Ubuzima
Elizabeth Petrovna - Umusomyi w'Uburusiya, wabaye uhagarariye uwa nyuma mu ngoma ya Roma yo muri Romanov ku murongo w'umugore. Yinjiye mu mateka y'Uburusiya nka guverinoma ishimishije, kuko yari afite ishyaka ryavuzwe ku nkombe nziza kandi imyidagaduro ikomeye.
Imyaka y'ingoma ye ntiyaranzwe cyane cyane ku byagezweho cyane, ariko yayoboye abigiranye ubuhanga no kuyobora mu mitwe ya politiki, bituma akomeza gufata intebe y'imyaka 20. Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, Elizabeti nagize uruhare runini mu guteza imbere umuco n'umurima w'igihugu, kandi nanone nashoboraga kuzana ingabo z'Uburusiya mu ntsinzi zitandukanye z'ibinyoma.
Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Elizabeth Petrovna yavutse ku ya 29 Ukuboza 1709 mu mudugudu wa Sel. Kolomese. Yabaye umukobwa utarahamamataliya w'amaguru ya Tsar Peter Jye na Marthas ya Skavon (Catherine I), nuko yakiriye izina ry'abatware imyaka 2 gusa nyuma yo kuvuka mu itorero. Mu 1721, nyuma yo kuzamurwa kwa Petero ngiye ku ntebe y'ibwami, Elizabeti na mushiki we Anna Petrovna bakiriye imitwe ya Tilasarena, yabaga abaragwa byemewe ku ntebe y'ubwami.
Umusore Elizabeti yari umukobwa wumwami wakunzwe cyane Petero, ariko abona Data ni gake. Tsarevna Natalia Natalia Alekseevna (kavukire ya nyirasenge ku murongo wa se) n'umuryango wa Alexander Menshikov, mugenzi wa Peter Alekseevich, yakoraga uburere bwe.
Ntabwo baremereye umuhango uzaza wo kwiga - byagize uruhare rwose mu kwiga igifaransa no guteza imbere kwandika ukuboko kwiza. Yakiriye kandi ku rundi ndimi z'amahanga, geografiya n'amateka, ariko ntibashishikajwe na Tsearevna, bityo ntiyita igihe cyose kugira ngo bamwite ku bwiza bwe no guhitamo ibyuzuye.
Mu rubyiruko rwa Elizabeti, Petrovna yagendeye ubwiza bwa mbere mu gikari, yari afite imbyino neza, yatandukanijwe n'ubushobozi n'ubuhanga. Imyenda ye yo kuzuzwa n'imyambaro mishya, cyane cyane yakunze imyenda idoda zahabu na feza (ukurikije umugani wabo mu mperuka ya Elizabeti yageze ku bihumbi 15).
Iyo mico yagize "ikigo gikuru" cyimishinga ya diplomasi - Peter rurubakiye gahunda yo gutanga umukobwa wo gushaka umukobwa Louis XV kandi kuri Duke wa Orleans, ariko amabuye y'agaciro, ariko amabuye y'agaciro, ariko amabuye y'agaciro, ariko amabuye y'agaciro asubiza afite ikinyabupfura. Nyuma yibyo, amashusho ya Zesarevna yoherezwa mu batware bo mu Budage, ariko ashishikajwe na Elizabeth Karl-Kanama, yapfiriye i St. Petersburg, kandi atabakira igicaniro.
Nyuma y'urupfu rwa Petero mukuru na Catherine Alekseevna, ibibazo byo kurwanya ubukwe bwa Elizabeti byarahagaze. Hanyuma Tsarevna yahawe burundu imyidagaduro, ibyo akunda no kubyuka ku gikari, ariko arangiza ingoma ya mubyara, Anna John, yambuwe ibintu byiza kandi yirukanwa kuri Alegizandere Slobod. Ariko rero, societe yabonye muri Elizabet Petrovna Heiress Yukuri Peter Mare ikomeye, nuko inyigisho z'imbaraga zatangiye kwigaragaza, atangira kwitegura gusohoza uburenganzira bwabo bwo gutegeka.
Kuzamuka ku ntebe y'ubwami
Umutwe w'Abasongalili Elizabeth Petrovna yakiriye ab'igisubizo cya "nta maraso" yatangajwe na 1741. Yabaye nta bugambanyi, kubera ko Umugambanyi ataharanira cyane cyane imbaraga kandi ntiyiyereka ko politiki ikomeye ya politiki. Mu gihe cyo guhirika ubutegetsi, nta gahunda yari afite, ariko yari itwikiriwe n'igitekerezo cy'ishuri rye bwite, cyatewe inkunga n'abaturage n'abakuru bagaragaje ko batanyuzwe kubera Zasili y'abanyamahanga mu Rukiko, Tapal wo mu Burusiya Abanyacyubahiro, Sercdom yongerera hamwe n'Imisoro.
Mu ijoro ryo ku ya 24-25, 1741, Elizaveta Petrovna, ashyigikiye umuntu wizewe n'umujyanama w'ibanga, Johann Lestok yageze mu kigo cya mbere cya mbere kandi arera Grenadier Roth. Abasirikare bahoraga bemera ko bamuhishurira imbaraga z'ubu kandi igice cy'abantu 308 berekeje ingoro y'itumba, aho Therevna yatangaje ku ngoma, yisesha imbaraga z'Ubutegetsi, Abami, John Antontovich na benewabo bose baturutse mu bwoko Braunschweigaigov bari Yafashwe kandi atyaza imbere y'abihaye Imana ya Soovetsky.
Urebye imiterere yo kuzamuka intebe ya Elizabeth Jyewe, uwambere washyizweho umukono na Manifeste ninyandiko, akurikije aho ari umurage wemewe w'intebe nyuma y'urupfu rwa Petero wa Tigi kabiri. Nyuma yibyo, yatangaje inzira ya politiki, agamije gusubiza umurage wa Petero Mukuru.
Muri icyo gihe, yihutiye guhemba bagenzi babo bamufashaga kujya ku ntebe y'ubwami: Rota ya Grenadiers yo mu rwego rwa Prebrazhensky yahinduwe ku isosiyete ya Prebrazhensy, n'abasirikare bose badafite imizi y'icyubahiro barumiwe mu banyacyubahiro kandi bariyongereye mu nzego. Bose bahawe ibihugu byambuwe mu baturage.
Coronation Elizabeth Petrovna yabaye muri Mata 1742. Yanyuze hamwe na lush idasanzwe na chic. Icyo gihe nibwo Umusonga wimyaka 32 yagaragaje urukundo rwe ku isura nziza na masquerad. Mu gihe cy'ibyabaye, imbabazi nyinshi zatangajwe, kandi abantu baririmbaga guha ikaze guverinoma nshya, bashoboye kwirukana abategetsi b'Abadage maze aba uwatsinze "ibintu by'amahanga" mu maso yabyo.
Inteko Nyobozi
Nadev Koronu kandi yemeza ko inkunga no kwemezwa na sosiyete y'impinduka, Elizabeti NYUMA YO MU BIKORWA BYAGARAGARA HAMWE. Muri we, Umugasizi mu buryo bukabije bwerekana ibimenyetso by'uburenganzira ku ntebe ya Ivan VI kandi aregwa imigati y'Ubudage n'inshuti zabo z'Abarusiya.
Kubera iyo mpamvu, ibyo akunda uwahoze ari Umusonga wa Levenwold, Minih, Osterman, Gollevkin na Mengden bakatiwe urwoboroga, ariko muri Mengden bakatiwe urwoborohereza kandi bajyanwa mu bunyage muri Siberiya, bafashe icyemezo cyo kwerekana ko uzihanganira.
Kuva mu minsi ya mbere ku ntebe ya Elizabeti natangiye guhimbaza "Ibikorwa bya Petrovys" - Yagaruye Sena, umucamanza w'ingenzi, ikibaho cy'intara, icyo gihe cyo gukora. Mu gice cy'Aya mashami, ashyira abo bahagarariye abaturage bari mu kanwa ka guverinoma yabanjirije cyangwa kuri Leta yari abarinzi basanzwe.
Rero, Peter Shuvalov, Mikhail Vorontsov, Alexey Beeuzhev-Ryumin, Alexey Cherkasi, Alexey Cherkasi, Alexey Cherkasi, Alexey Cherkasi, Alexey Cherkasi, Nikita Trubetkaya, akaboko kwa mbere kwa Elizaveta Petrovna, yahagurukiye ku buyobozi bwa guverinoma y'igihugu. Elizaveta Petrovna yakoze ubumuntu bukomeye bw'ubuzima rusange, yoroheje amategeko agera ku babyeyi, ateganya Kara ya Rigid kuri Ruswa na Treasure, ku nshuro ya mbere mu myaka 100 yakuyeho igihano cy'urupfu.
Byongeye kandi, Umubungo yitaye ku iterambere ry'umuco - ni ukumenya ko abashakashatsi bafite intangiriro yo kumurikirwa, kuko mu Burusiya, kaminuza ya Moscou na Ishuri ry'ubuhanzi ryaguwe.
Amaze kurangiza intambwe yambere muri politiki yo murugo, Umugorozi yitangiye ubuzima bwurukiko, amayeri nirari. Umwamikazi ntabwo yahishe ubushake bwa Masquerads na Bales buri gihe. Umugabuso yari imyenda y'abagabo, bityo yakundaga gutegura abasore guhimba abashyitsi: abagabo mu myamba y'abagore, n'abagore bari mu bagabo. Gukunda ubuzima bwisi byahujwe nimiterere yumwamikazi nububaha cyane. Elizabeth Petrovna azwiho kuba urusaku rwo gutembera mu kigoga kinini gihaza.
Ubuyobozi bw'Ingoma yahise bunyura mu maboko y'ibyo akunda - Alexey Razumavsky na Peter Shuvalov. Hariho verisiyo Razumavsky yari umugabo wibanga wa Elizabeti Petrovna, ariko icyarimwe yari umuntu wiyoroshya cyane wari ugifashe muri politiki ikomeye. Kubwibyo, Shuvalov muri 1750 hafi yigenga yayoboye igihugu.
Nyamara ibyagezweho na Elizabeth I hamwe n'ibisubizo by'Inama y'Ubutegetsi byayo ntibishobora kwitwa zeru ku gihugu. Murakoze ku ivugurura ryayo rikorerwa ku bushake bw'abikunda, gasutamo y'imbere yahagaritswe mu Bwami bw'Uburusiya, yihutishije iterambere ry'ubucuruzi no kwihangira imirimo.
Yakomeje kandi amahirwe y'abanyacyubahiro abana babo baturutse kubyara byanditswe mu kirango bwa Leta, kandi mugihe cyumurimo bari mu gisirikare bari basanzwe barwa bakuru. Hamwe n'itegeko ryayo, Umusopite wahaye uburenganzira bwa ba nyir'ubutaka kugira ngo bakemure "iherezo" ry'abahinzi - baremerewe kugurisha abantu ngo bacuruza, kubahuza na Siberiya. Ibi byateje impaka zirenga 60 mu gihugu, ejondsekere yahagaritse ubugome cyane.
Elizabeth Petrovna ku ngoma agakora amabanki mashya mu gihugu, yateje imbere gukora ibikorwa, ibyo bikaba byakorewe mu gasozi, ariko imikurire yubukungu mu Burusiya iragenda yiyongera. Yakoze kandi politiki ikomeye y'ububanyi n'amahanga - ari mu nkuru ya EMPESES ebyiri mu ntambara (Ikirusiya-Igisuwede n'imyaka irindwi), yagaruye ubutware bwatewe n'igihugu mu Burayi.
Hamwe n'ibikorwa by'Uburomani, hagaragaye uburyo bw'izina mu bubiko - Elizabethan Baroque ihujwe. Hamwe na Elizabeti, ingoro y'imbeho yongeye kubakwaga i St. Petersburg, ibwami ry'ibiti, byarasenyutse nyuma y'uko indege ya Catherine Selo yarangiye, naho Petershof yongeye kubakwa. Kubaka inyubako byakozwe hakurikijwe ubuyobozi bw'Urukiko Inkomoko y'Ibitabo - Bartolomeo Francesco Rastrelli.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Ubuzima bwite Elizabeth Petrovna ntabwo yakuye mu buto. Nyuma yo kugerageza kwa Petero gukomeye "neza" gutanga umukobwa wo kurongora Ikarevna yanze gushyingirwa, amuhitamo ubuzima bukabije n'ibahasha yo gukabije. Hariho verisiyo EMPRES GERAS GERAS GISI YIHUZA N'UBUVUGIZI BWA ALEXEI Razumovsky, ariko nta mpapuro zemeje ubwo bumwe, ntizarinzwe.
Muri 1750, guverinoma yatangiye gukundwa. Babaye inshuti mikhail lomonosova Ivan Shuvalov, wari usomye neza kandi wize. Birashoboka ko ayobowe na Elizabeth Petrovna yishora mu iterambere ry'umuco w'igihugu. Nyuma y'urupfu rwa guverinoma, yaguye muri guverinoma nshya, ku buryo ku ngoma ya Catherine II yahatiwe kwihisha mu mahanga.
Nyuma y'urupfu rw'Ubukongoma w'umwami, mu rukiko, twagize imbaga y'ababihuru ku bana b'ibanga ba Elizabeti. Muri sosiyete, byizeraga ko Umubuminezamu yari afite umuhungu udasanzwe ukomoka muri Razumavsky n'umukobwa ukomoka i Shuvalov. Ibi "byabyutse" imbaga y'abashukanyi, babonaga ko bana bana babonaga abana b'ibwami, bazwi cyane muri bo babaye umwamikazi Tarakanov, bavugwa ko ari Elizabeti Vladimir.
Urupfu
Urupfu rwa Elizabeti Petrovna rwaje ku ya 5 Mutarama 1762. Mu mwaka wa 53 w'ubuzima bw'Uburomani bwapfuye kuva amaraso. Abashakashatsi babona ko kuva 1757 ubuzima bwa Guverinoma yatangiye kwangirika imbere y'amaso: yari afite igicuri, kubura umwuka, amazuru atandukanye, kubyimba ku nkombero yo hepfo. Yagombaga kugabanya ubuzima bw'urukiko, yimura imipira myiza n'ubuhanga mu mateka.
Mu ntangiriro ya 1761, Elizabeth natumye BronchopNeNonia iremereye, yayiteguye ku buriri. Umwaka ushize w'ubuzima bw'Ubumokazi wari urwaye cyane, yahoraga afite umuriro ukonje. Mbere y'urupfu rwe, Elizabeti Petrovna yari afite inkororo yateye, yatumye hakurya kuva mu muhogo. Utiriwe uhangana n'indwara, Umugabekazi yapfiriye mu buruhukiro bwe.
Ku ya 5 Gashyantare 1762, umurambo w'umusambuzi Elizabeth n'icyubahiro zashyinguwe muri Petero na Paul Kathedrale ya St. Petersburg. Umuragwa wa Elizabeti nabaye umwishywa, Peter Ulrich Holchtinsky, ni nde umwami w'abami amaze gutangazwa, yahinduwe Peter III Fegorovich. Abashakashatsi bahamagaye iyi ihererekanyabubasha ku bubabare bw'inama yose yo mu kinyejana cya XVIILI.
Kwibuka
Ibyabaye kuri biografiya ya Elizabeth Petrovna akenshi byabaye inkuru yamateka kumubare wamateka yeguriwe ibihe bya xviiii. Mubikorwa bizwi cyane byubuvanganzo, aho izina ry'Umuso wabo riboneka, Nina Syrotokina na "Jalnetine"'s "'" "" "" "".
Muri Cinema Elizabeti, Petromarna yabaye herne ya mikhail lomonosov, "hagati!", "Vivat, Martherherins!", "GOTHERINE", "Greatherine". Abahanzi b'Abarusiya bahindura ishusho y'umwamikazi, Natalia Tsaplakova, Natalia Guhurava, Julia Aug, Natalia Surkov. Mu mahanga, uruhare rw'umwamikazi rwakinnye Tina Lattanzi, Vanessa Redgrave, Zhanna Moro.