.Hudu uye Vechidiki
Zita rechokwadi reAmerican Classic - Thomas Lanir Williams III. Dramaturgome yakazvarwa munaKurume 26, 1911 muColumbus, muMississippi. Achiri mudiki, mukomana aive apererwa neDiphtheria yaakange aisa hutano hwake. Baba Thomas Kornerio, vakatenga shangu uye vakatarisa, havana kugutsikana nenyaya yekuti mugari wenhaka haafariri vakasimba sevamwe vana. Pakati pake naAmai Tennessee Edwina nguva dzose vakagara vachiitika nyonganiso.
Nenguva isipi mhuri yakatamira kuSt. Louis. Pano achiri kuyaruka akapinda chikoro chekushandira. Ipapo Tomasi akatofarira mabhuku, vanyori vake vaanofarira vaive Nhepfenyuro yeAmerica Hart Crane uye Russian Play Wonton Chekhov. Kubva 1929 kusvika 1931, jaya iri raive mudzidzi weYunivhesiti yeMishuria, kwaakadzidza kufambiswa kwejumbozha. Panguva iyoyo, akatanga kunyora nhetembo, nyaya, anotamba uye kuti aratidze zvinyorwa pamakwikwi ekuverenga.
Hupenyu Hwako
Hupenyu hwemunyori hwakazadzwa nezviitiko zvinoshamisa, vamwe vakaumba hwaro hwemabasa aro. Mukupera kwe1930s, murume wacho anenge anzwisise: Varume vanomukwevera. Fred Melton akava wechidiki wekutanga wechidiki.Muna 1940, Tennessee akatakurwa neCanada Dancer naKip Cenan, asi akakurumidza kuzivisa muchato. Williams akapona mumutambo chaiye chaiwedzera nhau yekufa kwaKip muna 1944. Iye munyori airatidza manzwiro kune Canada mukutamba "chimwe chinhu chisina kujeka, chimwe chinhu chakajeka."
Kupenya kwaive kuperevedza kweAmerican ne mexican pancho rodriguez naGonzalez. Iye mukomana aireva chiridzwa negodo uye nedoro rakashandiswa. VELID yakabva muna 1947, asi ingangoita kusvika pakufa kweTennessee, varume vakaramba vachiita bhudi. Rudo rutsva muchidiki weItaly Rafaello akafuridzira munyori pakusikwa kwe "Roma wechiRama Mrs."
Iyo yakareba-yakareba kwazvo mu biography yaWilliams yaive hukama naFrank Merlo, uyo akatora angangoita makore gumi nemashanu. Iye murume haana kungozvigona kuti mwoyo wemunyori, asi wakatorawo mabasa emunyori, aiteyiwa mumabasa epamba. Shandura hunhu hwezvese zviri zviviri, zvisinei, zvakakonzera kumukira, icho chaive chikonzero chesimba. Nguva pfupi aparadzanisa, vanachiremba vakawana chikamu chekupedzisira chekenza yemapapu.
Sezvo akaziva nezveizvi, mutambo wekutamba wacho akadzokera kumudiwa uye akatarisira murume asati afa muna 1963. Kuchengetwa kwaFrank kwakanyudzwa classic mukuora mwoyo kukuru, akaona zvakawanda uye akashandisa zvinodhaka zvinorambidzwa. Munyori akadzokorora muchipatara uye akaiswa mumakiriniki ekurwara nepfungwa.
Dramaturgy
Kutamba kwekutanga "Chitinheni Kutinhira" murume wechidiki akaburitswa muna 1937. Asi kusati kwasunungurwa kwe "girazi", mabasa echitima chekutamba akasara asina hanya neruzhinji. Mumutambo uyu, American yakaratidza zviitiko zvega zvenguva yebasa pafekitori yeShangu, iyo yakazovengwa nemweya wake wakanaka uye unoteerera.
Hunhu hukuru hwaTom Wingfield anoyeuka nguva yandaigara naAmai Amanda uye Sista Lura. Amai vanokurumidza uye vanofarira vanoda nenzira yavaida kuti Mwanakomana azive kuwedzera, uye mwanasikana wake akaroora. Mukadzi haatauri nezve chokwadi chekuti basa riri muchitoro cheshangu anodzvinyirirwa nejaya, uye musikana uyu akasarudzika nekuda kwekusagadzikana kwemuviri - rimwe gumbo rerufu rinopfupika pane rimwe.
Iyo prototype yeavo vatambi vemitambo yaive mhuri yechitima - isina kunyorwa Edwin uye hanzvadzi yakasimuka, iyo yakatambura nekurwiswa kwekushungurudzika kwenguva refu. Nyaya yacho yakabudirira kuvaverengi, yakaiswa panjodzi.
Muna 1947, Williams akanyora chisikwa chitsva "Tram" chishuwo "." Pakati pehurongwa hwekurangana - iko kukakavara pakati peBlanche dubois uye stanley kovalski. Mukadzi wacho, akasara asina basa, anouya kuna sisi Stella, akamirira mwana. Iyo yakajairwa, yakajaira mamiriro akaomeswa, maitiro emuenzi anokonzerwa nekukonzerwa nekurambwa kwemurume Stellie Stanley.
Iyi coarse, inoshanda yakaipa inoita seinopesana neiyo heroine. Munhu anoita zvese zvekuita blanche, achamuparadza mufaro wake. Nekutumira mukadzi wepawakaroora kuchipatara chehondo, kowialski rapes dubois, mushure mekunge anopenga. Kutamba kwacho kwakabudirira kwazvo uye kwakachengetedzwa muna 1951. Iwo mahombe makuru ari pendi aive akaputirwa neVivien Lee uye Marlon Bromo.
Mugore rimwe chetero, mutambi anoburitsa mutambo mutsva "tattoo rakamuka", achitaura nezvedanho rezvekupedzisira. Serafina della Rosa anorasikirwa nemurume wake Rosario. Pfuti nemuviri wemurume waanochengeta mumusha kumba. Nguva inopfuura, iyo heroine inoziva mutyairi waAlvaro. Anobvuma kuti pamwe chete nemumwe wake aichengeta runako rwemuno rwestel. Iyi nhau dzinovamba mukadzi, asi kunzwa kutsva kune mutyairi anofarira kutsamwa.
Muna 1955, bhaibheri remabhuku aWilliams rizere ne "katsi padenga rinopisa". Iyo nyaya inoendesa vaverengi kuimba yemapurasiti ezvematongerwo enyika paIicknamed Break baba. Mazuva ehupenyu hwake anotariswa, uye mwanakomana wedangwe mwanakomana anotsvaga kuti ave mugari wenhaka mukuru. Rudo rwaBaba runorapwa zvakadhinha zvishoma.
Nekudaro, hapana vana, kunyange murume akaroora. Mwoyo waBrick unochengeta zvakavanzika zvakabatana nemukadzi wake Maggie uye shamwari yepamoyo yebhiri. Ichi chigadzirwa chemunyori chakasimudzwawo. Muna 1958, vateereri vakaona firimu umo mifananidzo yevaroora vechidiki varatidza Erizabheti Taylor naPaul Newman.
Muna 1973, chisinganzwisisike "kutamba kwemaviri" chakaonekwa mumabasa emunyori, uyo Williamed anotumidza zita rekuti Creek Greek gare gare. Maererano nehurongwa, hama nehanzvadzi vanozviwana ivo pachavo mumitambo yakasiiwa. Kuti ubude munzvimbo inoshamisa uye ine ngozi, ivo vanofanirwa kuratidza mamiriro ekuzviuraya kwevabereki.
Mubasa rese reTennessee, Tennessee akafemerwa nemabasa aAnton Pavlovich cheklov. Nguva pfupi asati afa, muna 1980, akanyora "digorin diary" - kujairana neKekhovov "Seagll". Iye munyori akaramba achishanda zuva nezuva kusvika zuva rekupedzisira rehupenyu, kunyange hazvo zvinyorwa zvake zvekunyepedzera akange asati awana kubudirira kwe50s.
Rufu
Iyo playwright yakafirwa munaFebruary 25, 1983. Pamberi pekupedzisira kusati kwapera, chikonzero cherufu chakarohwa nechirongo chechirume kubva pabubble nemushonga mumushonga mune yekufema turakiti rekufema. Nekudaro, gare gare mumishumo pakanga paine ruzivo rwakafa nemunyori kubva pakunyanyisa doro uye kunyengera.BHAIBHERI
- 1937 - "Kutinhira Kwemusoro"
- 1944 - "Girazi Zvernet"
- 1947 - "Shuva" Tram ""
- 1951 - "TATTOOOED REMO"
- 1955 - "Katsi pane Senga Rakatsetseka"
- 1957 - "Orpuus anoburuka kugehena"
- 1959 - "Shiri ine bvudzi inotapira yejaya"
- 1961 - "Husiku hweIguana"
- 1969 - "PaTokyo Hotera's Bar"
- 1973 - "Chikamu chechipiri (Creek)"
- 1977 - "French quarter"
- 1980 - "Trigorin Diary"
- 1981 - "Chinhu chisina kujeka, chimwe chinhu chakajeka"
- 1982 - "Imba, Kukundwa"
Filmography
- 1950 - "Girazi Zvernet"
- 1951 - "Tram" Chido ""
- 1955 - "TATTOOO YAKASHURE"
- 1958 - "Katsi pane Senga Rakapatsanuka"
- 1959 - "Kamwe kamwe, zhizha rapfuura"
- 1961 - "ROMAN ROMAN STURE Mai Dombo"
- 1962 - "Shumba Inotapira yeUduduku"
- 1964 - "Husiku hweIGANI"