Tari
Tennessee Williams - Wasan wasa, wanda sukan sakin kayan rubutu ake kira Czech na Amurka. Wasan marubucin - Labarun game da kadaici na babban halaye, game da rashin iya samun jituwa da duniyar waje. A haruffa marubucin ya kasance m, da kuma duniya da ke kewaye da su da alama. Yawancin layin makirci, iri, cikakkun bayanai sun bayyana cikin ayyukan mahalicci bisa ga abubuwan da suka faru a rayuwarsa.Yaro da matasa
Gaskiya sunan Amurka - Thomas Lanir Williams III. An haife Dramaturome a ranar 26 ga Maris, 1911 a Columbus, a Mississippi. A lokacin da yake farkon shekara, yaron ya rasa diphtheria da ya gurbata lafiyarsa. Uba Toma Corneliatus, wanda ya yi ciniki da takalmin kuma ya mai da hankali, ya gamsu da gaskiyar cewa magajin da magajin da magaji ya girma sosai kamar sauran yara. Tsakaninsa da mahaifiyar Tennessee Edwina ya faru har abada.
Da sannu dangin sun koma St. Louis. A nan matashiya ya shiga makarantar solan. Tuni fa Thomas ya zama sha'awar wallafe-wallafe, da marubutan da ya fi so su ne Amurka Hartawafa da wasan kwaikwayo na Rasha Anton Chekhov. Daga 1929 zuwa 1931, saurayi ɗan ɗalibin jami'ar Jami'ar Missuria ne, inda ya yi nazarin a cikin goyon bayan aikin jarida. A wancan lokacin, ya fara rubuta waƙoƙi, labarai, wasa da gabatar da maganganu akan ciramuran rubutu.
Rayuwar sirri
Rayuwar sirri ta sirri ta cika da abubuwan ban mamaki, wasu sannan kuma sun kafa tushen ayyukanta. A ƙarshen 1930s, mutumin ya fahimta: Maza suna jan hankalin sa. Fred mellon ya zama farkon saurayi.A shekara ta 1940, an kawar da Datter Dancing wanda KIP Cenan, amma ba da daɗewa ba ya sanar da bikin. Williams ya tsira daga wasan kwaikwayon na ainihi wanda ya ƙara labarin mutuwar Kip a cikin 1944. Marubucin ya nuna yadda ya ji ga Kanada a cikin wasan "wani abu ta hanyar vaguely, wani abu a bayyane."
Bright shine karancin Amurkawa tare da Mexico Pancho Rodriguez da Gonzalez. An kira mutumin da wasan kwaikwayo tare da kishi da raina giya. Ba labari ne ya daina ba a cikin 1947, amma kusan har mutuwa ta mutu, maza sun kasance budurwa. Sabuwar Soyayya a cikin matasa na Italiyanci Rafaello ya yi wahayi zuwa ga marubucin a kan halittar "bazara na bazara."
Mafi na dogon lokaci a cikin tarihin rayuwar Williams shine dangantakar da Frank Merlo, wacce ta dauki kusan shekaru 15. Mutumin ya zama ba kawai na dabara ga zuciyar marubucin ba, har ila yau kuma ta ɗauka ayyukan sakataren Sakatare, an shiga al'amuran gida. Yanayin mai son duka, duk da haka, ya jagoranci cin hadaya, wanda shine sanadin rata. Ba da da ewa bayan wani bangare, likitoci suka gano matakin karshe na cutar sankarau.
Bayan da tunatarwa game da wannan, playwright mayar wa mai lover kuma ya kula da wani mutum kafin mutuwarsa a 1963. Aatar Frank ta nutsar da wata al'ada cikin baƙin ciki, ya ga da yawa da aka hana magunguna. An maimaita marubucin a asibiti kuma an sanya shi a cikin asibitocin don rashin lafiyar hankali.
Wasan jirgin ruwa
Farkon wasan na farko "tsawa na bazara" yarinyar da aka saki a cikin 1937. Amma kafin saki 'gilashin ", ayyukan da playwight ya kasance ba tare da jan hankalin jama'a ba. A cikin wannan wasan kwaikwayon, ɗan Amurka ya nuna abubuwan da suka faru na lokacin aiki a masana'antar takalma, wanda ya juya don a ƙi shi don jin daɗin sa da ƙarfin sa.
Babban halin Tom Wingfield ya tuna lokacin da na zauna tare da mahaifiyar Amanda da 'yar'uwa Laura. Uwarƙƙarfan farin ciki da farin ciki za ta so Sonan don karɓar ƙara, 'yarsa tayi aure. Uwargidan ba ta kula da gaskiyar cewa aikin shagon zai zalunce ta wani saurayi ba, kuma yarinyar ba ta da rauni ga wani yanki.
Propotype don haruffan wasan shine dangin PDWIght - Anasuwa Edin da 'yar'uwa ta samu daga hare-hare na tsinkaye. Alamar ta yi nasara ga masu karatu, an sanya shi a filin wasa.
A shekarar 1947, Williams ya rubuta sabuwar halitta "tram" so "." A tsakiyar makircin - Rikicin tsakanin Blanche Dubois da Stanley Kovalski. Matar, sauran ba tare da aiki ba, ta zuwa ga 'yar'uwar Stella, wacce ke jiran yaro. Sopulisticated, saba wa saiti mai tsauri, tsarin da ba sa ya haifar da kin amincewa da miji Stellie Stanneyy.
Wannan m, ma'aikaci mai kyau yana aiki kamar yadda akasin heroine. Wani mutum yana aikata duk abin da zai sa Blancek, ya lalata farin ciki. Ta hanyar aika mata da aure ga asibitin Mata, Kowalski Rapes Dubois, bayan da ta shiga mahaukaci. Wasan ya yi nasara sosai kuma ya kare a cikin 1951. Babban darus a cikin zanen yana wasa da alama ta Vivien Lee da Marlan Brando.
A wannan shekarar, wasan kwaikwayo mai buga sabon wasan kwaikwayo "misalin wasan kwaikwayo", yana gaya wa makomar rabo. Serafina Della Rosa Rossa ta rasa mijinta Rosario. Gun tare da jikin wani mutum da ta ci gaba a cikin Urn a gida. Lokaci ya wuce, jarumai sun san direban Alvaro. Ya yarda da cewa tare da matarta sai ya kula da kyawun chestel na gida. Wannan labarin ya raunata mace, amma sabon ji zuwa ga direba ya fusata.
A cikin 1955, littafi mai tsarki na Williams an cika shi da "cat a kan rufin zafi". Labarin ya tura masu karatu zuwa gidan mai zanen siyasa kan sunan barkwanci. Zamanin rayuwarsa ana yin la'akari da kwanakin ransa, kuma babban ɗa ya nemi ya zama babban magaji. Har yanzu ana ba da ƙaunar mahaifin mahaifiyar da ƙaramin ƙarfin.
Koyaya, babu 'ya'ya, kodayake namiji yana da aure. Zuciyar bulo na tubalin da aka yi wajabta hade da matar sa da kuma mafi kyawun aboki na Skipper. Wannan samfurin marubucin shima ya fusata. A cikin 1958, masu sauraro suka ga fim wanda hotunan matasa matan da suka gabatar Elizabeth Taylor da Paul Newman.
A shekarar 1973, tatsuniyoyi biyu "sun bayyana a cikin ayyukan marubucin, wanda Williams ya sake kunnawa daga baya. A cewar makirci, ɗan'uwan da 'yar'uwarsu suka sami kansu a wasan kwaikwayon da aka watsar. Don fita daga wani bakon da haɗari, suna buƙatar bayyana yanayin kisan kai.
A cikin aikin a cikin aikin Tennessee, Tennessee ya hure ta hanyar ayyukan Anton Pavlovich Chekhov Chekhov. Jim kaɗan kafin mutuwa, a cikin 1980, ya rubuta cewa "Trigorin Diary" - Karɓar Chekhov "seagulls". Marubucin ya ci gaba da aiki kowace rana har zuwa ranar ƙarshe ta rayuwa, kodayake ƙarshen labarinsa bai sake samun nasarar 50s ba.
Mutuwa
The Playwright ya mutu a ranar 25 ga Fabrairu, 1983. Bayan kafin karshen Medispert, wanda ya kashe shi daga kumfa tare da magani zuwa cikin numfashi na numfashi. Koyaya, daga baya a cikin rahotannin da akwai bayanan da marubucin ya mutu sakamakon shan giya da magani.Littafi daya
- 1937 - "tsawawar bazara"
- 1944 - "Zuwa na Zungiyar Zmonts"
- 1947 - "Mowning" Muryar ""
- 1951 - "tateloed fure"
- 1955 - "Cat akan rufin raba"
- 1957 - "Orekous sauka zuwa wuta"
- 1959 - "Tsawon tsuntsaye mai daɗi mai daɗi"
- 1961 - "Daren iguana"
- 1969 - "a sandar otal din TOKYO"
- 1973 - "yanki na biyu (Creek)"
- 1977 - "Quarter Faransa"
- 1980 - "Trigorin Diary"
- 1981 - "wani abu vaguely, wani abu bayyananne"
- 1982 - "House, wanzuwa ta rushe"
Filmography
- 1950 - "zagaye zagon gilashin"
- 1951 - "tram" so ""
- 1955 - "tateloed fure"
- 1958 - "Cat akan rufin raba"
- 1959 - "Ba zato ba tsammani, bazara ta ƙarshe"
- 1961 - "Roman bazara MRS. Dutse"
- 1962 - "Muryar tsuntsu"
- 1964 - "Daren iguan"