Tari
Yammacin wasan mamayar nazis na Nazis na na Turai ya mamaye Turai, yana rike matsayin kwamandan shugaban kasar Turai. Organ Norman, farawa da fitowar rana a ranar 6 ga Yuni, 1944, ya kawo nasara ga Janar. A cikin 1952, wakilan jam'iyyar Jam'iyyar sun amince da cewa Eisenhower, wanda a wancan lokacin ya umarci zaben kasar Nasthalaya, ya shiga cikin zaben shugaban kasa. Dwight ya lashe yawan kuri'un ADLSONE - Democrat, sannan kuma sake zabensu don wa'adi na biyu (1953-1961).
A lokacin mulkin Eisenhower, a cikin mahallin na gaske ga amfani da kayan kwalliyar atomic da aka yi wa USSR na yau da kullun na kwantar da hankali.
A cikin gida, a cikin jihohin, mutane sun da hankali da gaske, kuma Eisenhuer ya gabatar da shirye-shiryen manyan hanyoyin da ya nuna a bayan al'amuran mota Joseph McCarthy, ya nuna cewa karin kwaminisanci da aka nuna. Shugaban, ko da yake yana da kariyar jama'a, amma ya zame a kan kare hakkokin Amurkawa na asalin Afirka, ya kasa cikakken dokar koli ta hada makarantu (1954).
Yaro da matasa
An haifi Eisenhuer Dwight a cikin Denisone (Texas) a ranar 14 ga Oktoba, 1890. Yaron ya girma a cikin gidan matalauta, inda daga 'ya'yan' ya'yan Ubangiji suka zama na uku, cikin birnin Abilen, Kansas. A kan iyayen samarin samari da tunani. Zuwa tsoratarwar uwa, mai tsoron Furotesta da Pacifircki, matasa Ike (kamar yadda yake kusa) ya zama ɗalibin makarantar soja na New York a yamma.
Wani saurayin ya shirya zuwa Turai, amma ƙarshen tashin shi ne dalilin jin daɗin ɗan ƙaramin jami'in matasa. Amma ba da daɗewa ba ya yi nasarar rattaba hannu kan hedkwatar kungiyar kwallon kafa a Fort Lavenworth (Kansas), sannan Douglas MacArthur, shugaban rundunar sojan Amurka. Shekaru huɗu, Enenhower ya rayu a cikin tsibirin Philippine.
Hawan gidansa ya koma cikin gidansa jim kaɗan bayan harin na Nazi Jamus zuwa Poland, wanda ya haifar da karuwa a cikin yakin duniya na II a kan iyakar Turai na babban kasar. Eisenhower ya shugabanci kamfen din Taken cikin 1942, kuma ya gabatar da dakaru zuwa kasashen Afrika, sannan a tsibirin Sicily, wanda ya kai faduwar Rome a lokacin bazara na 1944.
A cikin 1943, Eisenhower, wanda ke da matsayin shugaban ƙasa, shugaba shugaba ne, kuma a watan Disamba a watan Disamba ya fara mamaye sojojin a cikin ainihin sojojin Turai. A rana ta 6 ga Yuni a Yuni, 1944, da abokan suna sun ƙetare shinge tsakanin Biritaniya da Faransa kuma na kuma matsa bakin teku na Normandy. Sakamakon mamayewa shi ne 'yancin Paris a ranar 25 ga Agusta, wanda ya yanke hukunci game da yaki a Turai. Bayan ya tashi daga Cibiyar Libe ANEUTNAN CONELILE A cikin shekaru biyar, Eisenhow ya koma ga gwarzo a Amurka don ya zama hedkwatar hedikwatar Soikzawar Amurka.
Aikin siyasa
A cikin 1948, hidimar soja na hagu kuma sun dauki matsayin shugaban Shugaba Jami'ar Columbia. A takaice dai dawowa yanayin rayuwar jama'a a cikin 1950 ya ƙare lokacin da Shugaba Harry Truman ya nemi Eisenhuer ya dauki sabbin sojoji na Nato a kasar Turai. A wannan matsayin, Eisenhuer ya shirya ƙirƙirar ƙungiyar soja guda da za ta iya magance rikicewar kwaminisanci a duniya.
A cikin 1952, lokacin da shaharar jirgin ya fadi saboda yakin da yaƙin tare da Koriya, Eisenhuer a karkashin matsin shugaban Republican Runally for shugaban kasar.
A taron jam'iyyar na kasa a watan Yuli, wanda ya zura kwallaye ya zura kwallaye ne ga matakin farko na zaben. A karkashin taken "Ina son IK", a matsayin mataimaki ga Californian Richard Nikkson Richard Nikkson Richard Nokson Richard Nokson Richards Nikokson Richarson don zama Shugaban Kasar Amurka (kuma sake zabensa a karo na biyu, sakamakon shi ne aka zabe shi na biyu lokaci, duk da matsalolin kiwon lafiya bayan sun canza bugun zuciya).
Shugaban U.s.A
Shekarun hukumar Eisenhower (01/093330033.01.1961) suna halarta a karshen aikin soja na soja a Koriya, dangantakar dumama da Rasha da kuma Rasha da farkon zaman lafiyar American ".
Babban kwatance na aikin Eisenhower:
- Kammala zalunci ga bayyanar ra'ayoyin hagu (musamman dangane da McCarthy);
- Gina hanyoyi a duk faɗin ƙasar;
- Girma na rashin aiki na jihar a cikin tattalin arziki;
- "Koctrine eisenhuer", wanda ke lalata da kowane jiha ya kamata ya dogara da taimakon sojojin Amurka tun bayan wani hari na wasu kasashe.
Kodayake dangantakar da ke tsakanin Amurka da Rasha ta kasance cikin dumi, ciki har da taro tare da Nikita Khrashchev, wanda aka gudanar a cikin 1969, a lokacin bazara na Eisenhower akan duniya.
A cikin jawabin sa na ban kwana a cikin hunturu na 1961, Eisenhuer ya yi magana game da hatsarori na hadadden masana'antar masana'antu. Sakamakon hadewar tsaro na bukatar nasarori a fagen fasahar, tsohon shugaban ya gargadi game da hadin gwiwar soja da kasuwanci, wanda ya yi barazanar da wani tasiri ga hadadden na kasa da kasa. Koyaya, gargadi ba a ji ba, duk da zamanin yakin Cacar.
Siyasar ta cikin gida
Duk da yawancin 'yan jam'iyyar dimokiradiyya a cikin majalisa na shida na shekaru takwas na zamansa a post, Eisenhower (Republan) sun sami nasarar zartarwa da yawa. Baya ga ci gaba da ci gaba da sabuwar hanya da "gaskiya yarjejeniyarsa" na magabata da kuma raunin jama'a, ya kuma kirkiro da sashen lafiya, ilimi da amincin lafiya. A cikin 1956, Eisenhower ya haifar da tsarin babbar hanyar mota, gina mil 41,000 na hanyoyi a cikin ƙasar.
A lokacin farko na Esienhuer, manufofin kwantar da kwaminisanci na Senat-Republich Republichpublublubpublican McCarthy ta doke 'yan' yan siyasa na 'yan kasa, wanda ya haifar da jerin tattaunawar talabijin na malihai a cikin bazara na 1954. Don kiyaye hadin kan bikin, Eisenhow ya hana daga sukar jama'a na McCarthy, ko da yake bai son sanannen abin da ya shafi McCarthy kuma a qarshe ya ba da izinin izinin Republican.
Koyaya, Eisenhuer har yanzu yana fama da damuwa a cikin 'yancin ɗan adam na Amurkawa na Afirka. A shekara ta 1954, a batun Oliver launin ruwan kasa, Kotun Kotun Amurka ta yanke hukunci cewa rarrabuwar makarantar ne ba ta doka. A cewar Eisenhower, digiri na faruwa a hankali, kuma ya yi amfani da sojojin Tarayya don tallafawa hukuncin yanke hukunci, Arkansas, a cikin 1957 don tabbatar da haɗarin sakandare a can. Eisenhere ya rattaba hannu kan doka a kan hakkin jama'a a shekarar 1957 da 1960, suna ba da kariya ta gwamnatin farko da aka amince da su a Amurka bayan gyaran kudu.
Manufofin Harkokin Waje
Jim kadan bayan bangarwar, Eisenhower ya sanya hannu a makara wanda ya zama ƙarshen yakin Koriya. Baya ga aikawa da sojoji zuwa Lebanon a shekara ta 1958, ba a sake amfani da sojojin da makamai ba a waje da yankin Amurka, kodayake shugaban, ba tare da bata lokaci ba. Ya ba da izinin CIA don aiwatar da ayyukan sirri da kungiyar Kwaminisanci a cikin kasashen waje, biyu daga cikin shugabannin Iran da Guatemala a 1953-1954. A cikin 1954, Eisenhower ya yanke shawarar hana yajin aiki akan ceton sojojin Faransa daga shan wajan kasar nan tsakaninta, wanda ya taimaka wa Gwamnatin Kudancin Vietnam, wanda ya sami tsarin gurguzu tsokani halartar jihohi a cikin yakin Vietnamse.
Eisenhuer yayi kokarin inganta dangantaka da Tarayyar Soviet, musamman a cikin 1953, bayan rasuwar Yusufu Stalin. A lokacin bazara na 1955, a wani taro tare da shugabannin duniya a Geneva (Switzerland), ya ba da shawarar "intanet da Tarayyar Sojoji za su gudanar da shirye-shiryen sojoji a cikin iska. Assr ya yi watsi da shawarar, duk da amincewar ta duniya. A karkashin barazanar girma fasahar Soviet ta makaman makaman nukiliya, Eisenhower da John Fosta na Arewa, wadanda suka cimma nasarar da kungiyar ta Kudu maso Gabas ta Kudu, don fama fadada kwaminisanci a yankin.
Rayuwar sirri
Bayan ya sami babban ilimi, Eisenhuer a San Antonio ya hadu da Maymi Geneva Rabu, wanda ya yi samarwa a ranar 14 ga watan Fabrairu, 1916. Bayan bikin aure, ma'auratan sun haifi 'ya'ya maza biyu - Dudait Duda (wanda ya mutu daga scarletin cikin shekaru uku) da Yahaya.
Mai 'yar jikoki Susan ta shiga aure tare da masanin kimiyyar Rasha, a wajen a ci gaba da lokacin da ya danganta kakansa tare da' yar da Nixon, da kuma yi mika mulki Shugaba Nixon.
Mutuwa Dwight Eisenhower
Eisenhuer yana da manyan abubuwa a cikin masu jefa ƙuri'a waɗanda ba za su iya shafar zargi ba game da tsarin mulkinsa. Suna fitowa daga ofis a cikin hunturu na 1961, ya tafi gidan ƙasa a Getitisburg, inda ya yi aiki, yafi aiki sama da littafin tunawa. Shugaban Amurka ya mutu a ranar 28 ga Maris, 1969, bayan dogon cuta.Faɗa
- "Jami'in diflomasiyya mutum ne wanda ya dauki abubuwa da yawa don yin tunani na dogon lokaci kafin ya faɗi komai."
- "Taken taken Dimbin dimokiradiyya ba" bari ya sanya gwamnati, "kuma" bari muyi da kanka ba "
- "Za mu cimma duniya ko da ma dole mu yi yaƙi domin wannan."
- "Abin da muke kiran al'amuran kasashen waje ba su fiye da kowane. Yanzu al'amuran ciki ne ... "
Tunani
- Bai san cewa a cikin Potsdam ba, a 1945, Eisenhuer ya yi tsayayya da amfani da kayan kwalliyar atomic da Nagasaki. Ya yi jayayya cewa Japan ta riga ta kasance a bakin ƙofa ta miƙa hannu, da kuma farkon wanda ya yi amfani da wannan mummunan makami, zai iya lalata darajar Amurka a fagen daga Arena, wanda kawai ya kai mafi girman maki.
- A lokacin haɗuwa da Eisenhere tare da Zhakiv, an bi da ɗan American "Koloy". Zhukov yana son dandano sosai har ya nemi eisenhuer game da wadatar da abin sha na musamman don hedkwatar Zhakiv, amma abin sha ya kamata ya karaya. Ma'aikata na shuka sun cika bukatar Marshahhal da kuma aika akwatunan giya 50 zuwa Moscow.
- Budewar gaba na gaba ya kawo Eisenhauer da oda na nasara.
- A matsayin Amurka a cikin abubuwan da suka faru na yakin duniya na II, Eisenhower ya buga wani littafi da ake kira "Crusku a Turai".
- A cikin tunawa da shugaban Amurka na 34, bayanan Dwight a kan tsabar kudi tare da dala daya na daya, hoto a kan tambarin gidan waya na Kyrgyzstan da Amurka.