Tari
Ayyukan marubucin Polandy Polander gerchi na Sohkevich daga duniya ana karanta su yau, kuma compesedan ajiyarsa masu hikima sun watsar da kwatancen. Babban kyautar Nobel don daya daga cikin mafi kyawun tarihin littattafai na tarihi "Kamo yaƙin" tare da aikinsa ya tayar da duniyar Polyakov kuma yana gabatar da duk duniya da al'adu, al'adu da tarihin ƙasar.Yaro da matasa
Henrik Adamaus Alexander Pius Sphekevich ya buga a ranar 5 ga Mayu, 1846 a ƙauyen Volya-Oaksiusk a cikin mulkin Yaren mutanen Poland. 'Yan'uwansa daga mahaifinsa sune Tatars waɗanda suka karɓi bangaskiyar Katolika da suka koma Poland. Dangane da layin kai tsaye, marubucin ya samu halartar belorbusiya na Norbor. Koyaya, iyayen Herrid sun yi la'akari da kansu da full-fage da sandunan da suka cika kuma suka tura wannan tsinkayenta ga ɗanta da ƙarin yara biyar.
Iyalin sauraron yana da matsaloli tare da kuɗi. Mahaifinsa, wanda yake mai ƙasa, ba tsammani ya lalace. A saboda wannan dalili, ana iya tafiya da Senuvichi daga wuri zuwa wuri. Herrik ya sha wahalar da ke tattare da yanayin karkara tare da madarar uwar. Lokacin da aka sayar da dukkan kadaicin dangin, dole ne su ci gaba zuwa babban birnin Poland Warsaw.
Duk da yanayin da ke haifar da shi, saurayi henrik skevich, wanda ya saba da fatan alheri ga kansa, tare da mutunci sami babban ilimi. Ya kammala karatun nan daga wasan motsa jiki, bayan wanda ya shiga babbar makarantar, wanda aka rufe a cikin 1869. Bayan haka, mutumin da ya samu nasarar gabatar da gwaje-gwaje a Jami'ar Lafiya, amma saboda rashin sha'awa ga batutuwa ta koma tarihi da PAPHERColiku.
Komawa cikin shekaru, saurayin ya yi ƙoƙarin shirya ayyukansa na farko - ya farkar da halarta a farkon sa "wanda aka azabtar", amma ba a buga labarin ba.
Neman hanyar yin wani rai, da dalibi ya ɗauki pseudonym Lithuania da kuma fara rubuta articles, makala da makala domin daban-daban periodicals na Warsaw ( "Niva", "Poland ta jaridar" da sauransu). Hanyoyinsa da aka kirkira don rubutu da haske da sauri da sauri sun nuna godiya a cikin da'irar Journalmy, Soar Herrik ya jefa karatunsa a jami'a kuma ya sadaukar da shi a duk lokacinsa.
Littattafai
Wani jami'in farko da aka halarci mutum ya faru a cikin 1872. Ya buga labarin "Farkon", wanda masu sukar da masu karatu sun zo da kyau. Herrik ya ci gaba da shirya ayyukansa da aka buga.
Komawa daga tafiya ta kasuwanci a Amurka ta Amurka a shekara ta 1876, marubucin ya rubuta da yawa labarai da kuma labarin rayuwar da ba a taɓa faruwa ba. Mafi mashahuri daga gare su sun sami sunayen "mai ban dariya daga kurakurai", "ta hanyar steppes", "a cikin ƙasar zinare" da "haruffa daga tafiya." A ƙarshen, marubucin ya bayyana al'adun yau da kullun na Amurkawa, ra'ayoyin ziyarar ke da kide kide, yawon shakatawa da balaguro.
Bayan haka, Smankemich ya tafi zuwa ga ƙasashe Turai, a lokacin da ya ƙunshi sabon Naban'a Yanko-Musican a 1878. Sanya hannu a cikin nau'in karamin labari, mutumin ya yanke shawarar sanin ƙarfinsa wajen rubuta ƙarin ayyuka manyan ayyuka. A cikin epoch na damar Poland ga daular Rasha, lokacin da ake amfani da salon Yaren mutanen Poland da aka haɗa suna aiki a kan abubuwan da ke faruwa a ƙasar kuma, Henrik ya yanke shawarar tafiya da sabon labari.
Ya samu sunan "Wuta da takobi", zama babban aiki na farko a cikin littafin tarihi na saurayi. An buga aikin a cikin 1884 a cikin tsarin Jaridar "Abokin mutane" kuma sun sami nasara mai ban mamaki, godiya ga wanda ba a rufe shi ba littafi dabam-dabam. "Wuta da takobi da takobi" ya zama kashi na farko na tali ga duniya game da maganar ta kwace.
An ruwaito game da tsakiyar karni na 17, lokacin da ya tashi daga kwamandan Bogdan Khmelitsky tare da Cossacks Cossacks. Babban burin aikin, kamar yadda marubucin ya ce, shi ne ya ɗaga ruhun kwarara a lokacin rabuwa a cikin kasar da kuma tashin hankali.
Wasu aka ambaci wasu mutane na tarihi a cikin "wuta da takobi" - Ivan Bogun, Khmelnitsky, Tugai Bay da sauransu. Har ila yau, a cikin littafin akwai wuri don alwatika mai kauna tsakanin mahimmin halin na Yan Skillsky, da kyau-yari Elena Kurtsech da Kanal Ivan Bogun.
Saboda babban nasarar da sabon labari, da Herrik nan da nan ya ɗauki kan rubuta ci gaba. Kashi na biyu na Trilogy da ake kira "ambaliyar" ta ga haske a cikin Disamba 1884, an buga shi nan da nan cikin jaridu uku - Czas, "kalmar" da Dhiennik Poznanski. Bayan shekaru biyu daga baya, an fitar da ita daban daban.
Magana tayi magana game da yakin tsakanin Swedes da poles, da kuma kan ƙarin makomar masu karatu, mikhala vodoeevsky da kwanon Charl. A wannan lokacin, babban jarumai sun bayyana wani matashin kanar Kanalć aneda da ƙaunataccen Oleka Billevich. Littafin ya sami daraja fiye da na farko.
A cikin 1887, ƙarshen ɓangaren da aka buga na trilogy, wanda sunan babban halayyar "Poskaevsy". Littattafan da aka tattauna game da tashin hankali tsakanin Turkawa da Commonwealth, da kuma mutuwar gwarzo na Mikhala Voddeevsky.
Bayan nasarar da ba a iya gano ta da takaici daga karkashin alkalami ta marubucin ba, wasu ƙarin fasahar fasaha na tarihi masu yawa suna fitowa, amma sun sami cikakken shahararrun mutane. Za'a iya kiran banda "ba tare da antma ba", wanda ya bambanta da duk abin da ke gaban cewa na haɗa marubucin Poland. Romawa na tunani suna wakiltar bayanan diary cike da bincike da dabi'a.
A wannan lokacin, shugaban Henrid ya zo don tsara wani labari game da Daular Rome a lokacin sarautar Nero tare da manyan 'yan wasan - Kiristoci don yadda bangaskiya ta mutu. An kira littafin "Kamo Zaman" (Quo Vadis), wanda aka fassara daga tsohuwar harshen Slavonic yana nufin "inda kuka tafi?", Kuma aka buga a cikin 1896.
Magani, labari game da ƙaunar Roman Patricia Mark VIGIIG da matasa sun zama matakai daga cikin yaruka sama da 50 a duniya da kuma an kasafta shi da Paparoma kanta. Nasarar "Kamo Fights" ya taimaka wa Smanunvich don karbar kyautar Nobel a cikin wallafe-wallafe a cikin 1905. Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa shi ne cewa wannan littafin ne wanda ke garkuwa da shi mafi sau da yawa - sau 7. Duk fadin 20 fannoni dangane da ayyukan Svekevich ya fito.
Labari na gaba a cikin ilimin halitta na Henrik an sadaukar da shi zuwa ga batun da ya fi so - tarihin kasar ƙasar. Littafin littafin "'Yanayi' ', aka buga a cikin littafin" Herald na wallafan' yan kasashen waje "a shekara ta 1897, ta yi mulki kan dalilan da ke cikin Poland a Poland. A cikin littafin, ya nuna asalinsa a lokacin heyday da samun 'yanci. Kamar yadda a cikin ayyukan da suka gabata, marubucin ya faɗi cikin zane mai tarihi na layin ƙauna tsakanin 'yar Yuray danusheri da mujallar matasa. An canja littafin littafin zuwa harsuna 25.
Rayuwar sirri
Baya ga ayyukan kirkira, Gershritis Seminkevich shima ya ba da wani rai na mutum - ya yi aure sau 3. Matar farko ta marubucin Maria Sheetkevich ya mutu daga tarin fuka, amma ya sami damar ba ta ɗa mai ban mamaki. Aurensu ya kwashe shekaru 4.
Matar Svekvich ta yi Mariya Voldkovich, wacce ta girma a Odessa. Dangantakarsu ta fara ba da jimawa ba - matar ta shigar da ita jimawa bayan aure.
A ƙarshe Herrik ya tafi ƙarƙashin kambi a cikin 1904 - Maria Barskaya ya zama shugabansa. Babu kuma na biyu, ko tare da matar ta uku na marubucin, yaran haɗin gwiwa sun bayyana. Idan ka yarda da daukar hoto tare da hoton Skekaizich, zamu iya yanke hukuncin cewa marubucin yana da dandano mai kyau - duk ainihin gaske.
Mutuwa
A farkon yakin duniya na II, Smanvich ya koma Switzerland. A can ya zama wanda ya kafa kwamitin taimakon kwamitin Poles, wadanda wadanda ke fama da rikici.
A cikin shirye-shiryen rubutu akwai rubuce-rubucen sabon labari da ake kira "legions", amma mutuwar marubucin gaba ɗaya fiye da yadda ya sami nasarar kammala aikin - 15 ga Nuwamba. Dalilin mutuwa shi ne cutar cututtukan ƙwayar cuta, daga abin da ya sha wahala daga shekarun da ya gabata na rayuwarsa. Mutumin yana da shekara 70.
Littafi daya
- 1878 - "Yanko-Musician"
- 1884 - "wuta da takobi"
- 1886 - "ambaliyar"
- 1887 - "Pan Volodaevsy"
- 1888 - "cewa na uku"
- 1891 - "Ba tare da kare"
- 1894 - "Polansky iyali"
- 1895 - "Kamo gani"
- 1900 - "Mataimakin"
- 1910 - "otuts"