Biography
Ikamva lomhlali waseSoviet Jozet Blumkin isengumxube wenyani kunye neentsomi. I-comrade esondeleyo yeNgenxa ye-quoskiry quotsky tuoneod ye-painsen yeShishini langaphandle, eyona nto ingaqondakaliyo yayinguloliwe oye kwiTibet. Umfanekiso weBlumikina ubanjiwe kumaphepha embali kunye nenani lemisebenzi yobugcisa, phakathi kwenoveli kaJulian Semenova "iidayimani ze-proletariating" kunye neTecevin "indawo yokuhlala.Ubuntwana noLutsha
I-bigography yakov grigorievich blumkin kwasekuqaleni yayiyimfihlakalo yababhali-mbali baseRussia nabangaphandle. Iimpawu zokuqala zokuqala ezichaphazelekayo kumhla kunye nendawo yokuzalwa kwegosa lobukrelekrele elizayo, nto leyo eyabhalwa kwikhwelo lakhe lemibuzo, elalizelwe kwi-Odessar Service-Sure-protaris ngo-Matshi 25, 1900. Olu lwazi alungqinelani nedatha yabaphandi ababekholelwa ukuba iBlumikin yayiyinzala yomphathiswa weSixeko eyayihlala kwi-Auler-ringary iGemberg (yanamhlanje), yazalwa ngonyaka ka-1898.
Utata kaYakobi, uSHerlel, wamkela iOthodoki ngo-1914, xa amajoni aseRashiya wahlasela uMhlaba waseOstriya-eHungary, emva koko, kunye nenkosikazi yakhe, kunye ne-Odessa.
Ngeli xesha, abantwana baphumelela esikolweni bengamahlwempu kubuzwe bamaYuda kwaye baqala ukukhangela umvuzo ozimeleyo. Abazalwana abadala Blumikin ingonyama kwaye u-Isai ufezekise kwintsimi yejenali, kwaye uYasha wazamile njengombane kunye nomsebenzi wethiyetha, umzi-mveliso we-Subnin kunye neDemot Depot.
Ngo-1917, xa amaqela ezopolitiko achuma eRashiya, unyana omncinci kaHerkel wangena kwinguqu kwezontlalontle kwaye waba ngummeli kunyulo kwindibano yonyulo. Kwangelo xesha, iblumykin enezixhobo ezandleni zathatha inxaxheba ekupheliseni ii-pogroms zamaYuda kwaye zalwa nabameli be-rada ye-iUkraine.
Ekuzikhuseleni, oyena mzimba usemncinci wasondela kuMoses Vinnitsky, ezukiswe nguJapan eBher Persedomm, waba lilungu leqela labagxothiwe, ngo-1918 efaka i-Odessa yaselurhulumenteni.
Impumelelo yokusebenza inike i-ofisi yamalungu kwi-Odsteay Roliay kunye nenkxaso ye-mikhalutial muravelin muravev, owukhuselekileyo, umfana wafumana indawo kwisebe le-HCC. Omnye umntu othe cwaka igama lokuba uYakobi wayeyimbongi kunye nentlonelo yelinye ilizwe eGameni le-Erdoman, abalawula i-anarchists yeBholi yeCostc.
IMISEBENZI YOOPHULO
I-MOSCOW Ordion Blumikina yaqala ngo-1918 ukusuka kwi-Post yeNtloko zamaSebe ukulwa ne-Espionage yangaphandle kunye nokujongwa kokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe. Kwezi ndawo, uYikov kwinkampani yeNikolai Andreeva wangena kwi-Ofisi yeJamani eRussia kwaye wenza i-riplomat yaseJamani willm von von von mirbach-harff.Esi saphulo-mthetho sisiqalo semvukelo ye-essing yasekhohlo, ejolise kurhulumente weBolsheviks, emva kokusilela kwe-Blumikina ebhengeza ubunqolobi kwaye unyanzelekile ukuba uye kwisikhundla esingekho semthethweni. Ukufihla phantsi kwamagama e-Vishv noVishnevsky, uYakov wafumana umsebenzi kwi-Kimriasky yezoLimo, emva koko wafudukela eUkraine waza wangena kwindawo engaphantsi kohlaziyo loluntu, ngokusekwe kwiKiev.
Ngo-1918-1919, kwimiyalelo yobunkokeli beqela, iBlumkin ithathe inxaxheba kumalungiselelo e-hetman ye-hetman ye-gorchelovsky, i-feldmarshal von vicgoral kolchark. Emva koko, iiveki ezimbalwa zikaJacob zichithwa ekuthinjweni ze-Pelliurovts, kwinkqubo yokutshutshiswa, i-Walmed Yonakaliso yafunyanwa kwaye yaphulukana namazinyo ayo angaphambili.
Emva konyango lwexesha elide, iBlumykin ingcatshelwe kwaye yanikezela kwinceba yamalungu eKhomishini eNgxamisekileyo yaseRussia yokulwa noguquko kunye nokuchitha. Owayesengu-Esrah wasongela ukudubula, kodwa enkosi ngokuthathekayo kukaLeo Damovich Trotsky, isigwebo sentambo sathatyathwa endaweni yomsebenzi woluleko kumacala oguquko.
Ndiqalise ukuhlawula ityala le-YAKOV kwimikhosi exhobileyo ye-caspilla, emva koko wangena ukhuseleko lwabantu baseSoviet kwiMicimbi yaseMoyat emkhosini nasematriki. Ukufanelwa ngokuzithemba kwamalungu eqela elilawulayo, iBlumikin yaphumelela kwizifundo ezikhethekileyo zeRokka kwaye njengomqeshwa we-GPU waqhubela phambili uhambo lokuya ePersi. Apho, uYakov uthathe inxaxheba ekufundeni kwabalandeli bakaKhashanaly kwaye ixesha elithile benza uxanduva loMkomishinara weMkhosi we-Irasnoarmeyyyyysky.
Ngo-1920, iBlumen yabuya eMoscow kwaye iba lilungu lepati ye-RCP (B), abasebenzi abapasileyo, abasebenzi bobukrelekrele bozakuzo. Ekupheleni kokufunda, i-charhevik entsha yeBolshevik i-Turkish, iArab, iilwimi zaseTshayina kunye ne-Mongolian kunye nezakhono zaseSpyure ezifumana inkqubela phambili kwikhondo lomsebenzi wezopolitiko.
Kwinqanaba elitsha le-yakov Grigorievich lakhokelela uphononongo lwe-Ebellysed yamaxabiso avela kwindawo yokugcina i-Norpomin. Ukukhangela abaphuli-mthetho, phantsi kwePleudugom kaJvelira Isaeva uthathe uhambo lweshishini ukuya kwikomkhulu le-Estonia yanamhlanje kwaye wanika ingxelo ngonxibelelwano lwezezinye kunye namatye axabisekileyo.
Ngokutsho kwabaphandi, eli phepha lemiboniso bhanyabhanya yeGosa le-Russian laseRoma lase-Gulian sase-Gulian seMenov ", kunye nezinye iinkcukacha zobomi ezichazwe kwincwadi ye-Evgeny Matonina" yakov blumkin Impazamo yomhlali "kunye nefilimu ebhaliweyo ebizwa ngokuba" utshaba lukaStalin ".
Uhlobo olunjalo lwe-chekist kwimbali luye lwavela. Ukususela ngo-1922, waba yinto engekho mthethweni kwi-rotsky, eyabachasayo amandla kaJoseph Stalin kwaye ekugqibeleni wagxothwa elizweni.
Omnye umncedisi we-Blumikina wayeyintloko ye-PHC FeliksDvich Dzerzhinsky, othe wacela umfana kwisebe le-OGPU kwaye wamenza umhlali ngobukrelekrele baseSoviet ePalestina. Ngokusebenzisana nearhente ye-Serebroky Yakov, idatha kwimisebenzi ephakathi yeMpuma yamalungu e-En Ennten kwaye waziswa kumalungu ombutho wamanye amazwe.
Ngo-1924, imisebenzi eqhelekileyo yaseBlumkin yayingumlo wokulwa ukonakala kwizixeko ze-transcaic, ingcinezelo ye-Antiat eGeorgia kunye nesisombululo semizuzu yempikiswano emdeni waseTurkey, iPersi kunye ne-USSR. Kwangelo xesha, i-scout yasebenza ngasese e-Afghanistan kwaye ifuna unxibelelwano nabameli besebe leShiite ye-India phantsi kwe-India phantsi komshumayeli weSweyi - i-dervish.
Uhambo kwiTibet
Ngo-1924-1928, iBlumkin yaya kuKindul Asia Rider, eyona njongo yayo yayiyintlangano yeTibt kunye nokubhukuqwa komlawuli wase-dalai la xiii. Ngokutsho kweefotokopi zoovimba, ityala likawonke-wonke labaphandi lalikokukhangela umkhondo wempucuko yakudala kunye nokufunyanwa komzi osikhumbuzileyo koothixo.
Ngokwedatha esemthethweni, umsebenzi waseRomanich noBlumikin baphelile ukungaphumeleli, kodwa abaphandi kunye nabaphandi kunye nabaphangeli bathanda indlela yokujonga. Ngokusekwe kwidatha evakaliswayo, imbali yembali yaseSoviet yeza kuluvo lokuba uYakov watyelela indawo engaphantsi komhlaba kwaye wadibana neendlela zokufumana umda kwiwaka leminyaka kunye ne-arhentes yempucuko.
Ngokutshintshiselana oku, uYakov wathembisa ukuba ngumlawuli wasekhaya ukuze alungelelanise ubonelelo lwezinto zanamhlanje kunye nemali mboleko yegolide kwiBhanki kaRhulumente yeSoviet.
Emva kwexesha, ngexesha lokuncinwa, iBlumen ichazwe ngokweenkcukacha imipu ibonwa ilungiselelwe imitha yegolide kunye ne-Ultrasonic ye-Electromagnetic radiation, kwaye yavuma ukudluliselwa kwe-Arhente yoKhuphiswano kwi-Vernera Von Stalch. Ukongeza, ukunika ingxelo malunga nokusebenza kwi-Tibet kunye neMishini elandelayo eConstantinople kwaye kuMbindi Mpuma yakwa-Yakov yathunyelwa kwinkcaso ye-trotsky. Iphelisa umsebenzi wakhe wezopolitiko kwaye yakhokelela ekubeninjwa ngo-1929.
Iblumykin kunye ne-neligicigialia
Kubomi bemihla ngemihla, iBlumikin yayingabahlobo nabasebenzi benkcubeko kunye nobugcisa. Eyona nto idumileyo kwabaqhelileyo yayiziimbongi vladimir mayovsky, i-vadim schenevich kunye ne-anatoly marioof.
Ukujikeleza kwisangqa sababhali kunye ne-thetrot, i-Yakov iphashana kwaye yayithetha malunga nokuzama nokubulala ngaphandle kwesithintelo. Kwiinkampani ezinxilisayo, igosa lengqondi lisongelwe ngeengalo ukuba libhaliswe ngababhali-mbali kunye nababhali, kwaye kanye imbongi ye-Osip Mandelstam yawa phantsi kwesandla esishushu.
EMoscow, iBlumikina yayihlala ibonwa kwiSergey yeSenin, awayedibana nabo kwindibano yeDyunivesithi yoluntu ngo-1918. Emva koko, uYikov wanceda imbongi ukuphepha ukubanjwa nokuvalelwa, kwaye ngokweengxelo ezithile, yayizibandakanya ekubulaweni kwendlu ye-St.
Ubomi Buqu
Ngo-1919, umfazi kaZakov waba yintombi yombhali kunye nombhali uIsake Fezerman - iTatiana. Intombazana yayiyiMoscow Elite yayihlala neminyaka emi-6, emva koko izizathu ezingaziwayo ziqhubile.
UNyana, obizwa ngokuba nguMartin, wazalwa ngo-1926. Iqhutywa ngumama, wakhula ngenkxaso yezinto eziphathekayo kuBawo, owathandwa ngabasebenzi besebe lase-CC Lisa Rosenzweig.
Xa iBlumikina ibanjiwe, uTatiana watshintsha ifani eya eIsakov, kodwa imiphumo yolwalamano lobomi babo notshaba lwabantu lwachaphazeleka kwiminyaka embalwa, emva kweMfazwe yeLizwe.
Ngo-1950, iqabane langaphambili lababuyiselweyo lagwetywa laza lagwetywa iminyaka eli-10 entolongweni ngenxa yeendleko zemisebenzi yokuguqula inqaku elibhalisiweyo kwinqaku le-RSFSR.
Ukubanjwa nokufa
Inkonzo yeBlumikin ichukumise umlandeli we-bolsheevik ye-bolshevik kwaye ifumene iimpawu ezintle ezivela kwiintloko zesebe le-OGPU.
Nangona kunjalo, ekwindla ka-1929, umhlali waqala ukrokrela ngenxa yotshaba lwabantu ngu-LVOM weTrotsky. Ngenxa yokujonga, eyayiqhutywa liGosa lobukrelekrele beSoviet yeZabeth Zurubina, abafowunelwa bakwaYakov batyhilwe, kwaye oku kukhokelele ukubanjwa, ukuncinwa kunye nenkundla elandelayo.
Ngokwengxelo esemthethweni, iBlumikina yagwetywa ukwenziwa kwemisebenzi ejolise kwiSoviet kunye nabaphandi be-bolheevik, kodwa abaphandi bakholelwa ukuba ulwazi olufunyenwe ngexesha lobuqu ukuziphindezela kukaJosefu Jugashvili.
Nangona kunjalo, inyani ihlala ifihla imfihlo kunye neenkcukacha zokuphunyezwa kwe-yakov blumkin, eyenzeka phakathi kwe-8 kaDisemba ngo-1229. Ngomngcwabo kunye nendawo engcwabeni ye-arhente yeSoviet kunye neScout khange kubekho nto.