Biography
Kirsan Nikolaevich Ilyumzhinov - Wezvematongerwo enyika, muzvinabhizimusi anozivikanwa, Ex-Head of the Kalmykia uye Mutungamiriri weInternational Chess Federation (Fide). Musi waApril 5, 1962, muguta rine nhoroondo reElista, Nikolai Dorzhinovich nemudzimai wake Rimma Alektsevna, mukomana akaberekwa mangwanani-ngwanani, ainzi Kirsan.
Mabhizimusi anowanzoyeuka kuti mushure mekuzvarwa kwake pakati pehama pakanga paine kupokana. Bumbiro rinogumbura raive chokwadi kuti mumhuri kwenguva yakareba akatadza kusarudza kuti izita rekuti vape mwana. Nikolai Dorzhinovich kuti Mwanakomana azokurukurwa nababamunini vake Kiriyan Kiriyan, uye ambuya vezvematare ezvematongerwo enyika vakarota kuti muzukuru wake waizodaidza kuti baba vake - zvakashata. Maererano netsika yeKalmyk, izwi rekupedzisira rakasara mumusoro memhuri, asi nekuda kwechikonzero chechikadzi, ambuya vakadana mukomana nezita reBadma kusvika kirasi yekutanga.
Jaya racho, pamwe nehama dzaro, rakakura mumuenzaniso wekuenzanisira: baba vake, mainjiniya edzidzo, aive munzvimbo yemushandi webato. Amai vaKirani vakashanda semuvambi veVeterinari, uye munguva yake yemahara ainyanya kufarirwa nemaruva eAlekseevna akanyatsofarira uyu Alexy, uyo anga achishanyira Ilyumzhin).
Ilyumzhinov akakura mumwana anobvunza, achiverenga mabhuku aaiwanzofarira mitambo inoshanda mumhepo nyowani nevakomana veyadhi. Zvinozivikanwa kuti basa raKirani yaKirani raive neiyo autobiographical roman nikovsky "kuti yakashambadzirwa sei". Kutenda kune iyo ongororo pfungwa uye padyo neDhiri rejaya raive nevamwe vashanu. Naizvozvo, hazvishamise kuti muna 1979 Kirsan akapedza chikoro chechitatu Elista aine menduru yegoridhe.
Mushure mekugamuchira chitupa chekukura, Mutungamiri wenhamba yeKalmykia, iro riri basa rinorema: Anopedza kudzidza akashanda kwegore rimwe muunganidzi wezasi, uye mumajaya 1980s anga asvika pazera rekufona ndokuenda Kuti ushumire muNorth Caucasian Dunhu. Munguva yehumwe muuto, Kirsan akagamuchira chiitiko chakakosha muzvombo zvinokwanisika uye vakadzidza kuuraya nguva yakakosha, kunze kwaiye murume akaziva kuti kwaive kushanda muchikwata uye kudzivirira zvido zvake apo iyo iscarchical system ine mauto emauto.
Kupfuurirazve muna 1982, Kirsan akapinda mune imwe yemayunivhesiti makuru eRussia
Muna 1988, pakutora kwenhema kwekunyora kwemaviri-kushamwari yemudzidzi ane zvipo kwakasiyiwa kubva kuMGimo seAfghan-Irani Spy. Zvakare, Ilyumzhinov inokurudzirwa nenhema nekunwa doro, kupindwa muropa nezvinodhaka uye kuchengetedza kwe cyano potassium. Mushure mezvinyorwa zvakadzokororwa zveKiriyan, muzita raMikhail Sergeevich Gorgeevich Gorbachich uye yegore, murume wechidiki akapedzerwa kuyunivhesiti semugari akavimbika weRussia, uye zvese zvaipomerwa zvakabviswa.
Mushure mekupedza kudzidza kuyunivhesiti Ilyumzhinov vakatora chinzvimbo chekugadzirisa chikamu chikuru cheJesliymariti mitsubishi Maererano nezvematongerwo enyika, izvi zvakaitika mubhizinesi rekunze ndiyo yekutanga uye yakakosha kwaari. Chokwadi ndechekuti Kirsan agara achibvunza kuti awane mamirioni. Nekudaro, apo Ilyumzhinov, nekuda kwekushingirira nebasa, akabvarura kusimba kukuru, mufaro wake wakanyangarika: Akaziva kuti mari haifanire kumira munzvimbo yekutanga muhupenyu hwemunhu.
Chess
Kirmans's Gymnastics akatanga kudzidza kubvira achiri mudiki. Ilyumzhinov saHarry Kasparov akanyura nhamba gumi nenhanhatu pane checkered bhodhi uye akarwisa vanopikisa nekukasira shomes uye mats evana. Naizvozvo, hazvishamise kuti, kuve achiri kuyaruka kwemakore gumi nemashanu, Ilyumzhinov akatungamira timu yevanhu vakuru yeKalmykia in Chess.
Mukuwa kwa1995, Kirsan akatanga kutora hutungamiri hweNational Chess Federation (Fide). Sekureva kwaIlyumzhinov, kuenda kuFrance kuFide Congress, haana kufungidzira kuti aizova musoro wesangano remitambo. Nekudaro, hunyanzvi hwakadaro hwezviitiko zvakafanotaurwa neBulgaria Clairvoyant wang. Mukuwa kwa2010, Kirsan akatora chigaro cheMutungamiri weMutungamiri weFride. Maererano nerunyerekupe, iyo mhare yenyika muSiss Sports Anatoly Karpov akadaidzira iyi post.
Izvo zvinozivikanwa zvakare kuti Ilyumzhino korona yedhaimani yeHarry Kasparov, iyo iyo yekupedzisira yakaitika muna 1990 muAnatoly Karpov mumusoro weMusoro weMusoro Wenyika Common. Sekureva kwaanokunda, zvishongo zvekushongedza kambani "Corloff" kuremedza 7.5 kg Harry isa kutengesa kuitira kubatsira vapoteri veArmenia kubatsira mari yacho.
Zvematongerwo enyika
Muna 1983, Kirsan Nikolavich akabatana neCommunist Party yeSoviet Union. Pashure pokunge Ilyumzhinov akawana mamirioni ake ekutanga muna 1990, mabhizimusi akabatanidzwa zvakanyanya mumabasa ekutengesa uye akatanga kutungamira kushamwaridzana nedzimwe nyika "San". Gare gare, Kilsan akazova Muvambi weKalmyk Bank "Steppe", uye akaisawo guta rake mumabhizinesi ezvemusoro uye anoisa mari muzvikamu zvebasa rebasa - maresitorendi uye mahotera.
Mukati me1990, IlyumzHino akava nyanzvi yekurumbidza mubatanidzwa weCossacks yeKalmykia pasi pehutungamiriri hweAtaman Yuri Khalov. Mushure memakore matatu, muzvinabhizinesi akatorwa semutungamiri wenyika yeRussia kamuri yevabati vevabati, uye vakatangawo chinzvimbo chakafanana muKalmykia. Muna 1991, Ilyumzhinopinda akapinda mune iyo mapoka eiyo nzvimbo yepamhepo yedare reMSFSR. Panenge panguva imwe chete iyoyo, jaya rinosangana nemutungamiri wekutanga weRussia Boris Yeltsin, uyo, akavimbika, akavimbika muElistin.
Musi waApril 1, 1993, Kirsan Nikolavich, yakava Mutungamiri weRepublic of Kalmykia, purezil Contrive Muna 1995, Ilyumzhinov akagadziriswazve chinzvimbo chemusoro wehurumende pamberi pehurongwa. Izwi rechipiri rakanonoka kwemakore manomwe, kusvika 2002 (muna 2002 Kirsan Nikolaevich zvakare akakunda mauto emutungamiriri).
Zvinokosha kuti mukudonha kwa1998, Ilyumzhino revo yezvirevo, achitonga izvo kuderedzwa kweKalmykia kubva kuRussia Federation yakafungidzirwa (nekuda kwekurapa kwemari kubva kufuma yeRussia). Naizvozvo, hofisi yemuchengeti wemuchato weRussia yakaongororwa neIlyumzhinov.
Muna 2005, vladimir putin sagadzhi Ilyumzhinov, uyo muna 2004 akava nhengo yeUnited Russia, musoro weRepublic of Kalmykia kwenguva yakati rebwe kwemakore mashanu. MunaSeptember 2010, Kirsan Nikolavich, achitevera mutemo wekudzoreredza, akataura kuti aisatarisira kumhanyisa chinzvimbo ichi kwenguva yechishanu. Alexey Orlov akava mutsivi weIlyumzhinov, anosarudzwa neMutungamiri Dmitry Ditry Medvedev.
Hupenyu Hwako
Vanga kufungidzira haisi iyo yekupedzisira nguva dzechokwadi muhupenyu hweKalmyk Entrepreneur. Muna 2001, kutaura parufazi "rusununguko", vezvematongerwo enyika vakaita chirevo chinonaka: Maererano neKirinani, musi waSeptember 18, 1997, akashanyira ngarava yenyama nevatorwa.
Kana iri mhuri, nemumwe wekutanga Danara Davashkin Kirsan akasangana muchikoro. Kubva muwanano iyi, mwanakomana waDavidi akazvarwa, uyo, maererano nezvematongerwo enyika, imwe nguva aifarira chess uye akabata zvigaro zvekutanga kumakwikwi echikoro. Sarudzo dzechipiri dzemamiriyoni emamiriyoni yakave yakava Razumv. Zvakare, kune rumwe ruzivo, Kirsan Nikolayevich ane mwanasikana Alina.
Izvo zvinozivikanwa kuti Ilyumzhino anofarira kufamba-famba pasi uye nekutenga: Mutungamiriri weKalmykia anopfeka neSinalwe, akada kufarirwa nemhando dzakakurumbira, dzakadai seBronio neBroni. Mafungiro ake mahembe anopenya ehembe yekirasi yakatemwa. Anodawo kutenga maawa anodhura uye anogara aine dombo-talisman naye - 57-Carat Indian Safire.
Kirsan Ilyumzhinov ikozvino
Muna 2016, Ilyumzhino akatanga chikamu muchirongwa "ega nemunhu wese," kwaakazotaura nezvebasa rake, nezve chess uye nezvemaitiro akaitwa nezvematongerwo enyika.Muchirimo cha 2017, iyo International Chess Federation yakazivisa kuti Kirsan Nikolayevich inogara. Nekudaro, iyo yekare yeKalmykia yakaramba ruzivo urwu. Iyo Fide President Council ichiri yakasimbisa kuti kusimuka kwakaitwa, uye kuchakurukurwa munguva pfupi iri kutevera.
Kubudirira
- Order "for Merit to Samburlia" IV Degree (Kurume 17, 2011);
- Kurongeka kweushamwari (Kubvumbi 3, 1997) - Kuti uwane kuHurumende uye mupiro wakakura usimbise hushamwari uye kushandira pamwe pakati pendudzi;
- Kukudzwa kweMutungamiri weRussian Federation (Zvita 12, 2008) - Zvekutora chikamu chekugadzirira bumbiro reRussia Federation uye mupiro wakakura wekusimudzira nheyo dzeRussia Federation;
- Mubairo wehurumende yeRussia Federation mumunda weSainzi uye tekinoroji ya2008 (Kurume 10, 2009) - Kubudirira uye kuisirwa kweiyo yekugadzira mari yekuwana nyama yemombe pamusoro pechiRussia zvipfuyo zve nyama;
- Kuonga kweMutungamiri weRussia Federation (Nyamavhuvhu 12, 1996) - Zvekutora chikamu musangano uye kubata mushandirapamwe wakasarudzwa weMutungamiriri weRussia Federation muna1996;
- Kuonga kumutungamiriri weRussia Federation (Nyamavhuvhu 25, 2005) - Zvekutora chikamu mune basa reiyo dare reRussia Federation;
- Nhengo yeKuremekedzo yeRussia yeUrussiemy yehunyanzvi;
- Musoro we "gamba reKalmykia" nemharidzo yehurongwa hweiyo chena lotus (Kubvumbi 5, 2012);
- Honorary Dr. Reu. Plekahanov mu tashkent.