Ubuzima
Iminsi ibiri mbere yikiruhuko cyabakunzi bose - 202abasomyi hiciwe hares icyarimwe, bishimira abitabo, kandi bahuje parufe nziza. Ati: "Serivise y'abasoma" yavuze ko kuri imurikagurisha "yuri annenkov. Impinduramatwara inyuma "mu Nzu Ndangamurage y'ibihe by'Uburusiya, hiyongereyeho imirimo amagana y'abapatsi na gahunda, hamwe n'imitekerereze yagaruwe y'abakinnyi bakomeye b'Abanamabyova, ivugwa mu bisimba bya Lidiya Chikovskaya, bizatangwa.Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Ku ya 24 Werurwe (ukurikije imiterere mishya) yo mu 1907 mu muryango w'umusizi wa Sovit korni Chikovsky (izina nyaryo - Umwana wa Lidiya. Alibolita mbere yaho, umugore wakundaga "yerekanye Umuremyi" Moydodyra "," Fly-Conyokoroha "w'imfura, umuhungu Nicholas.
Nubwo atandukanye mu gihe, mushiki wanjye na mushiki we bavukiye ahantu hatandukanye: umuhungu wo muri Odessa, umukobwa wabereye mu mudugudu afite izina rigoye rya Koookell, kuva 1948 yahinduwe izina. Nyuma, umuryango wubatswe nabandi banyamuryango babiri - wobbo (boris) hamwe nibara ry'umuyugubwe (masha).
Kuva mu myaka ya mbere ya Lida yakuze akikijwe n'incuti zikomeye z'ababyeyi. Mu nzu yabo, Fromari Shalyapin, Vladimir Mayakovsky, Leonid Andreev, Ilya Rehon, Vladimir Korolenko, kandi ibi, ndetse no kuragira, ntibishobora kugira ingaruka ku mwuga uzaza.
Kugira amashuri yubuvanganzo nubuvanganzo byabonetse muri Gymnasium y'abagore Lyubov Tagantevaya no mu Ishuri rya nyuma No 15, Lidiya mu gihe cya nyuma bwanditswe mu ishami rya Giia yo mu magambo rya Giia iriho, riba risa mu gusura amasomo ya Stenografi.
Kubwamahirwe, kugirango arangize umunyeshuri we muri kaminuza, umunyeshuri yabujijwe gufata no kohereza "mubutayu no muri Saratov". Umugizi wa nabi yashinjwaga gukora gatabo imwe yo kurwanya Sovieti, akaba ntaho yari afite: ukuboko ku mpapuro zo kwiyamamaza zashyize umukunzi we, nta bisabwa, nkoresheje imashini yacapwe. Murakoze gusaba no gutabara Data aho kuba mumyaka itatu, umukobwa yagumye mumezi 11.
Ibisobanuro birambuye muri uyu mudugudu wa Chikovskaya byasobanuwe mu nkuru ya autobiografiya "umucukuzi", n'uko yavugaga ko abaturage babayeho mu buryo buhebuje, kandi burya yatangaye ko abazima mu buryo buhebuje, kandi burya yamenyesheje ko abatuye mu mabaruwa yo mu Cyongereza ndetse n'inzandiko zihuta. Hari mu rwego rwo kurangaza ibitekerezo bibabaje ndetse n'imyidagaduro itunguranye, yanze rwose gufatanya na NKVD, yatangiye gukora imyitozo mu nyandiko ibisigo n'inkuru.
Umujyi, utangaje ugenda mu mihanda y'ingamiya, kamere idasanzwe n'ibyiza ku isi, ntiyibagiwe kandi akenshi yibukwa muri diariariari.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Imirongo ya 1930 yahawe umukobwa mukuru Kornee Ivanovich, wahamagaye umwana w'umuntu mukuru, umubyinnyi ukomeye kandi yishimira ubugingo bwe bwera, buvuguruzanya ku byabaye mu buzima bwe bwite. Mu 1929, umukobwa yashakanye n'abanegura kwa Kayisari, nyuma yimyaka 2, muri Kanama, na nyina wa murumuna we Mariya, yapfuye azize igituntu .
Ubukwe bwa mugenzi we bwabaye igihe gito: Mu 1933, abashakanye badafite "cyangwa abayimoni umwe, baratandukanye. Ariko ibizazane, cyangwa ahubwo byakorewe, byamuhaye urukundo nyarwo - hamwe na Matlay Bronstone Muhinduzi "Umwana" yinjiye mu mateka ya Helium, aho bakoraga mu gikorwa cya Samuel marshak.
"Kora ku gitabo cyatuzanye hafi. Mubyukuri, yashakanye nabashakanye. Ishyingiranwa ryacu ntitwihishe umuntu uwo ari we wese, ariko igihe runaka bahatiwe kubaho. Ibikorwa bihuriweho n'ubuvanganzo byatubereye nk'urugendo rw'ubukwe. Lydia yaranditse ati: "Bose uko ari uko turi mu rukundo: MIRSA nanjye ndinze, Marshak muri Bronstein."Ibintu byose byahinduye amaraso 1937: Filekical Physics Physics yafatiwe muri Kanama, nkuko byagaragaye mugihe kizaza, arasa nyuma y'amezi atandatu. Umugabo wa mbere wa Chikovskaya yabayeho igihe gito - mu 1941, umugabo yapfuye mu gihe cyo kwimurwa kuva ku ya Leningrad yagoswe mu "nzira y'ubuzima".
Abagabo bakunda umugore bakomeje mubikorwa byabo: kubyerekeye umubyeyi, watanze kumenyera Blok, Nikolai Gumilev, Nikolai Gumilev, Nikoli Mandelstam, Yuri Tynanov, Yuri Tynanov, Yuri Tynkav, Maxim Gorky, yabwiye "Kwibuka ubwana. Kwibuka ukizana kwa Chukovsky ", hafi y'uwo mwashakanye wa kabiri - mu" Dashboard "na" Sophie Petrovna ", aho yazamuye ingingo mbi z'iterabwoba kandi" abantu bose ".
Ibitabo
Amaze kugaruka avuye kumurongo Chikovskaya yafashe amasomo nakazi ke - arangije avuye ku mashuri ya Leaningrad ajugunywa na Samuel Marshak n '"abana". Gutuza mu nzu yatangajwe n'icyamamare (yeguriwe kwibuka "muri laboratoire y'umwanditsi") yarenze ku kimwe na kimwe cya kabiri cy'abakozi batawe muri yombi, abandi bagize amahirwe bashoboye gukuraho kwirukana.Mu ntambara ikomeye yo gukunda igihugu, Lidiya, hamwe na mwishywa n'umukobwa we, yimukira i Chistopoli, yimukira ava i Tashkent, hanyuma yongera kuba i Dascou, hanyuma ajya i Moscou, yongeye gufata ibikorwa by'Urwibutso mu "isi nshya ", ongeraho kandi unyigisha kumasomo yo hejuru.
Ingero ya mbere y'ikaramu ("Leningrad - Odessa", "inkuru ya Taras Shevchenko"), umwanditsi w'impano yatangajwe munsi y'impande z'Abaleuxei. Abakurikira, Bibliografiya yazunguye "amateka y'icyubahiro kimwe", "N. N. Miklukho-Maclay, "na Duma" wa Heris, Boris Zhitkov, nibindi.
Inzu yo mu murimo w'umwanditsi ni umuhuza w '"inyandiko kuri Anne Akhmatova", aho yari ifite ubucuti burebure kandi bususurutse, bukaba yarashyigikiye imbuto Alexander Solzhenitsyn na Boris Pasnak, ibaruwa ifunguye kuri Mikhail Sholokhov na "inzira idasanzwe. Inyandiko y'imyitwarire y'ubuvanganzo. " Mubikorwa byanyuma, ibyabaye 1974 byasobanuwe muburyo burambuye - urwuri rwatanzwe nubumwe bwabanditsi no kubuzwa nyuma (kurasa mu 1987.
Ntabwo abaremye bonyine bo muri "archipelago bo muri Gulag gusa" na "Dr. ZHIVAGO" bagerageje kurinda umurage wumusizi wa korni Chikovsky yakundaga cyane. Umugore yinjiye muri Joseph Brodsky, Alexander Ginzburg, Andrei Sinavsky, Julia Daniyeli, Mustafa gemilev.
Urupfu
Kugeza igihe ubuzima bwe burebure (utazwi cyane mbere yo kwizihiza isabukuru yimyaka 90) Lidiya Korneevna afite imyaka 2 gusa). Nk'uko andi makuru, 8) (urupfu rwaje kubera impamvu karemano), ntabwo rwaje kubera impamvu karemano), ntibyabaye inzira ye y'ibisigo n'iyamamaza.
Turashimira "urupfu", icyegeranyo cye cyasohotse muri 2019, abasomyi bahuye n'iminsi y'imperuka ya Marina na Tssweeva, kwibuka mu ishuri Andrei Sakharov na The Whigo Vigorova.
Bibliografiya
- 1931 - "Umugani wa Taras Shevchenko"
- 1940 - "Amateka Yimyigaragaro rimwe"
- 1948 - "N. N. Miklukho-Maclay "
- 1955 - "BORIS ZHITKOv"
- 1960 - "Muri Laboratoire y'Umuyobozi"
- 1965 - Sophia Petrovna ("Inzu Yinzu")
- 1966 - "kandi duma" herzen "
- 1970 - "Imivugo yakazi nimpeshyi: Ijambo ryibanze // Ibisigo (S. A. Radovich)"
- 1972 - "Amanuka munsi y'amazi"
- 1976 - "Ijambo rifunguye"
- 1980 - "Inyandiko kuri Anna Akhmatova"
- 1989 - "Kwibuka ubwana. Kwibuka gukiza chukovsky "
- 1990 - "Inzira Zidasanzwe"
- 2011 - "L. Panteleev - L. Chukovskaya. Inzandiko (1929-1987) "
- 2019 - "PAPELNESE"