Biography
Iphecana lezinto ezingaqhelekanga kunye ne-pinomena kubantu ababantu. Ukuba uyayiqonda, ubukho bomntu buqhelekile ngezinto ezinjengezinto ezinjalo kunye ne-phenomena, kunye nokutsalwa kwabo okulandelayo. Akumangalisi ukuba ngokuhamba kwexesha kukho uDeltsi, ogqibe kwelokuba asebenzise le ntsola yeenjongo ze-merchenary. I-Phineas Taylor Barnum nayo yeyabo.Ubuntwana noLutsha
Umdlalo odumileyo waseMelika wazalelwa kwiSixeko se-Betel Connecticut. Yenzeka nge-5 kaJulayi 1810. Utata wenkwenkwe, umfune wefilo, wambamba i-chain encinci yeevenkile kwiBetel. Makunye kamama wezemali, irin taylor barnum, ulwazi alonelanga - ngokcinga ukuba, yayiyinzala yabafuduki boBukhosi baseRussia.
Kwanakwiminyaka yokuqala, oomadada baqalisa ukusebenza kwivenkile kaBawo, kwaye kwiminyaka eli-13 sele eyinkosi yakhe. Kwangelo xesha, igosa lolonwabo lwezeRhwebo lezeRhwebo laqala ukuthengisa amatikiti eLottery kwivenkile yayo. Umntu othe ngokukhawuleza uthembisa ngovuyo kunye nothando lokuzonwabisa ukuze abantu bachithe ize ize ize ize ize ize nemali yokugqibela, kwaye esi yayisisiqalo sokubonisa oosomanyanisa ngendlela yokufumana i-goos.
Iingcinga ezinjalo zaphazamiseka uBarruma Jr. ukusuka emsebenzini, okukhokelela ekuvaleni ivenkile. Besifuna imali yobomi, kwaye oomadadada babengafuni ukubabuza. Ke ngoko, ndaphelisa iprojekthi yam entsha - ndaqala ukupapasha iphephandaba elithi "Inkululeko".
I-Taylor Barnuma yayingenamali yokugcina imeko yababhali beendaba, ke lona incoko eprintiweyo kwi "Helegal" yayiphithiphileyo, engathembekanga, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ngokubanzi ngokubanzi. Kukho abo babonayo kumanqaku okunyelisa. Ngenxa yoko, oomatshini babizelwa enkundleni, kwaye emva kwentolongo yeNkundla yaseDanbury iminyaka emi-2. "Inkululeko yeHuracking" yayeka ukubakho.
Kumbhiyozo womhla wakho wamashumi amabini anesihlanu, ngexesha lengxoxo kunye nomhlobo wakudala nguBartmom, oomasdas bafunda ngo-Mnu. Iminyaka elikhulu nenesiqingatha kwaye nguNynechka Hoshington, osisiseko wase-United States of America.
I-Taylor Barnuma lo mbono ukhuthaza. Kwimali ebonisiweyo, ngokunjalo kwezinye zemali yabo, uya kuthenga umnqwazi ondala no Mnu Lindsay. Isixa se "numbing yaseWashington" sasihlawulwe thina - iwaka leedola (kubantu abasempilweni kwaye bahlawulwe kancinci). Kunye ne-joyce hat messats ye-joys iya kukhenketho eMelika. Ibhinqa elimnyama lekhoboka laliphumelele phakathi koluntu, kodwa iBarnum yakhathaza le nzala kwiinkcukacha ezahlukeneyo ukusuka ebomini "Nynechki".
UJoyce wasweleka ngoFebruwari 1836. Ibarnum ikwazile ukuphakamisa imeko yakhe, kodwa le nguqulo yeziganeko ayimlinganisi. Kwaye wafumana indlela yokuphuma: Phineas wacela izazinzulu kunye nabafundi ukuba bavule ibhinqa elifileyo elifileyo, bebeka ibonakaliso yegazi elihlawulelweyo koku. Isigqibo sasiyingozi, kodwa imeko yatshiswa ngaphandle. Ayizange igqume le seshoni yemaxiya nokuba, ngokwemiphumo ye-autopsy, umnqwazi wexhego wawungaphantsi kweminyaka yobudala. Emva kokuwa kwabasetyhini abamnyama bekhoboka, ishishini likaTaylor Barunama laqhubeka ukwehla.
Isekethe i-barnuma
Ngo-1841, i-Eyonasa kwixabiso elihlekisayo lingayihlawulela imyuziyam yaseMelika ye-Skuder kuyo yonke imiboniso. Emva kokwenza ulungiso oluncinci lweziko lezinto ezincinci, kunye nokuhlengahlengiswa kunye nokuhlaziywa kwenxalenye yokuqokelelwa kweempawu, oomatshini bavula iMyuziyam yaseAmerican Americam. Ukusekwa kwakufakwe kwindawo ehleliyo- kwindawo yokuhlangana kwesitalato i-Ann kunye ne-Rusway.
Emva kotyelelo lokuqala, umdla kwimyuziyam yabemi baqala ukunyamalala. Elinye isisombululo esingezonamntu sasifuneka, sikwazi ukutshintsha imeko yemicimbi. I-Soung Aadas ifumene iLiliput Charles Strathton kwaye yamnika ukuba asebenze kwimyuziyam, ukonwabisa iindwendwe. I-liliply yavuma. Bebonke beza nomfanekiso kaTom-General tom-Tama, ozukisiweyo iStrattton yabo bonke iMelika nangaphaya. Kwaye iTaylor Barumama yayinyanzela ukuba ihlaziye imbono yeziko lakhe.
Ukuqatshelwa luncedo lwe-boston comrade mosyaroid kimball, kunye nenkxaso yemali kaJames uBailey, i-james iguqule ingqokelela ye-Siamese Twins kunye ne-Indian Deder du-ham kwisizwe sakwaSakov, Ibizwa ngokuba yiFiji Mermaids, Elephant Jumbo, Elephant Jumbo, eCanada Giaring Anna Sven kunye ne-Wolf Ocpen e-Russia egama linguFespern Encctiethov, ngenxa yomzimba wakhe wonke wagutyungelwa iinwele ezininzi).
Imyuziyam ye-barnuma yaphinda yabizwa ngokuba yiBarnuma Mobile. Ndikunye ne-ruupe yayo ethile, uPineas wahamba nomdla waseMelika naseYurophu. ENgilani, ukulibaziseka ukususela ngo-Matshi ukuya kwi-20 ukuya kuJulayi 20, 1845, kwisicelo sikaKumkanikazi uVictoria. Ngo-1855, iTaylor Barum yayifuna ukumka kwimicimbi, kodwa iingxaki zemali zamnyanzela ukuba abuyele kwintsimi yangaphambili.
Nangona kunjalo, yayingeyongozi ye-United Barnum. Ubhale kwaye wapapasha iincwadi ezintathu (ezingakhange zibale i-Autobiography) - "Ilizwe elikhohlisayo" ngo-1865, "iimfazwe" ngo-1869 kunye "nobugcisa bokwenza imali" ngo-1880. Ngo-1850, wakwazi ukucwangcisa ukhenketho olukhulu lwe-United States ye-United States ye-Sweden Operide Mohanna Maria Maria lind. Itotali ye-150 iyonke eyenzekayo.
Waqala kwezopolitiko kumashumi amahlanu, kodwa wayiphazamisa ngenxa yokuthatha inxaxheba kwimfazwe yamakhaya e-United States, ebanjwe ukusuka kwi-1861 ukuya kwi-1865. Emva kwemfazwe, sele lilungu lePhephabliki yaseRiphabhlikhi, iba lilungu leSixeko saseForfield. Kule ndawo, oomadadan bakhonza izihlandlo ezi-2. Ngo-1867, wayebaleka eCongress - iZiko leMithetho ePhakamileyo laseMelika.
Ngo-1875, iba nguSodolophu weSixeko sasePortgeport. Ngayo, umba wokuphucula ubonelelo lwamanzi lusonjululwe, kunye notshintsho olupheleleyo kwi-igesi. Umbuzo wento yokutshintsha kweziselo ezinxilisayo kunye nombuzo wokuhenyuza kukwalawulwa. Udlale ukulingana kwabantu ngolusu olumnyama nolumhlophe. Waziqhelanisa ne-Sporne Harnet Becher-Stow "I-Hut Tom", yakhutshwa ngo-1853.
Ii-chassas zikwazile ukuziva ziqinile nomongameli u-Abraham Lincoln kunye nombhali onguMatway Twain (into ekhankanyiweyo kwidayari yakhe). I-Taylor Barnum ishiyele emva kwakhe ilifa elinzulu - amaqhinga akhe (njengoko wayembiza) ukuza kuthi ga kulo mhla, abathengisi kunye nabathengisi beenkampani ezikhokelayo ziyasetyenziswa. Nditsho nefuthe lengqondo lokuqinisekiswa kwesiqinisekiso, elonwabela abaqulunqi bee-horoscopes, ii-chirromants kunye nezixhobo zazo zonke iinkosi, zifumene igama lakhe - isiphumo sakhe se-barnum.
Ubomi Buqu
I-barnum yayitshatile kabini. Umfazi wokuqala wayeyigama leHarty Hellet, wayehlala emtshatweni de kwangama-1873. Umfazi wesibini waba yintlanzi eNancy, awayetshata ngayo unyaka emva koqhawulo-mtshato kunye nethanga kwaye waphila de wafa.
Lilonke, oodata babenabantwana aba-4, omnye wabo wafa kakhulu. Ii-3 ezintathu ze-helen maria herd, d. thompson kunye neW. G. KARETE.
Ukufa
Usomashishini wasweleka nge-7 ka-Epreli, 1891. Yenzekile kwiSixeko saseBridgeport. I-Soung Wangcwatyelwa kwiNtaba yeNtaba yeArdhety ekhula. Kwiminyaka emibini kamva, kwamiswa isikhumbuzo kwi-Sisayd Park - njengophawu lombulelo ngokuthandana phambi kwesixeko nakwilizwe.
Ngo-2002, uMartin Scorse "Gang New York" wakhutshwa kwizikrini, apho i-Syas Taylor Barnum ivele. Indima yakhe yenziwa ngumdlali we-roger Ashton Griffiths. Emva kweminyaka eli-15, enye iteyiphu yapapashwa ngokuthatha inxaxheba kwegorha kaTaylor Barnuma, waba ngumfanekiso kaMichael Garti "oyena mboniselo ubalaseleyo apho kwenziwa khona iHugh Jughman.