Biography
Iyo gallery yakagadzirwa naPavel Treyakov, uye nhasi inoramba iri imwe yezviratidzo zveMoscow, uye chiitiko chake chichava chaicho chinyararire, ndatenda kune iyo yeRussia Artaidhi kupfuura gumi nemaviri maartist artists.
Panguva imwecheteyo, havazi vese vanoziva kuti muhupenyu hwake, iyo patron munhu anonyara uye ane mwero. Kuve mumwe wevatengesi vakaapfuma kwenguva inopfuura mamirioni anopfuura emamirioni ekupenda, akafamba nenzira yekupfeka, akaponeswa pamari yemumba uye chete cigars inozivikanwa kubva pakunyanyisa, uye kunyange zuva .
Hudu uye Vechidiki
Pavel Mikhailovich Trityakov akaberekwa 15 (27) December 1832 muMoscow. Ivo naHama SERIY vaive vadyi venhaka yebhizinesi rababa vake - Mikhail Zakharichich ave nemapepa emapepa emafekitori uye vanakomana vakakamiswa kuti varambe vaine mabhizinesi emhuri.
Maererano netsika dzePavel, akagamuchira dzidzo yokumusha uye kubva muchiri mudiki akaunzwa kune nyaya iyi, akatamba basa dema muzvitoro, anonzi vatengi, akaitiswa. Pazera ramakore gumi nemashanu, akatoita mabhuku ekuzvipira, uye aine makore makumi maviri akazova mutungamiri akazara emabhizinesi.
Basa
Hama, dzinorangarira chete zvibvumirano zvaBaba, asiwo zvaisakwanisa kungoita bhizinesi remhuri, asiwo nekukudziridza - kunze kwekunge mafekitori, ivo vaitove vachitungamira chingwa, moto nehuni nemachira mumatoro emuno, uye pakati- 1860s Akananga kuCostroma regumi nemaneni.
Pasi pehutungamiri hwesikekitori yeTreyakov yakatanga kukurumidza kuwana mwaka, kunyangwe dambudziko rehupfumi ra1880. Nenguva isipi akatanga kutanga maererano nezvigadzirwa muRussia. Hama dzakawana chitoro muMoscow paIlyinka, kwavakatanga kupa vatengi vechigadzirwa cheRussia uye veVelvet, mvere, uye mapena, nemashanga uye mahedheni nemagumbeze nemagumbeze.
Mushure meizvozvo, Pauro naSergey vakawana dzimba dzemari miviri muKostroma uye Moscow, mosvo mauto muKostroma Province. Profits yose yaiwanzo kupatsanurwa nehafu, asi pakanga pasina kupatsanurwa kwakaoma ku "yangu uye yako neyako" - hama dzakaipisisa dzakagovana capital, zvichibva pamamiriro emuchato, izvo zvinodikanwa uye zvaunofarira.
Treytyakov akaperekedza rombo rakanaka, asi zvingave zvisina kunaka kutaura kuti vaingova nerombo: vese vakanzwa vanhu vakatendeseka, vanoshanda uye vanoshanda nesimba vasingazvizorega basa ravo ravanoda. Vabati veTrityapiv vaiva nevabatsiri veTritty uye vakafamba muupenyu hwake, vakabatana nerudo rwechokwadi uye hushamwari hwakasimba, hwakachengetedzwa kusvika pakuguma kwemazuva.
"Hazviwanzo kuitika kuti mazita ehama mbiri ari padhuzewo nemumwe munhu ane hukama," munyori wenhoroondo palve Buryshindi akanyora nezvavo.Vakabatana neSergey naPaul uye neChido yeARV: Ivo vakaenda kuTheater, Concers pamwe chete, uye kuunganidzwa kwakakurumbira kwematareji kwaizove kwakanyatsonaka kufonera gallery mushure mekunge Paul naSergey Treyyov.
Unganidzo uye patronage
Kana vari vamwe vamiririri vazhinji vevatengesi veMoscow, rudo rwevaErtyakov vaifunga nezve nyaya yekumanikidzwa. Kuchengetwa kwezvikoro uye zvigaro, kupihwa kwemari yezvinodiwa munharaunda yaive chikamu chebasa ravo. Hwaro hwekuona kwakadaro hwaive nheyo dzechiKristu: mupiro wacho wanga uchisangana nekutenda kuna Mwari kubudirira mune zviitiko uye chishandiso kukurira "simba rekuramba" remari.
Panguva imwecheteyo, chimiro chikuru chomubatsiro "chakaramba kuda", panguva yehupenyu hweMubatsiri, mipiro mikuru yaisawanzoitika - nzira dzinosarudzwa dzekudyara mari. Panyaya iyi, Pavel Treyakov akatanga kusarudzika - akatanga kuisa mari kana achinge awana mukana wakadai, uye gore regore kusvika gore rerubatsiro rwebetsero rwaro rwemari rwakakura.
Akatanga nevachengeti vechiitiko chedzidzo chevana vedzimba dzevana matsi-uye-vasingarambe nerutsigiro rwevanhu kushamwari, vavakidzani, machechi emunharaunda - muchechi mupfumi, anenge munhu wese wose anokwidza kwaari. Muna 1876, akabvuma kubhadhara chidimbu chekutsvagisa kuN. N. N. N. N. N. N. N. N. N. N. N. N. N. N. N. N. N. N. N. N.N Mazeo ekumaodzanyemba, makore mashoma akazoregera mari yakakura yekuvakwa kweChechi yeOrthodox muTokyo.
Semwana, Pauro aifarira kuunganidza zvidiki zvidiki, kunyorwa uye kuongorora uye litehographs, achivatenga pamusika uye mumashopu. Uyu aive mutungamiriri weunganidzwa mukuru, waakawana, agamuchira mari yayo. Gare gare, akazviratidza kuti basa rekugadzira muunganidzwa wakazara-wokuraira kweRussia pendi uye gadzira iyo yeruzhinji domain.
Chokwadi chinonakidza - Akapa mahombekombe kune vabati vevanyori kwete kubva kumanzwiro emumba chete, asiwo nekuti pakutanga zvaive zvisina basa kune makomputa, asi nekufamba kwenguva, iyo iripo hunyanzvi, uye ane mukurumbira Sechiripo chinozivikanwa cheCognot.
TreyTyakov akamhan'arira pendi muRussia muRussia, akarayira mifananidzo yerudzi rwakakurumbira (nezvikumbiro zvakadai zvaakataura naKramsky, Perov, Revhi), Akabiridzirwa Kuunganidzwa Kwemakona uye Kutevedzana Kwepombi.
Muna 1874, Pavel Mikhailovich akavaka chivakwa chakasiyana chesara, uye muna 1888 akashanyira basa rake remahara. Muna 1892, akaburitsa pachena zvivakwa, uye zvirimo sechipo kubva muguta, uye mukudaera kuti kufarira kwake guta raive mune ramangwana rakashandiswa mukudzorerwa kwekuunganidzwa. Kuti awane kuratidzwa kutsva, akaenderera mberi kusvika kumagumo ehupenyu hwake achibhadhara.
MuBiography yeTrityakov, yakanyorwa naLvom Anisov, iyo chiitiko cheGarireya kutapurirana sechipo kuMoscow inotsanangurwa. Alexander III, achishanyira imba yekumaindasitiri muLavrushsky Lane, akamubvunza kuti amupe mufananidzo we "Buvel Murozilovich kuti aite izvi, nekuti waibva zvino, musangano wose wa guta. Mushure meizvozvo, mambo akadzoka padanho uye akamuburitsa pasi.
Pavel Mikhailovich akafambisa akakwana ekuzvidzivirira vavariro. Haana kugamuchira purofiti kubva pendi uye gallery, asi ini ndakanga ndisingakwanise kushivirira pakero yangu - Slavorah yakamuvhiringidza kuseka. Yakanga ichimutswa kuti kana kutsoropodza kweStasov pamusoro pechinyorwa chekutevera, Nyengedzo waida kurwara kubva mukutsamwa, asi achipa musangano, akatobvapo Moscow, asingadi kunzwa kutenda.
PANO ROPA, Paul Mikhailovich aimbove dongo. Chido chake chehunhu hauna kupindira naye kuti vatore mukana wekutenga zvakachipa uye kukumbira kuderedzwa, asi, asi kuverenga kweGeridhly, asi kuunganidzwa kuri nyore, kuunganidza kwacho kwave kwekupedzisira kwave muunganidzwa , nekuti mari yakachengetwa inogona kushandiswa pane imwe nyanzvi.
Pagaga nemhuri, akasarudza kuchengetedza zvakaoma. Zvese zvekushandisa, kusvika kune ASMS, patronage zvakanyorwa zvakanyatsorondedzera, uye pane zvinyorwa zvakachengetedzwa nhasi tinogona kutonga zvakakura zvezviitiko zvaro zvinobatsira.
Hupenyu Hwako
Bhizimusi rakakurumbira rakaroorwa nemabhizimusi akakurumbira: Pakanga pasina nguva yehupenyu hwako, uye rudo rwaTrtyakov zvaisada. Kune hupenyu hwakatsoropodzwa bachelor hupenyu, shamwari dzaisa zita rake archimandrite. Pana 33 chete, akaroora rutendo rwembatya, hama dzevanoshanda naye weshandiri.
Mwenga haana kupenya nerunako, asi Akakamura kuda kwehunyanzvi, zvakadaro, achifunga mimhanzi, uye kwete kupenda. Yakanga iri mubatanidzwa werudo, uye kwete nekuverenga, uye hupenyu hwavo hwakajoina hwakazopedzisira hwazove nerunyararo uye nekufara. Pakupera kwamazuva, Pavel Mikhailovich uye Vera Nikolaevna vaisashanda - vakaenda kumakonzati, vaiita hupfumi uye vakatumira kune mumwe nemumwe kubva kunhamo nyoro.
Mukadzi akamupa vana vatanhatu: Vanakomana vaIvan naMikhail, vanasikana vaAlexander, Maria, rudo nerutendo. Nehurombo, vasikana chete ndivo vaigara kune vakuru: Vanya akafa mumakore masere kubva kuScarly, uye Misha akazvarwa achirwara uye akazofa.
Muna 1892, TreyTyakov akaviga hama yaSergey inodikanwa. Aivawo muteresi, kunyangwe asina kuda shungu, uye akaraira pamberi pezvokubatanidzwa kwekuunganidza uye kuendesa guta ravo. Kuenda kwake kwakangoerekana kwaitika, uye Pavel Mikhalovich ainetseka zvakanyanya nekurasikirwa.
"Ainge ari nani kupfuura ini," akagomera.Rufu
Pakupera kwehupenyu hwaTytyakov, zita rekutengeserana Advisor, nhengo yedare rekutengeserana uye muyerally uye St. Petersburg Academy yehunyanzvi. Mumakore achangopfuura, akatambura kubva mumudumbu ulcer. Chirwere ichi chakanunura kutambudzika kukuru uye kwakonzera rufu.
Pavel Mikhaillovich Pre-akagadzirira testamende mberi, iyo yakasiya huwandu hwakakura kuchikoro chechikepe cheChirikadzi, moscow akachengetedzwa, Jetty, akaraira vadzidzi nemapenji kune vashandi vefekitori yavo. Haana kutenderera imba uye haana kukanganwa kutaura mushandi wega wega mumba.
Musi waDecember 4, 1898, iyo yekuzivikanwa yakafa yakafa, kutora vana kuhutano uye kutarisira gallery. Mukadzi wake akatenda akamutevera - mushure mekufa kwake kuti akararama mwedzi mitatu chete, guva rake rakanga riri pedyo nemurume wake. Pavl Mikalovich akavigwa pane Danilovsky Cemetery padivi pehama yake, uye muna 1948 guruva revose Trittyakov vakatamira kuNodevichhi.
Ndangariro
- MuMoscow, chifananidzo kuTytyakov chinoiswa muMoscow pamberi pechivakwa chegalary.
- Zita Pavel Mikhaillovich akapfeka mugwagwa muLipetsk.
- Pachitsuwa cheNyika Itsva pane iye ane gwara rechando.
- Ana Federts akanyora bhuku "Pavel Tretyakov", achirondedzera hunhu hwayo hwakawanda nerubatsiro rwehuwandu hwakakura hwehunhu hwakachengetedzwa.