Biography
I-Rudolf Nureyev - I-Leedandary Cartist ye-Ballet, eyayikwimfuno kwinqanaba leSoviet, nakwamanye amazwe. Iqwalaselwa ngowona mdanisi wenkulungwane yama-20, kwaye ubuchule beRudolph kunye nokugxuma kwakhe - i-shrittocaty. Emva koKhenketho lwaseParisian ngo-1961, wala ukubuyela eSoviet Union, wacela ukhuseleko kwezopolitiko, waba ngomnye wababaleki abalele kwimbali yasekhaya. Emva kokuphela komsebenzi woMdaniso, i-Nureyev izamile njengomdwebi we-choreographer, kwaye njenge-acter yefilimu, kwaye kwiminyaka yakutshanje wayengumqhubi we-paris opera.Ubuntwana noLutsha
Ngaphandle kwento yokuba kwi-bidography nuhitkk, i-Irkutsk idweliswe ngu-Irkutsk, enyanisweni wazalelwa kwi-vladivosok, kwaye kwisikhululo sikaloliwe abakude ne-Irkutsk bekukho inkangeleko ye-irkutsk bekukho inkangeleko kuphela. URudolph waba ngumntwana omncinci kwimpahla yezopolitiko yomkhosi obomvu we-hamet ye-hamet ye-hamet, eTatar ngobuzwe, kunye nenkosikazi yakhe i-Agsullovna. I-Ballet Star yayinoodade abathathu abaphezulu: iRosa, Rosis kunye neLidiya.
Ukuhlala komntu umntwana u-NuhiyeV udluliselwe kukukhutshwa kwi-UFA. Sele isusela kwiminyaka emi-5 ubudala, inkwenkwana yaqala ukubonisa umdla kumdaniso. Utata, owabuya emfazweni kwisikhundla esikhulu, wayengonwabanga ngokhetho loNyana wakhe. I-HAMATA ekuqaleni izamile ukuthambisa uthando lweRudolph ngoncedo lokuzonwabisa - ukuloba kunye nokuzingela, kodwa inkwenkwe ibonisa ukungakhathalelwa kotata.
Emva koko i-nueuleev endala kufuneka ifumane ibhanti. Isohlwayo singaphindwanga kabini kwi-choreography, kwaye ukusuka kwiminyaka eli-11 waya kwenye indawo phakathi kwabathathi-nxaxheba kwinkcubeko yenkcubeko. Ngo-15, umfana sele eqalisile ukuzama amandla akhe asemngciphekweni wendlu ye-UFE Opera, kwaye ngonyaka waba lilungu elipheleleyo le ruupe.
Ngo-1955, eneminyaka eyi-17, iRudolh Nureyev iya eLeningrad ukuze iqhubeke imfundo yawo kwisikolo se-choreographic. Kodwa akazange athathele ingqalelo ukuba abantwana bafumana abantwana beminyaka eli-12 ubudala, ngenxa yoko wayeneminyaka waye emva kwakhe eklasini, akazange afumane ulwimi oluqhelekileyo nabanye abafundi kwaye bagculelwa. Ngenxa yolwalamano olufanayo, i-Nureyev ayikwazanga ukuhlala ehostele, ngoko ndasabela kwisimemo sobubele somcebisi wakhe uAlexander Pullkin kwaye wahlala kwintsapho yakhe.
Isikolo saseChoreographic rudolph siphumelele ngo-1958 kwaye ngoko nangoko safumana isimemo sokungena kwi-gouupe ye-opera kunye ne-ballet theatre kunye ne-ballet theatre kunye ne-ballet theatres emva kwesicelo se-Nationa Brina Balrina.
I-ballet
Iqela lokuqala, le rudulf nuhieve izalisekisiwe kwinqanaba lobuchule, yayiyindima ye-frickos kwi-Lauredncy Ballet. Emva kwexesha, umdanisi uthathe inxaxheba kuMthendeleko weHlabathi woLutsha kunye nabafundi baseVienna, apho kwakufika imbasa yegolide. Kwiminyaka emi-3, uRudolph waba likhonkco elibalulekileyo kwiTroupe, wayenethemba kuye. Wahamba waya kwi-Theatre eBulgaria, eMpuma Jamani neJiphutha, ke ngoko ikhutshwe ngaphandle kweengxaki, kwaye waya kuthetha eParis Opera.Kodwa emva kokuba isebenze ezininzi, imfuneko ye-KGB isuse umculi we-ballet ye-ballet ukusuka kwi-issoys kwaye ithumele umva kwi-USSR. Ngokwengxelo esemthethweni, 'waphula umthetho wokuba phesheya. " Kodwa amangqina okuzibonela ekholelwa ukuba imizimba ifunde malunga nokuqhelaniswa nezifundo zemveli. Umdanisi wagqiba kwelokuba awuthobeli, ucele ukhuseleko kwezopolitiko eFrance kwaye waba yeyona nto idumileyo "engabuyileyo" kwimbali yaseSoviet Union, nasekuhanjisweni kwelizwe lakhe, kwakufuneka ezweni lakhe.
Ukubaleka komdanisi wenza isiphumo sebhombu ephukileyo, njengeenyanga ezi-2 ezidlulileyo iSoviet Union ibhiyozele uloyiso emva kwenqwelomoya yokuqala. Umculi wayengene ngonaphakade kuluhlu lwabalandeli belizwe. Nangona kunjalo, emva kweminyaka emininzi, ngo-1985, wavumela iintsuku ezintathu ukuba angene kweli lizwe ukuba atyelele umngcwabo kamama. Kwangelo xesha, bonke abantu ababemazi uMculi ebutsheni balumkisiwe kwisitayile esingqongqo ngokunxibelelana naye.
Ngaphambili, iinzame ze-Nureev zokunxibelelana nezihlobo zazo, kodwa zazingancedi phambi kwekhethini yentsimbi. Umculi we-ballet wafumana indlela yokuphuma. Kwisicelo sakhe, ukumkanikazi we-Arabstine ye-Arab, eyakhe watyelela e-USSR, wakwazi ukubandakanya kwindlela yayo utyelelo kwi-UFA. Apha wayinika ileta evela kuRudolf umama wakhe kwaye yavakalisa umbulelo wetalente yoNyana. Le nyaniso inomdla kubomi bukaNureyev emva koko kwaziwa kubalandeli bakhe.
E-France, iRudolf yajoyina i "Ballet Marquis de Cuevas" Truupe, kodwa kwiinyanga ezintandathu kamva, wanyanzelwa ukuba ashiye ilizwe, kuba wayenqatshelwe ukhuseleko kwezopolitiko. Kodwa i-Great Britain yaya kumculi onetalente ukuya kumculi onemitayile: I-Nureyev isuka eLondon kunye ne-Ballrina Margo Fonten kwindawo ye-Royal Calvel Dound ye-Deal, isabhekiswa.
Emva kwexesha, umdanisi waba yinkulumbuso ye-vienna opera, ngenxa yokuba kufunyenwe ukuba ngummi wase-Austrian. Kodwa wayengapheleli kwiintsebenzo kwilizwe elinye. I-Nureyev isebenze ngenkuthalo: Kwiminyaka engama-60, wanika ama-200 ngonyaka, kwaye ngo-1975 waqala ukuya kwinqanaba elingaphezulu kwama-300 amaxesha, oko kukuthi, phantse yonke imihla.
Ubuqaqawuli bomdanisi baziva besentshonalanga, entshonalanga ayikhanyisi kuphela kwimifanekiso ye-ballet ye-ballet, kodwa yaba yinxalenye yenkcubeko yePop. Ifoto yakhe kunye nodliwanondlebe lakhe lwaqhubeka luwela rhoqo kwigubu kunye namaphepha oshicilelo oluyimfihlo. I-Nureyev yayingabahlobo nguElizabeth Taylor, iPrincess Diana, neJacqueline Kennedy ngokobuqu incede kumdanisi ukuba enze ngaphakathi kwindlu yakhe eNew York. URudolph akazange aphoswe lithuba lokubonisa ubuhle, waba liqhawe lokukhululwa kopopu "," apho kuye kwakho ukusebenza kukaPupepep, "khona ukusebenza kwakhe nokuziphatha kukaPiggy kumculo weSwan Lake.
Ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo kunye no-dume, i-nureyev yaba yeyona brank icekeceke ye-ballet, eqokelela imeko yezityalo ezingama- $ 80. Uhlobo lwezinto zayo zokwenyani iphinde zagcwaliswa minyaka le: WayengaseNew York, EFARTATE e-USA, eFrance, e-Itali. UNuhiyev wade wafumana i-archipelago encinci, kwesinye seziqithi ezakhiwe ivili eneklasi ye-ballet kunye nechibi lokuqubha. Kwakungekho lula ukwenza oko, kuba kwakungekho manzi amatsha kunye nombane kwi-archipelago.
Iimuvi kunye nomculo
Buyela kwiSoviet Union, i-Nunelayev yaqala inkwenkwezi kwifilimu "Indiza yomphefumlo", yanikezelwa kwi-Ofisi yoManyano Yase-Israndi yeSikolo saseKheke. Emva kwexesha, yayiyeyona nto iphambili yobuso beqela lefilimu, umzekelo, umzekelo, uRomeo noJuliet, "i - umdaniso", "abancinci nokufa". Kodwa kukho i-biographies ye-rudolph kunye neendima ezimbini kwi-rinema yezamagcisa. Udlale i-rudulph valentino kwidrama ye-valentino yendalo kunye noDaniel Jelina kwi-melodrama "kwintshayelelo", apho wasebenzisana khona ne-Nastaski yaseNestaski.
Intsomi ye-ballet yaziwa ngokuba ngumphathi we-balletmaster, owenza owahlukileyo kwi-Classic Perng "ye-Nutcracker", "DONO", "uCinderella", "uCwan Lake. Ukongeza, i-Nureyev ibeka i-ballet yoqobo "I-takredi" kunye "ne-Manfred".
Xa i-rudulf yayiyintloko ye-ruupe ye-paris Grand opera ngo-1980, yaqala ukukhuthaza abadlali abancinci kunye nabadlali abakhokelayo kunye neeNkulumbuso, ezaziyinto entsha kwisenzo somhlaba. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje yobomi, indoda yayingasakwazi ukudanisa, kodwa yayingafuni ukuba nenxaxheba yethiyetha kwaye yaqala ukuqhuba i-orchestra. Ngaphezu koko, lo msebenzi, ukuba kude sabamema ngokukodwa ukuba eRashiya yaye kwinqanaba le-Tatar Opera House e Kazan lwaqhutywa yi-ballet "Romeo and Juliet" yaye "Nutcracker".
Ubomi Buqu
Ubomi bobuqu beRudolph nouhiv yayixhunyiwe ngamadoda: Umculi we-ballet wayevulekile. Nangona abanye abantu abaqhelene bakhe bexoxa ukuba wayenazo iinoveli zamantombazana kwasebutsheni bakhe. Umdanisi ngokwakhe wavuma ukuba wayenokuba ngutata kabini, kodwa yena wakuphazamiseka kukhulelwe ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukeneyo.
Kananjalo i-rudolf yolwalamano lothando kunye neqabane lakhe, i-Ballerina yaseGreatrina Margo Fontein, eyayimdala kangangeminyaka eli-15. Nangona kunjalo, abadanisi ngokwabo babize olu lwalamano lokomoya kwaye lunobuhlobo.
Xa iBallerina isweleke ngumhlaza, i-Nuhiyev yahlawula zonke iindleko zakhe zonyango kwaye yathi ukuba angayenza umfazi kaMargo ngexesha elinye, ke ubomi bobabini ngebenze buphumelele ngakumbi. Nangona kunjalo, la magama andithi hayi ngenoveli endala, kodwa malunga nokuthandabuza ngenxa yobomi - uRudolph wayesazi ukuba ngokwakhe uyafa.
Imigca kwimifanekiso ye-GettyNgamaxesha ahlukeneyo, i-Nureyev, i-rumored, yayinolwalamano olunje ngeenkwenkwezi ezinjengeemvumi zelanga frededie mercury kunye ne-mick jveger, imvumi e-Elton John. Kodwa umdanisi weDenmark, uEric Brun, wasala lothando oluphambili kubomi bobuqu beRudolf. Abantu babekunye iminyaka engama-25, bakuphele ekufeni kukaEric ngo-1986. Ulwalamano oluphakathi kwabo lwalungalula, kuba kwisidlo sasemini, isiRashiya noDane saba sisichasi esigqibeleleyo.
Ukufa
Emva ngo-1983, intsholongwane yeGodenesificys yafunyanwa kwiGazi leRudolph Nureyev. Esi sifo siye savela, kwaye emva kweminyaka eli-10, ngoJanuwari 6, 1993, kwidolophu yaseParis, umdanisi omkhulu wasweleka ngenxa ye-AIDS.
Phantsi kwemfuno yakhe, umzimba wangcwatyelwa kumangcwaba waseRussia waseStvieve de Boua, kwaye ingcwaba ligutyungelwe yikhaphethi yePersi.
Imemori
Ngaphandle kwento yokuba umculi we-ballet wala ummi wase-USSR, kwilizwe lakhe baqonda ukuba isigqibo sakhe kwaye baqhubeka nokuxabisa umsebenzi weRudolf. Emva kokusweleka kwe-muchevava, igama lakhe labelwa kwiKholeji ye-Bashkir Choreographic, isitalato e-UFA, kwaye wavula imyuziyam. Ukongeza, umthendeleko wonyaka we-ballet yeklasiki ye-rudulf nudullev iqhutywa eTatarsstan, kwaye ngoNovemba ka-2018, kwavulwa ityeni kwiKazan.
Emva kokubhubha kukaMatra, umntu wakhe wafumana ubomi besibini kubugcisa. Kwinkumbulo yakhe, iitephu zoxwebhu "iRudolf Nureyev. Idemon evukelayo "," rudolph nohiyv. Isiqithi samaphupha akhe, "kwindawo yemidlalo yaseRoma Viktyuk, umdlalo" wokufunda. I-Rudolf Nureyev ", nakwimidlalo yeqonga laseSergey Yokovsky-Ukuveliswa kwenkululeko yenkululeko", apho i-iles i-ilepa ithatha inxaxheba.
Ngo-2018, i-premiere yedrama "muhiyev. I-White Raven "Umlingi we-Britane noMlawuli we-Graf, apho amagcisa e-Ballet Avenkov, eChulpan Hamatov, e-Ravshan Kurkova, Anastasia Meskov. Ngo-2019, le filimu yaziswa kwi-ofisi yebhokisi yaseRussia.