Biography
Kuguma kweiyo soviet mugari waJacob Blumkin kuchiri kunoramba kuri kusanganiswa kwezvinhu zvechokwadi uye ngano. Conrade yepedyo yeShonganari Shumba trotsky inotsvedza zviyo zvebhizinesi nzeve, zvisinganzwisisike ndedzipi yaive yekudzingwa kuTibet. Mufananidzo weBlumikina wakatorwa pamapeji enhoroondo uye mune dzinoverengeka mabasa emabhuku, pakati pekuti novhidhi yeiyo Julian Semenova "uye iyo terevhizheni" yeTerevhizheni "Yesenin" nzvimbo yekutora nzvimbo.Hudu uye Vechidiki
Biography Yakov Grigorievich Blumkin kubva pakutanga chaipo chaive chakavanzika chevaRussia uye vekunze vanyori venhoroondo. Kuzvidzora kwekutanga kunetsekana zuva nenzvimbo yekuzvarwa kwemutungamiriri wenhungamavhingi wenyuchi, uyo ari mumubvunzo wake wacho akanyora, uyo wakazvarwa mumhuri yeOdessais yechiJudha-proletis 25, 1900. Ruzivo urwu haruna kuwirirana nedata revatsva vanotenda kuti Bumilant aive wehurumende yehurumende yeguta vaigara muguta reAustro-Hungaryg (razvino LVEG), vanozvarwa muna 1898.
Baba vaJakobho, Herchel, vakagamuchira Orthodoxy muna 1914, mauto eRussia payakapinda mundima yeAustria, pamwe chete nemudzimai wake, yakakwirira-2v uye akagara muOdessa.
Panguva ino, vana vakapedza chikoro chevarombo vehurumende yechiJudha uye vakatanga kutsvaga mari yakazvimirira. Hama dzekare Blumikin Shumba uye neIsai dzakaita kuti ubudirire mumunda wevatori venhau, uye Yasha akaiedza semagetsi uye mushandi wemitambo, canning fekitori uye tram depot.
Muna 1917, mapato ezvematongerwo enyika akasiyana muRussia, mwanakomana wechidiki akabatanidza muRerchel akabatana neichengeti munharaunda uye akava musarudzo mugunwaru regungano reConstauent. Panguva imwecheteyo, Blumykin nezvombo mumaoko ake vakatora chikamu mukubviswa kwemasangano echiJudha uye vakarwa nevamiriri veRaCent Radine muUkraine.
Mukuzvidzivirira, Ester wechidiki akaswedera kuMosesi Vinnitsky, akakudzwa neJapan fani Pseudomonym, uye akazova nhengo yeboka revapambi, muna 1918 robbing the State Bank Odessa.
Kubudirira kwekuvhiya kwakapa bureau kune nhengo dzeOdessa yekuzvipira njanji uye rutsigiro rwechiratidzo cheMikhail Miravyev, jaya rakagamuchira nzvimbo mudanga reMoscow reMoscow reMoscow reMoscow reMoscow reMoscow. Mumwe munhu akanyarara izwi raJakobho aive mudetembi uye imwe nyika yerwiyo rweMerman, akapatsanura maAnarchists yeguta guru uye akaunganidza ruzivo rwezvematongerwo enyika.
Zviitiko zvezvematongerwo enyika uye zvemagariro
Iyo Moscow Care Blumikina yakatanga muna 1918 kubva posvo yemisoro yemadhipatimendi kuti adzore espionage uye kucherechedzwa kwemumiriri ekunze. Munzvimbo iyi, Yakov mune kambani yekambani yeNikolai Andreeva yakapinda muhofisi yemumiriri weGerman muRussia Diplomat Wilhelm von Mirbach-harff.Kuparwa kwemhosva iyi kwaive kutanga kwekupanduka kweshoko rekuruboshwe, kwakanangana nehurumende yeBolshevek, iyo kutadza kweiyo Blumikina yakazivisa gandanga uye kumanikidzwa kuenda kunzvimbo isiri pamutemo. Kuvanda pasi pemazita eBelev naVishnevsky, Yakov akawana basa muKimrinsky, uye akabva aendeswa kuUkraine uye akabatana nenyika yeSocial Revolitaries, yakavakirwa muKiev.
Muna 1918-1919, pamatungamiri wehutungamiri hwebato, Blumkin vakapinda mugadziriro yekuedza paHetman of the Scorchelovsky, German Feldmarsky Hermann von eichgorn uye mutungamiri weVachechengetedzo machena Admiral Kolchak. Ipapo, mavhiki mashoma aJacob akapedza mukutapwa kwePetlu petluvts petluvts yePetluvts, mukushungurudzwa, akakuvara mumuviri akawanikwa uye akarasikirwa nemazino ayo epamberi.
Mushure mekurapwa kwenguva refu, Blumykin akatengesa vaunotengesa pamwe chete uye akazvipira kunzwira tsitsi kwenhengo dzeMitezo yeAse-Russigency emergency yekurwisa-shanduko uye sabotage. Yaimbove estrah yakatyora kupfura, asi nekuda kwekureverera kweLeo Davidvich trotsky, mutongo werufu akatsiviwa nebasa rekururamisa pane revatengi.
Ndakatanga kubhadhara mhosva yeYakov mumauto emakona ecotilla, ndokuzotevera kuchengetedzeka kweSoviet yevanhu pamauto uye marita zvinhu. Sezvo akakodzera kuvimba nenhengo dzebato rekutonga, Blumikin akapedza kudzidza kubva kunyanzvi dzeRKKA Cours uye semushandi weGPU akaenda parwendo rwebhizinesi kuenda kuPersia. Ikoko, Yakov Akapepuka mukumuka kwevateveri veKhan Ehsanlaly uye imwe nguva vakaita mabasa eMutungamiriri weMauto Komisheni yeIrani krasnoarmeysky vashandi.
Muna 1920, Blumkin akadzokera kuMoscow uye, achiva nhengo yeRCP Party (b), makosi akapfuura emumiriri ekudzidzisa ehumambo uye vashandi vemauto. Pakupera kwekufunda, iyo ichangobva kutsva Bolshevik iyo Turkish, Marab, Chinese uye mitauro yeMongolia uye yakawana hunyanzvi hwekusimudzira mune yebasa rezvematongerwo enyika uye repamutemo basa.
Muchimiro chitsva cheYakov Grigorievich akatungamira kuongorora mukati mekusanzwisisika kwehunhu hwehutongi hwenzvimbo yeNataromfin. Mukutsvaga kwematsotsi, iye pasi peiyo pseeudining yeJveeva akatora rwendo rwebhizinesi kuenda kuguta guru reEstonia uye akapa chirevo pane zvekunze zvemasimbi anokosha nemabwe.
Sekureva kwevanoongorora, peji ino yemabhuku emukuru weRussion Perignence akaenderera mberi nedzinza reProletariat ", uye zvimwe zvinhu zvehupenyu zvakatotsanangurwa mubhuku reEvgeny Matonina" Yakov Blumkin : Kanganiso yekugara "uye firimu rezvinyorwa inonzi" stalin's muvengi wega ".
Hunhu hwakadaro hweChirist munhoroondo hwabuda. Kubva muna 1922, akave anenge achifungidzira nezvePadhechi Trotsky, akapokana nemasimba ega aJoseph uye akazopedzisira adzingwa munyika.
Mumwe mubatsiri weBlumikina aive musoro wePhc Ferix Edmunduvinsky, uyo akabaya murume wechidiki mudhipatimendi reOpu uye akamuita mugari weSoviet Ungwaru muPalestine. Mukubatana neiyo mumiririri weSerebyansky Yakov, iyo data kumabvazuva kweMabvazuva kweiyo nhengo dzekare dzevanotungamira uye dzakaziviswa nenhengo dzeInternational Organation Comintern.
Muna 1924, mishoni yenguva dzose yeBlumkin yaive kurwa nekupaza mumaguta ekuchinja, kudzvinyirira kweSovillo muGeorgia pamuganhu weTurkey, Persia neUSSR. Panguva imwecheteyo, iyo scout yakashanda muchivande muAfghanistan uye mukutsvaga kubatana nevamiriri vebazi reShiite reIslam raive kweimwe nguva muIndia pasi peGuise Muparidzi Muparidzi - Dervish.
Kubuda kweTibet
Muna 1924-1928, Blumkin akaenda kuCentral Expedition yeNikolai Rove, iyo yaive sangano remagetsi misa muTibet uye nekuparadza kweMutongi wemunharaunda weDalai Lama Xiii. Maererano nePhoscopies yeZvakanyorwa zveZviratidzo, Chikwereti chevanyori vatsvagiri ndechekutsvagisa miti yerudzi rwekare uye kuongororwa kweguta risinganzwisisike ravamwari.
Sekureva kweiyo Official data, basa raRoerich uye Blumikin rakapera mukutadza, asi vaongorori uye bioghers vanowanzoitika pfungwa yakatarisana. Zvichienderana ne data rakaratidzwa, iyo yeSoviet Nhoroondo yakauya kumafungiro ayo Yakov akashanyira Palace Mount uye akasangana nemagariro ezviuru zvemakore uye zvinyorwa zvezvinyorwa zvechuru uye zviyero zvehurumende zvakanyangarika.
Mukutsinhana neiyi, Yakov akavimbisa kumutongi wenzvimbo kuronga kuwanikwa kwezvombo zvemazuva ano uye nechikwereti chegoridhe kubva kuHurumende kubhengi reSoviet.
Gare gare, panguva yekubvunzurudzwa, Blumkin yakarondedzera zvakadzama izvo zvakaonekwa nepfuti dzakatarwa nekuda kwegoridhe uye zvakare kushandurwa kwerudzi urwu kuRexpressignical Intelligence Agent kuenda kuVernera von Stalch. Pamusoro pezvo, kuudza zvokuvhiya muTibet uye mishonga inotevera muConstantinople uye muMiddle East Yakov yakatumira kupikiswa kweTrotsky. Izvo zvakagumisa basa rake rezvematongerwo enyika uye zvakakonzera kusungwa muna 1929.
Blumykin uye Ekugadzira Njere
Muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva, Blumikin aive shamwari nevakawanda vashandi vetsika uye hunyanzvi. Iye anonyanya kuzivikanwa kubva kune vaaiziva vaimuziva vaive nhetembo vladimir mayoakovsky, vadim schenevich uye anatoly marioneof.
Kutenderera mudenderedzwa revanyori nematare, Yakour akazvirumbidza nekuchinja kwaishandisa uye kwaive kutaura nezvekuedza uye kuuraya pasina kumanikidza. Mumakambani akadhakwa, mukuru wehungwaru akatyisidzirwa nemaoko kune zvomboitika kune vanyori vezvakaitika kare nevanyori, uye kana nhetembo O Osip mandelstam vakawira pasi peruoko rwake rwunopisa.
MuMoscow, Blumikina aigara achionekwa muSergey hongu, uyo waakasangana naye pagungano reunivhesiti munharaunda muna 1918. Pashure paizvozvo, Yakov akabatsira mudetembi kuti arege kusungwa uye kusungwa, uye zvinoenderana nemhondi, yakabatanidzwa mukupondwa mukamuri reSt.
Hupenyu Hwako
Muna 1919, mudzimai waZakoko akazova mwanasikana wemunyori uye Playwright Isaka Feinerman - Tatiana. Musikana uyu aive weMoscow Elite akararama aine makore matanhatu, uyezve nekuda kwechikonzero chisingazivikanwe mumuchato wakarambana.
Mwanakomana, ainzi Martin, akaberekwa muna 1926. Iro madzishe naamai, vakakurira nerutsigiro rwekunyama kubva kuna Baba, avo vakava vadikani vevashandi vebazi rekunze reCC Lisa Rososzweig.
Blumikina paakasungwa, Tatiana akachinja surname kuIsakov, asi mhedzisiro yehukama hwehupenyu hwevanhu nomuvengi wevanhu vakakanganiswa mumakore mashoma, mushure mehondo huru yeNyika.
Muna 1950, vaimbove vakaroorana vakaroorana vakasungwa uye vakatongerwa makore gumi mutorongo vari mumahombekombe ezviitiko zvekupikisa vakanyoreswa muchinyorwa chechi 58 cheRsfr Penal Code.
Kusungwa uye Rufu
Iyo Blumikin Service yakafadza muteveri weiyo Bolshevik Dzidziso yeBolshevik uye akagamuchira hunhu hwakanaka kubva kumisoro yeDhipatimendi rekunze reOkupu.
Nekudaro, mukuvhuvhu wa1929, mugari wacho akatanga kufungidzira nekuda kwemuvengi wevanhu naLvom Trotsky. Semhedzisiro yekuongorora, iyo yakaitwa neiyo Soviet Untegtence Officer yeErizabheti Zarubina, vafambi veYakov vakaratidzwa, uye izvi zvakatungamira kusungwa, kubvunzurudza uye dare rakazotevera.
Maererano neVashandi vakatongerwa basa rezvemabasa vaiita kuti vanhu vane sovieth uye vaongorori vanotenda kuti rufu rwehungwaru rwakagamuchirwa panguva yekubuda kweTibetan, pamwe chete neyavo kutsiva kwaJoseph jugashvili.
Nekudaro, chokwadi chichakanganisirwa chakavanzika pamwe chete nezveruzivo rweYakov Blumkin, iyo yakaitika pakati paNovember 8 naDecember 12, 1929. Nezve mariro uye nzvimbo yeguva reiyo Soviet mumiririri weSoviet uye iyo scout zvakare hapana chinozivikanwa.