Munyori mikhail bulgakov anoonekwa seanoshamisa munyori wezana ramakore rapfuura. Akataura nezve mweya waGogo, wakatamba mukuumbwa kweCharles dickens uye kuunganidza matikiti kubva pakuita kuti aive nerombo rekushanya. Humwe hwobowo hunonakidza nezveMikhail bulgakov - muzvinyorwa 24cm.
Kukurukurirana neStalin
Nhoroondo yehukama hwemutungamiri uye munyori ichiri kukonzera nhaurirano. Sekureva kwevanyori venhoroondo, Stalin yaitonhorera nezvebasa romunyori, iro rakazara neivimbiso yeAnti-Soviet.Zvisinei, rimwe basa rakawa zvakadaro rakabatwa pamusoro pe "baba vevanhu". Uku kwaive kutamba kweiyo Mcat "mazuva eTurbine", iyo, maererano nedata isina kusarudzika, mutungamiri akatarisa kagumi nemashanu. Gare gare, BulgorovyAdy akaedza kuramba chokwadi ichi kubva kuhupenyu hwemunyori uye akawana chinyorwa umo mukadzi wechipiri Mikhal Afanasvich akataura kuti "Lipa".
Zvichakadaro, Stalin airemekedza kutamba kweBulgakov, uye vakaona zvinorehwa nekuita mu "simba rekusimbisa kwebhasivevism," uko vanhu vakaita seyangamire vakamanikidzwa kukunda kuda kwevanhu.
Muna 1930, nguva dzinorema dzakauya dzeBulgakov: Mubasa ravakaramba, mitambo yacho yaisirwa kubva kuResirtOire, zvakazoitika kuti arege kurarama. Zvinoshungurudza nemamiriro acho ezvinhu, munyori anonyora tsamba kuStalin nechikumbiro chekuburitsa kunze kwenyika kana kuti irege kushanda zvakanaka munyika yokumusha kwake.
Kubva paDiaries yeElena Shlovskaya akakwanisa kudzosera zviitiko zvemazuva iwayo paakamuudza. Mushure mekunge tsamba yakatumirwa mufurati kwaidaidzwa kuti canrade stalin, akabvunza akaneta nemunyori munyika yokumusha kwake. Uye ipapo mutungamiri anopa kushanda muArt theatre uye kusangana nekutaurirana.
Mushure mekuvimbika kwakadaro kubva kumunyori General, Bulgakov aive nebasa. Nekudaro, iyo inotarisirwa kuvhenekerwa kwekucherechedzwa Mikhail Afanasyevich, uye kukurukurirana kwakarongwa hakuna kuitika.
Gare gare, bulgakov akanyora mutambo wekutamba "" nezvehudiki hweStalin. "Baba vevanhu" vakafunga kugadzirwa kwezvakanaka, asi pamwe kubva mukuzvininipisa, vakarambidza kuita nezvake.
Izvi zvakadzikiswa nehutano hwemunyori, uye bulgakov akawedzera chirwere chenhaka. Vanachiremba vakanaka kwazvo veUSSR vakakwezva kurapwa kwemunyori, kusanganisira chiremba pachavo veMunyori General Stuver purofesa Vinogradov.
Chokwadi cheupenyu hwemunyori chinonakidza, kuti Mikhail Afanasvich akaenzana nePatroni yehukama hwaJoseph Vissionvich hukama naSatani, uye vaiwanzozvibatanidza negamba raJohann Goethe, vakabudirira vakatengesa mweya kuna dhiabhori.
Hushamwari naDhiyabhorosi
Bulgakov yakasungirirwa kushamisika kusinganzwisisike uye kune wechitatu wezve elena shlovskaya. Nemusangano wekutanga pane sleeve yemukadzi, ribhoni rakasunungurwa, uye iye munyaradzi akabvunzurudza kuti asasunge chimbuzi chemunyori.
Gare gare, Mikhail Afanasvich achapora chiporofita chevaKiev Gypsy, icho chinoti Chiti yekare: "Mukadzi wekutanga - kubva kuna Mwari, wechipiri - wechitatu - kubva kuna dhiabhori." Vanoti iyo Bulgakov yaiita kunge ndangariro uye mukadzi anonzi "muroyi", achifunga kuti anobvunzwa semusangano wekutanga.
Oldly zvakakwana, asi nekuuya kwaHelena, hupenyu hweBulgakov zvakavandudza, uye mukadzi wake akachengeta zvinyorwa zvekunyora emurume wake uye akaunganidza pepa rimwe nerimwe. Shanda nebhuku raDhiyabhorosi zvakareruka, uye bhodhi rezvinyorwa rakazvarwa, uko kurondedzerwa kweWandland kwakatora mapeji 15, izvo zvaifungidzirwa nezve munhu waunoziva maMikhail Afanasvich neiyo yakarondedzerwa nehunyanzvi.
Kana iwe ukawedzera kuti mune makumi matatu eBulgakov, kana uchienzaniswa nevamwe vaArtist, vaigara zvakadzikama uye havana kuvhundutsa kuti vadaidze musuwo, mukadzi wemunyori akapihwawo simba risina kuchena. Runyerekupe pamusoro pekubatanidzwa kweBulgakov kune masons uye kutora chikamu mune zvemidzimu mitambo.
Kuyambuka ongororo
Muchokwadi chinonakidza pamusoro peMikhail bulgakov, chinofanira kuwedzerwa kuti munyori akazvitumidza kuti "Wolf yakaonda", nekuti, kunyangwe tarenda rekushongedza, mafungu ekutsoropodza akarova munyori. Hongu, uye Munyori akabva asina tsitsi kwaari, achitenda kuti aisikagadzira rvan, chinofanira kunge chiri kupisa uye chakavanzika kuvanhu.Kwemakore makumi matatu nemashanu, ongororo dzevengozi dzaonekwa pamakore gumi kubva panguva yekunyora zviitiko. Vatatu chete ndivo "vanorumbidzwa."
Mukadzi wechipiri weMunyori Anoda Belzerskaya akabvuma kuti Bulgakov kuti Bulgakov akaunganidza kubva mumapepanhau nemagazini nezvezviitiko zvaro mune yakaparadzana. Uye sezvo huwandu hwerworese hwakawedzera, hunhu hweBulgakov hwakabiwa. Iye munyori akaramba akatsamwa, akatambura nekushaya hope uye kusimuka kwekufamba-famba musoro uye pfudzi.
Gare gare, mukadzi wechitatu wemunyori muna 1967 akapfuura neA. Solzhenitsyn's Vavengi veBulgakov, iripi denderedzwa, mapundu uye mapoinzi akamira pamberi pegondo rakakurumbira. Muna 2004, chinyorwa cheSolzhenitsyn "Awards Mikhail Bulgakov," Awards, Mikhail Bulgakov, muHupenyu uye rakaburitswa munyaya yegumi nenomwe ". Munyori, pamwe nerondedzero yakaparadzana yemupfumo "vavengi".
Prototypes mu "Master uye Margarita"
Basa guru reBulgakov rakava novel "Master uye Margarita". Pfungwa pamusoro pekuti ndiani akazova prototype yeTenzi, yakatsvuka. Pakati pevhesi dzakakurumbira ndiwo mazita eAlama Gorky, Osip mandelstam, Faust, Yeshua. Panewo kubvuma kuti munzira dzakawanda mufananidzo tenzi akanyorwa kubva munyori pachake, sezvinoratidzwa nemakore unhu, uyewo zvahungava hwakaita zvakavimbika norupi mabasa Mikhail Afanasyevich.
Iyo prototype yeMargarita yaive mukadzi wechitatu wemunyori Elena Shlovskaya, uyo aionekwa sesamu ye bulgakov. Kufanana neiyo prototype, Margarita panguva yekuziva nezvaTenzi yaive isingawirirane. Kufanana kwakaedzwa kurondedzerwa kweiyo heroine. Nyaya isinganzwisisike nezve iyo Bulgakov akaudza mukadzi wake mukadzi asati afa akabatanidzwa naElena.
Izvo zvakazove pamba pakagara mukadzi wechitatu, akagutsurira 'murume mudiki akaderera ", akafanana neGogol. Ipapo Mikhail Afanasvich haana kupa zvinoreva chokwadi ichi, uye gare gare mamiriro ezvinhu aikabviswa.
Iyo prototype yaive mbiri mvuu. Iyo prototype ye mubatsiri Volé ik ikava katsi inonzi iyo trip. Sekureva kwemumwe wechipiri, munyori akafuridzira kusikwa kwehusiku hwekati, izvo munyori asina kutora pamaoko ake nekuda kwekunyura, asi aibvumira baloventica tafura yekunyora, achiisa pepa.
Uye zano risinganzwisisike rakatanga katsi kitsi rinoti nezita rezita rakadaro, Bulgakov rakararama mumukadzi asina pekugara mumba memunyori, asi imbwa yakangwara yaiziva kuhukura kweHondo yeGore Idzva mhuka haina kudzidzisa.
Kutambisa
Muchokwadi chinonakidza nezveMikhail bulgakov, chinofanira kuwedzerwa kuti munyori aisaziva nzira yekugadzirisa mari. Pamuroora wekutanga, haana kumbokwanisa kuita mari yekuchengetedza. Mwenga akaenda kuatari isina fata. Vabereki vemudhure vekutanga veBulgakov vakamutumira zvakanaka, asi munyori anokanganisika anogona kupedza yekupedzisira parwendo rwe tekisi. SHOKORO ZVAKAITWA ZVAKAITWA MUFANANIDZO.Nekudaro, mikhal afanasyevich yakazova chinhu chinonakidza. Kana mari yekupedzisira yakaramba ichinge yasimbiswa chikafu, munyori akaenda kuCasino, akaita chete bhedhi uye akakunda. Chipo ichi chaaisazowanzoitika uye kupererwa.
Presta
Mikhail Bulgakov aive akapindwa muropa. Kubatsira mwana achifa kubva kuDiphtheria muna 1917, munyori akatanga kufungidzira kuti akatapukirwa. Kuti udzivise kukudziridzwa kwechirwere, bulgakov akazvisuma kune kupokana serum kubva kune iyo mhedzisiro mhedzisiro yakagadzirwa.
Munyori ane chiso nemuviri wakafukidzwa nehasha, kurwadziwa kwakatanga. Kunyura kunze kwezviratidzo, mukadzi weBulgakov Word Wollen Morphine, zuva rinotevera maitiro akadzokororwa prophylaxis. Izvi zvakazoitika kuti zvakaringana kukudziridza kupindwa muropa.
Mazuva mashoma gare gare, kurwadziwa kwacho kwakaitwa, uye tsika yekutora mushonga, zvino kubva kusungwa, zvakasara. Sevha mukadzi wekutanga weBulgakov kubva pane zvaunoda murume wake, iyo panzvimbo yemamong morphine yakavharidzira mvura yakadzika uye zvishoma nezvishoma yakaderedza iyo morphine uye mvura ye jekiseni.
Nekudaro, kutsamira kwakasvitswa "kutyora" uye kushungurudzika kwakanyanya. Muna 1918, bulgakov atove nemwana morphine kubva kumukadzi wake, achikanda kupisa kwepamusoro mukati maro uye kutyisidzira kumukira. Imwe yekurwiswa mukamuri rakapinda, maererano nemunyori, Gogol, uyo akatyisidzira Bullgakov nomunwe wake. Izvo zvaive nemhedzisiro chaiyo. Pashure pezuva iro, kutsamira kwakatanga kudzoka. Zvakatendwa kuti munyori haana kubatwa zvakanyanya kune zvinodhaka.
Uye muna 2015 zvakazivikanwa kuti pamapeji ezvinyorwa zveManyoro "Master uye Margarita" masayendisiti akawana miti yeMorphine. Chidzidzo ichi chakabatanidzwa nemapeji 127, izvo zvakasikwa kubva 1936 kusvika 1940. Pamwe mushonga wakarova mashizha epepa kubva kubva pamasita, kana kuburikidza neganda remunyori.
Mapeji ekutanga emanyoro ane manyorerwo eshoma echinhu chepfungwa, uye zana ngs akawanikwa pamapeji eChitsauko chechisere. Zvichakadaro, gadzira ongororo yekufananidza nemasangano emakore iwayo, iyo yaizoziva kuti ndiani akasara nemushonga - munyori kana vashandi veNKvd, vakakundikana. Panguva iyoyo, yakajekeswa kana nzvimbo dzemishonga dzakatorwa mushure me1936, yaisakwanisa kuvimbika.
KLAD
Inovhara kusarudzwa kwechokwadi chinonakidza nezveMikhail bulgakov, kugona kweiyo peni tenzi zvakadzama uye zvinonzwisisika kurondedzera zviitiko mumabasa avo. MuCovel "White Guard", Mikhail Afanasvich, akarondedzera dendere remhuri re turbine, vachitora ndangariro dzeimba yeimba muKiev sehwaro.
Uye zvinhu zvese zvingave zvakanaka, asi muvhenekeri, pfuma yakagadzirwa inoonekwa, iyo misoro inovavarira musoro, uye yakaenda kunotsvaga ndarama yekuvakwa, iyo yakaparadzwa chose kunze kwekutumirwa kune iyo vagari vemuKiev kero yeMunyori.