Tari
Rainer Maria Rilke ta zama sanannen wuri a cikin wakoki a duniya, ya rage daya daga cikin marubutan da suka rubuta a Jamusanci. Jin dabi'unmu da kuma compatriotchica na needrich nietzsche da Sigmund Freud, mawaƙa da aka nuna a cikin aikinsa da na falsafanci na tsawon ƙarni, na har abada da makasudin mutane.Yaro da matasa
Cikakken sunan mawaƙa kamar Rene Carl Wilhelm Johann Yusuf Marie, wanda aka haife shi ne a shekara ta 1875 a cikin Sarkin Austro-Hungarian. Iyayensa sun faru daga 'yan kasuwa da masu goro, rayuwarsu ta zama mai wahala, kuma dangantakar dangi ba a sanya shi ba.
Iyayen da 'yar fari sun mutu, me yasa mahaifiyar Sophie ta sha wahala kuma har ma ana kiransa sunan haihuwar da ta yi. A cikin hoton yara, yana kama da yarinya a cikin sutura da curls.
Mawaki ya tuna cewa ya girma a cikin yanayin masifa da ƙiyayya mara kyau. Yarjejeniyar don jure rashin daidaituwa, Iyaye sun yi fice lokacin da yaron ya tsufa shekara 9. Ruwan sama ya zauna tare da mahaifinsa, wanda ya yi nadama game da aikin soja da ya kasa, ya bayyana ɗa a makarantar Cadet na gari kusa da Vienna.
Shekaru biyar na Rai na Barren ya zama shekarun tashin hankalin, kuma daga baya ya gwada su da matsaran matsara. Vericly baiwa, Rilke ya kasance wani rai a cikin yanayin Mashters da ware, wanda ya haifar da rashin lafiyar jiki, saboda wanda dole ne ya daina karatu.
A lokacin, saurayin ya ji kira ga waƙoƙi, alhali kuwa yana cikin damuwa game da abin da ya dace, tun lokacin da makarantar soja ba ta ba da gudummawa ga ci gaban ilimin al'adun gargajiya ba. Saurayin saurayin ya shirya don gwaji don takardar shaidar balaga, kuma a cikin 1896 ya zama ɗalibin Falsafar Fir'auna na Prosafo.
Wallafa waƙoƙi
Rilke ya zama mawaƙa-na zamani, gabatar da wani halin da ake ciki. An mamaye aikinsa da "tambayoyi" game da Allah da mutuwa, game da rayuwar da ba a san shi ba, ya yi nagartar duniya. Thean wasan saurayin ya fara bugawa yana da shekara 16, da kuma littafin farko da waƙoƙi "da aka saki kuma ya yi ƙoƙari ya manta.Rainer ya rubuta ba kawai waƙoƙi ba: A cikin asusun sa da labari, da labarai na tarihi da kuma kyakkyawan mawaƙi ba zai yiwu ba. Amma da farko, Rilke shine LirKe, marubucin duin elegy da "Littattafai", "Halin" da "Sonetov zuwa Ondous".
Rayuwar sirri
A cikin shekarar 1897, Rilke Met Lu-Andreas SalMa - Mace da zata zama ainihin gidan kayan aikinsa, ba da mashawarci da aboki. Loveaunar kyakkyawa mai ilimin yanci mai ƙarfi ta rinjayi ci gaban mawaƙin. Godiya ga ta, ruwan sama ya shiga wallafen yadudduka da ziyarci Rasha a karon farko.
Leloved ya yi aure da kuma tsofaffi Rilke na shekaru 15, alakar su ba ta da shekaru 3 da suka gabata. Duk da haka, sun riƙe wani aminci mai ɗorewa da haɗi mai ƙarfi shekaru da yawa, wanda shaidar ta tabbata ga wannan magana ta gaskiya.
A lokaci guda, Austrian ya hadu da Sculptor Klara Westhoff, wanda a 1901 ya zama matarsa kuma ta haifi 'yar Ruth. Koyaya, rayuwar iyali da yara, duk waɗannan abubuwan da aka saba da rayuwar mutum mai farin ciki, da kyar sun dace da hoton mawaƙin.
Ba da daɗewa ba ya bar dangi ya shiga cikin yawo a Turai, ba tare da neman gida ta dindindin ba ko'ina. A lokaci guda, har zuwa ƙarshen rayuwa, ruwan sama da Clara ba su saki ba, amma sun rayu ban da, sadarwa ta haruffa.
Mace ta ƙarshe da ke cikin rabo Rilke shine mai zane-zane Balalin Klosovskaya, wanda ya zauna a cikin 1921 a cikin littafin man muo a Switzerland. Matar ta kula da mawaƙin da ya cika shekarunsa na ƙarshe tare da ƙaunarsa.
Mutuwa
Tun daga shekarar 1923, Rilke ta fara fuskantar matsanancin matsalolin kiwon lafiya, saboda wacce zanga-zangar ta duba, yayin da suke cikin Soliumum a bakin Lehman. Jiyya a wurin shakatawa na Ragats bai kawo 'ya'yan itatuwa na musamman ba. Mutanen sun gano cutar sankara, wanda ƙarshe ya zama sanadin mutuwa.A bara na rayuwar da ya wuce tsakanin gidan Mushi da asibitoci da yawa. A wannan lokacin ne ruwan sama yana jagorantar shahararren wasiƙun tare da magungunan parmaceututututututututututututututut din. Bisa ga Disamba 29, 1926. Mutumin ya yi shekara 51, aka binne shi a gadonsa na Raron Ragon. A kabarin na mawãyi, wanda ya ambata, wanda ya zabi kansa ba da jimawa ba kafin mutuwa.
Littafi daya
- 1894 - "Rayuwa da waƙoƙi"
- 1895 - 'Waɗanda ke fama da Larram "
- 1897 - "Aka rasa tare da mafarki"
- 1898 - "Kirsimeti Hauwa'u"
- 1902 - "Littafin Images"
- 1903 - "Farkon Peems"
- 1905 - "haruffa"
- 1907 - "sabbin wakoki"
- 1909 - "Ina hutu"
- 1912 - "rayuwar Budurwa Maryamu"
- 1912-1922 - DUINSKIIA
- 1923 - "Sonanets zuwa Orpheus"