Ubuzima
Iherezo ry'Abasoviyeti ba Jacobé Blumkin riracyakomeza kuvanga ukuri no kugira imigani. Umukunzi wa hafi w'intare impinduramatwara impinduramatwara yiyemeje ingendo z'ubucuruzi z'amahanga z'ubucuruzi, ayo mayobera yahoze ari umushyitsi. Ishusho ya Blumikina yafashwe ku mpapuro z'amateka kandi mu bikorwa byinshi by'ubuhanzi, muri iyo hame ya Enanova ya Julian Semenova "hamwe na televiziyo" na televiziyo "bifata ahantu hamwe.Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Biography Yakov Grigorievich Blumkin kuva mu ntangiriro yari amayobera mu mateka y'Uburusiya n'abanyamahanga. Ibinyuranye byambere bireba itariki nahantu havutse ushinzwe ubutanganire, mu bibazo bye bwite byanditse, byavukiye mu muryango wa Odesa wo ku ya 25 Werurwe 1900. Aya makuru ntabwo yahuye n'amakuru y'abashakashatsi bizeraga ko Blumikin yakomotse kuri Minisitiri w'Ubutegetsi w'Umujyi wabereye mu mujyi wa Lember-Hogro-Hockg (LOV), wavutse mu 1898.
Se wa Yakobo, yemeye orotodogisi mu 1914, igihe ingabo z'Uburusiya zateraga ifasi ya Otirishiya-Hongiriya, hanyuma, muri bo, liva-miremire-liva itura muri Odessa.
Muri iki gihe, abana barangije ishuri ku bakene b'ubwenegihugu b'Abayahudi batangira gushaka inyungu zigenga. Abakuru bakuru blumikin intare na ISAi bageze ku ntsinzi mu rwego rw'itangazamakuru, kandi Yasha ubwe nk'inyamankuba n'umukozi w'ikinamico, uruganda rwa Cam na Tram.
Mu 1917, igihe amashyaka ya politiki atandukanye yateye imbere mu Burusiya, umusore wa politiki atandukanye yinjiye mu Burusiya yinjiye mu basosiyete y'impinduramatwara maze aba umuhigi mu matora ajya mu Nteko NSHINGA. Muri icyo gihe, ubururu bwinshi mu maboko ye yagize uruhare mu kurandura Pogroms y'Abayahudi kandi yarwanye n'abahagarariye RADA nkuru muri Ukraine.
Kwirwanaho, urubyiruko rwaratowe na Mose Vinernitsky, rwahawe icyubahiro n'icyiciro cy'Ubuyapani arihishwa, maze aba umwe mu bagize itsinda ry'agateganyo, mu 1918 ryambuye banki ya Leta Odessa.
Intsinzi y'ibikorwa yatanze Biro ishinzwe kuba umunyamuryango wa mu gasozi y'abakorerabushake wa Odessa kandi igafashanya na Mikhail Muravyev, yarinze, umusore we wahawe umwanya mu ishami rya Moscou rya HCC. Undi muntu ucecetse Ijambo Yakobo yari umusizi n'amatame by'amahanga ku izina ry'uko Erdman, igice cyayoboye anarchiste rw'umurwa mukuru kandi akusanya amakuru ku murongo wa politiki w'ingwate.
Ibikorwa bya politiki n'imibereho
Umwuga wa Moscow Blumikina yatangiye mu 1918 uhereye ku mwanya w'abayobozi b'amashami kugira ngo barwanye amabere no kwitegereza ambasade y'amahanga. Muri uyu mwanya, Yakov muri sosiyete ya Nikolai Andreeva yinjiye mu biro bihagarariye Ubudage mu Burusiya kandi yakoze iyicwa ry'abadipolomate w'Ubudage von Mirbach-Harff-Harff.Iki cyaha cyari intangiriro yo kwigomeka kwa Essel y'ibumoso, yategetse Guverinoma ya Bolsheviks, nyuma yo kunanirwa kwa Blumikina yatangaje ko ari iterabwoba kandi ahatirwa kujya mu mwanya utemewe. Yihishe munsi y'amazina ya Belov na Vishnevsky, Yakov yabonye akazi muri komisari ya Kimrinsky, hanyuma yimukira muri Ukraine maze yinjira mu nkuge y'ubuso bw'amasomyi, ashingiye i Kiev.
Mu 1918-1919, ku mategeko y'ubuyobozi bw'Ishyaka, Blumkin yagize uruhare mu gutegura ibigeragezo kuri hetman wa Scorchelovsky, Ubudage Felldrarshal Hermann von Eichgorn n'umuyobozi wa Richmil Kolchak. Hanyuma, ibyumweru bike bya Yakobo amara mu bunyage bwamatungo yitwaje intwaro, mugikorwa cyo kwica urubozo, byangiza umubiri byabonetse kandi byatakaje amenyo yimbere.
Nyuma yo kuvurwa igihe kirekire, bagenzi bacu blumykin kandi bahemukiye kandi bakijije imbabazi z'abagize komisiyo yihutirwa yo mu Burusiya kugira ngo barwanye amakimbirane-impinduramatwara na sabotage. Uwahoze ari Erah yateye ubwoba kurasa, ariko kubera gutabaza kwa Leo Danovich Trotsky, igihano cy'urupfu cyasimbuwe n'umurimo wo gukosora ku mpanuka y'impinduramatwara.
Natangiye kwishyura icyaha cya Yakov mu ngabo za Flotilla ya Caspiya, hanyuma yinjira mu mutekano bwite wa komiser ya Abasoviyeti n'ibibazo by'abasirikare. Tumaze gukwiriye ikizere cy'abanyamuryango b'ishyaka riri ku butegetsi, Blumikin yarangije amasomo yihariye ya RKKA kandi nk'umukozi wa GPU yagiye mu rugendo rw'akazi mu Buperesi. Ngaho, Yakov yagize uruhare mu myigaragambyo y'abayoboke ba Khan Ehsanlaly kandi igihe runaka yakoze inshingano z'umuryango wa gisirikare w'abakozi ba Krasnoarmy.
Mu 1920, Blumkin yasubiye i Moscou, ahinduka umunyamuryango w'ishyaka rya RCP (B), amasomo yatsinze abashinzwe amahugurwa n'abakozi bashinzwe iperereza. Iyo mpera, Bolshevik nshya yateye Bolshevik yamenyesheje indimi za Turukiya, iyarabu, Abanyamerika, Mongoliya no kubona ubumenyi bwa Spyware yagize uruhare mu kuzamura politiki na politiki.
Muburyo bushya bwa Yakov Grigorievich yayoboye iperereza ku rubanza rwo kunyereza agaciro indangagaciro ziva muri Leta ya nakorfomfin. Mu gushakisha abagizi ba nabi, mu gihe cy'ihimbwe ya Jhanga Isaeva yafashe urugendo rw'ubucuruzi mu murwa mukuru wa Esitoniya igezweho kandi atanga raporo ku nshingano n'amabuye.
Nk'uko abashakashatsi bavuga ko iyi page ya biografiya y'Umuryango w'ubutasi w'Uburusiya yakomeje "diyama ya Emenov" yo mu gitabo cya Evgeny Matnina "Yakov Blumkin : Ikosa ryo guturamo "na filime documentaire yitwa" Umwanzi wawe wa Stalin ".
Ikintu kiranga chekist mumateka yagaragaye. Kuva mu 1922, yabaye ancwant adnetant of Onger Trotsky, warwanyaga imbaraga za Yozefu wenyine, amaherezo yirukanwa mu gihugu.
Indi myuka ya Blumikina yari umuyobozi wa PHC Felix Edmundovich Djwerzhinsky, wampaye umusore mu ishami ry'ububanyi n'amahanga rya Ogpu kandi amutera utuye mu buryo butuye mu buryo bw'Abasoviyeti muri Palesitine. Ku bufatanye n'umukozi wa Serebryansky Yakov, amakuru ari mu bikorwa byo mu burasirazuba bwo mu burasirazuba bwabahoze ari abingesho maze yinjizwa mu bagize umuryango mpuzamahanga.
Mu 1924, ubutumwa busanzwe bwa Rolumkin bwari urugamba rwo kurwanya magendu mu mijyi ya Transcaucase, guhagarika inyeshyamba zo kurwanya muri Jeworujiya no gukemura ibibazo bitavugwaho rumwe na Turukiya, Ubuperesi na USSR. Muri icyo gihe, Abaskuti bakoraga rwihishwa muri Afuganisitani kandi bashaka guhuza abahagarariye ishami rya Islamu ba Islamu babaye mu Buhinde munsi y'Ubuhinde - Dervish.
Urugendo rwa Tibet
Mu 1924-1928, Blumkin yagiye mu ngendo yo hagati ya Nikolai Roerich, intego nyamukuru yacyo yari ishyirahamwe ry'imisoro rusange muri Tibet no guhirika umutegetsi waho wa Dalai Lama Xiii. Dukurikije fotokopi y'inyandiko n'ububiko, umwenda rusange w'abashakashatsi wagombaga gushakisha ibimenyetso by'imico ya kera no kumenya umujyi w'amayobera.
Nk'uko amakuru yemewe, ubutumwa bwa Roerich na Blumikin byarangiye kunanirwa, ariko abashakashatsi n'abashakashatsi bakunze kubibona. Hashingiwe ku makuru yo gutangazwa, amateka y'iteka ry'Abasoviyeti yaje ku buryo yasangaga atekereza ko Yakov yasuye ingoro yo munsi kandi ahura n'imikorere y'imyaka ibihumbi n'ibihangano by'imico yazimiye.
Mu rwego rwo kuryonjaga, Yakov yasezeranije umutegetsi waho kugira ngo ategure itangwa ry'intwaro zigezweho n'inguzanyo ya zahabu muri Banki ya Leta ya Soviets.
Nyuma, mugihe cy'ibajijwe, Blumkin yasobanuwe mu buryo burambuye imbunda zagaragaye zigamije gutunganya zahabu kandi ultrasonic kandi yemeye kohereza aya makuru mu mugezo w'ubutasi ku Budage kuri Stalch. Byongeye kandi, gutanga raporo ku gikorwa cyo muri Tibet hamwe n'ubutumwa bwakurikiyeho muri Constantinople no mu burasirazuba bwa Yakov byoherejwe ku batavuga rumwe na Trotsky. Yarangije umwuga we wa politiki kandi watumye atabwa muri yombi mu 1929.
Blumykin na creative yubwenge
Mubuzima bwa buri munsi, Blumikin yari inshuti nabakozi benshi b'umuco n'ubuhanzi. Icyamamare cyane kuva aziranye ni abasipo Vladimir mayakovsky, vadim schenevich na anatolay matongoof.
Kuzenguruka mu ruziga rw'abanditsi n'icyo gihe Theatrots, Yakov wateje ibikorwa by'impinduramatwara kandi yavugaga kugerageza no kwica nta mbogamizi. Mu masosiyete yasinze, umugongo ushinzwe iperereza yangijwe n'amaboko y'abahanga mu by'amateka y'ubuhanzi n'abanditsi, kandi iyo umusizi amaze kugwa munsi y'ukuboko kwe gushyushye.
Muri Moscou, Blumikina yakunze kugaragara muri Sergey Yesenin, uwo yahuye mu iteraniro rya kaminuza y'imibereho mu 1918. Nyuma yaho, Yakov yafashije umusizi kwirinda guta muri yombi no gufungwa, kandi akurikije raporo zimwe na zimwe, yagize uruhare mu iyicwa mu cyumba cya Hotel ya St. Petersburg ya Imazhinist.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Mu 1919, muka Zakov aba umukobwa w'umwanditsi na Playwaght Isaac Feinerman - Tatiana. Umukobwa wari uw'intore za Moscow babanaga n'abaskuti imyaka 6, hanyuma kubera impamvu zitazwi ubukwe bwatandukanijwe.
Mwana witwa Martin, yavutse mu 1926. Rought by nyina, arakura inkunga amayagwa Data, uwahavuye akunda y'abakozi ba ishami mahanga ya CC Lisa Rosenzweig.
Igihe Blumikina yarafashwe, Tatiana ahindura izina rya Isakov, ariko ingaruka zinyobo y'abanzi b'abantu bagira ingaruka mu myaka mike, nyuma y'intambara ikomeye yo gukunda igihugu.
Mu 1950, nyuma y'uwo mwashakanye, yatawe muri yombi maze gukatirwa igifungo cy'imyaka 10 aregwa ibikorwa by'impinduramatwara yanditswe mu ngingo ya 58 ya Kode ya RSFS.
Ifatwa n'urupfu
Serivise ya Blumikin yatangaje abayoboke b'intangarugero b'inyigisho za Bolshevik kandi bakira ibiranga byiza bivuye ku bayobozi b'ishami ry'ububanyi n'amahanga rya Ogpu.
Ariko, mu gihe cy'izuba mu 1929, umuturage yatangiye gukekwa kubera umwanzi w'abantu na Lvom Trotsky. Bitewe n'umuyobozi utavuga rumwe n'ubugenzuzi bw'Ubutumwa bwa Elizabeti Zarubina, abashinzwe iperereza rya Yakov, kandi ibyo byatumye bata muri yombi, kubazwa no gukurikira.
Dukurikije verisiyo yemewe, Blumikina yakatiwe gushyira mu bikorwa ibikorwa bigamije kurwanya abantu b'Abasoviyeti ndetse n'abayobozi ba Bolshevik, ariko abashakashatsi bemeza ko impamvu y'urupfu rw'ubwenge ari amakuru yakiriwe mu rugendo rwa Tibet, ndetse n'umuntu ku giti cye Kwihorera Joseph Jugashvili.
Ariko, ukuri kuracyabitswe ibanga hamwe nibisobanuro birambuye ku ishyirwa mu bikorwa rya Yakov Blumkin, byabaye hagati ya 8 Ugushyingo na 12 Ukuboza 1929. Kubijyanye no gushyingura hamwe nijwi ryumukozi wa Soviet hamwe nabaskuti naryo ntakintu kizwi.