I-Biograge
URavil Bikbaev ungumbhalo wezemibhalo waseRussia waseRussia, imbongi yaseBashkir. EMbhoshoneni, umlobi wayenegunya elikhulu futhi wabamba okuthunyelwe okuphezulu emhlanganweni wombuso weRiphabhulikhi.Ubuntwana nentsha
URavil Bikbaev wazalelwa edolobhaneni elincane laseBashkir eCunachabai eliphezulu ngoDisemba 12, 1938. Ubuntwana bomfana kwadingeka bathole umholo. Waphothula iziqu zeyesikhombisa, wathola imfundo ephakeme ngesikhathi ukubuyiselwa kwezwe ngemuva kwezimpi zegazi.
Kusukela ngo-1953 kuya ku-1956, uRavil wayengumfundi we-Akbulak Pedago. Ngemuva kwalokho le nsizwa yangena eBhashkir State University, lapho athola khona okukhethekile "isazi sefisefifilofili." Esikhathini esizayo, uBikbaev wanquma ukubopha i-biography ngokutadisha kwezincwadi nezilimi, ngakho-ke waba ngumfundi weziqu zesikhungo semfundo esikhethekile e-USSR Academy of Science.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
URavil Bikbaev wayeshade, kepha umndeni wakhe kanye nempilo yakhe yangasese akathandanga ukusakazeka. Lokhu akwamukelwa ngokuya ngamasiko esizwe, futhi isimo somlingisi wesayensi namasiko akuzange kube nokukhuluma ngempilo yansuku zonke. Umculi weRiphabhulikhi yaseRiphabhulikhi kanye ne-patriot yeqiniso, wazinikela ekubuseni nasekucwaningeni. Ezithombeni ezishicilelwe zombhali, ungabona abashadikazi, umzukulu kanye nezihlobo ezibanjwe enkampanini.Izincwadi
Ubuqambi bahlabe umxhwele ukuqala kombhali kusukela esemncane. Kumfundi, wenza izinyathelo zokuqala zokusebenzisa ithalente. Kusukela ngo-1957, izinkondlo zokuphrinta zaseRavil emaphephandabeni nakumagazini. Ngo-1962, i-Agidel Edition yashicilela esiteshini sakhe senkondlo sikaDebut ". Lo msebenzi ukhombise ukuvela nobunye bokubukwa komhlaba womlobi. I-lyricity, ehlanganiswe ngezahlulelo zefilosofi, yahlukaniswa ngendlela yakhe. Isiteshi somsebenzi ngokubhala singumuntu wezwe ngekusasa elinzima. I-leitmotif enkulu kwakuyincazelo yempilo yabantu abajwayelekile, kanye nengqikithi - ubunzima bempi.
Ngemuva kweminyaka emibili, incwadi yezinkondlo yeBikbaev "Steppe Dali" yashicilelwa. Washukumisa ukuqashelwa komphakathi kwethalente lenkondlo. Amandla akhe abekwe ozakwethu kanye nezibalo zesayensi. Naphezu kokuqashwa okusebenzayo, umlobi waqhubeka esebenza enhlanganweni yomlando, ulimi nezincwadi. Kusukela ngo-1965, uRavil ubengumcwaningi, kwathi ngo-1966 wavikela ngempumelelo ukhetho lwakhe nokwenziwa kwakhe.
Udokotela wesayensi kamuva wangena enyunyana yababhali baseBashkortostan futhi waze waba nguSihlalo weBhodi. Wayephathiswe futhi eposini likaNobhala weBhodi leNhlangano Yabalobi bezwe. Umbhali owandayo ukhiphe njalo amaqoqo enkondlo nemisebenzi yocwaningo. IBashikira Bibliography inezincwadi ezingama-30, ama-monographs kanye nemisebenzi yesayensi. Ochwepheshe nabagxeki baphawula ukuthambekela komculi ukuba balandise ama-nuances angokomlando kanye nokuchazwa kwefilosofi ngezinto ezingokoqobo zasekhaya.
Ukunakwa ikakhulukazi kuBikbaev kukhokhile isiphetho sabantu, amasiko akhe nolimi. Bekugxile esihlokweni se-Motherland, esicabange kaningi emibhalweni yokuthanda izwe. Izinkinga, isikhathi esivumelekile, imbongi echazwe emisebenzini "eya kubantu bakithi", "yomile ngokuphelele!", "Izembe zasal". Ukufanekisela okugcwele nezithombe ezikhanyayo, ukudalwa kwakhe kwathinta imizwa yomphakathi ofundile nakubantu abajwayelekile.
Ngokutadisha ucwaningo lwesayensi, uBikbaev wayenesifiso sokufunda okubhaliwe kwezikhumbuzo zesikhathi esedlule namagugu wababhali banamuhla. Wenze ukugcizelelwa kokumbozwa komhlaba wokomoya nangokwenkondlo ekwakhiweni kozakwabo nabandulelayo. Ukwenza nokuhlaziywa kokuqhathanisa, usosayensi wanyathelisa imisebenzi echaza imininingwane yeBashkir amazwi kanye nezinkondlo. Ngakho-ke, ngo-1986 wabona incwadi ekhanyayo "isikhathi. Imbongi. Eminyakeni engu-5, "ngemuva kweminyaka emi-5 yakhipha incwadi ebizwa ngokuthi yiShaikhzade Babich, kwathi ngo-1997 umsebenzi washicilelwa" imbongi yeZwi - unembeza wembongi. "
Ukuqala kwama-2000s kumakwe umlobi wencwadi ethi "Unyaka Wabantu". Yena enezindatshana ezihlanganisiwe, izingxoxo kanye nemibhalo ekhethiwe yombhali. Kubo, uBikbaev wachaza umoya okhethekile weRiphabhulikhi yokuvuselela, eyayinembiso yabaningi. Waphikisana ngengokomoya lezinto eziphila ngesikhathi sikazwelonke, wathinteka izindaba zefilosofi nezobulungisa.
Izindatshana ezibucayi zeRavil Bikbayev ebumbene ngamaqoqo futhi zakhiqizwa yizincwadi ezihlukile. Babedinga izwe labo nakwamanye amazwe. Abacwaningi bakwamanye amazwe badlulisele imibhalo ezilimini zakwamanye amazwe, naseRussia bashintshwa neYakutsky, i-Altai, Chuveshesh nabanye. IBikbaev yayivame ukuhamba futhi yaba ngummeleli okhanyayo wesiko laseBashkir e-USA, emazweni aseYurophu, eKorea naseCis. Ugqugquzelwe ohambweni, washicilela amanothi e-copyright, aqoqwe ngaphansi kwegama elithi "Ekuseni Ukuhamba Emgwaqweni." Kwakuyi-sip yomoya omusha wezincwadi zezwe, ngoba uhlobo lwangaphambilini alunakanga.
Ukufaneleka komlobi kanye nomgxeki wemibhalo kwaziswa kakhulu yiziphathimandla zokuphatha. Kwaphendulwa enhlanganweni yemicimbi yamasiko neyomphakathi eRiphabhulikhi. Imisebenzi Ebucayi Nezintatheli Yomlobi bezilokhu ithola impendulo ephilayo evela kubamele bakahulumeni. Ngo-1989, isiko lesiko lethule lo mklomelo. Salavat yulaeva. Ubengumnikazi wemiklomelo eminingi, futhi phakathi kwemivuzo egameni loMbuso futhi kwaba yi-oda lobungani, isihloko sesakhamuzi esihlonishwayo UFA kanye nembongi yabantu.
Ngo-2007, umlobi wamenyelwa ukuba angene eMkhandlwini KaMongameli weRiphabhulikhi, futhi waba yiphini lomhlangano wombuso.
Ukushona
Imbongi yabantu yashona ngo-Ephreli 2019. Imbangela yokufa isiphenduke impi eqhubekayo nalesi sifo. Ukuxilongwa ngqo akumbozwa ngabezindaba. Ithuna lomlobi liku-Ufa, emathuneni amaSulumane.I-Bibliography
- 1964 - "I-Steppe Horizons. Izinkondlo nenkondlo "
- Ngo-1967 - "Milky Way. Izinkondlo nenkondlo "
- 1971 - "Izingoma"
- 1976 - "Impilo EMiddle"
- 1978 - "Ukuhlabelela Amadwala"
- Ngo-1979 - "Izindaba Ezijabulisayo"
- 1980 - "Umlando wenkondlo wesikhathi"
- 1982 - "Izibani zami"
- 1986 - "Isikhathi. Imbongi. Abantu "
- 1991 - "Ukoma - Nika amanzi!"
- Ngo-1991 - "Ukuvela Kwezinkondlo Zanamuhla zeBarkir"
- 1995 - "Shaikzada Babich: Impilo Nobuciko"
- Ngo-2007 - "Rami. Bhuka Mayelana Nembongi "
- 2013 - "Dastan mayelana Bashkortostan"