I-Biograge
AmaNormands amahle, umdwebi okhanyayo we-French wekhulu le-XVII, emi emvelaphi yokuzalwa nentuthuko ku-World Painting isitayela se-classicistism, uNicola Pouussin waba yi-beacon yabalandeli bezobuciko. Ifa lokudala le-Master kunzima ukuliqwala ngokweqile, ngoba umdwebi wakudala waba nomthelela onamandla ekuthuthukisweni okuqhubekayo kokupenda komhlaba.Ubuntwana nentsha
Umdwebo wokupenda wazalwa enyakatho yeFrance, emhlanganweni waseNorman waseLez-Anseski, ngo-1594. Abazali banakekela iNdodana ukuba bathole imfundo enhle. Bathumela umfana eRouen, esikolweni samaJesuit. Lapho, uNikola wahlangana ne-Paipe Parenter Quentin Waren, eyafika evela eParis enhliziyweni yeNormandy ukupenda isonto.
I-Pussen Young, ngoba ubuntwana bulula ubuciko obuhle, buhlatshwa amakhono omculi futhi bavumelana ngezifundo.
Eminyakeni engu-18 ubudala, i-biography yokudala kaNikola Pouussin yathola umfutho omusha: Umculi we-novice waya eParis, lapho aqhubeka nokwenza ngcono ukuvuthwa kopende uGeorge La Mleleman kanye nomfanekiso we-Ferdinand van Elle. Kepha ithonya elikhulu kunawo wonke kwi-master encane lenziwa nge-canvas, eyabonwa eLouvre. UPoustin wakwenza ukukopisha izithombe zamaNtaliyane ama-Renaissance Italia futhi athathwe, eyaya eRoma.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Mayelana nempilo yomuntu siqu yobuhlakani yaziwa kakhulu. Unkosikazi wakhe waba ngu-Anne-Marie - indodakazi ye-French confectioner Charles Dübe, eyayihlala eRoma. Umndeni kaDuhend Pouussin ubophekile ukululama: Babeka izinyawo zomculi ogulayo oneminyaka engama-35 ubudala, abambese endlini yakhe.Umshado wenzeka ekuqaleni kwekwindla ka-1630 eBasilica yaseRoma yeSan Lorenzo-John.
Endlini kankosikazi wakhe kanye nokuhlola ePolan Nikola Street Nikola Pousna Pousna wahlala ezophila. Waba ngumfundisi wokuqala kankosikazi womfowethu uPgpara emba, ngemuva kwalokho igama lothisha pussen.
Azikho izingane e-Union no-Ann-Marie, kodwa, ngokobufakazi obugciniwe, abashadikazi babephila othandweni nasekuqondeni.
Lokho okwakubuke ngalo umculi, ungahlulela isithombe sezithombe eziningana. Enye yazo, yango-1630, eyenziwe nge-red chalk futhi igcinwe eMnyuziyamu waseBrithani.
Ukudala
ERoma uNikola, hhayi kuphela ophefumulelwe yimisebenzi ye-geniyev, kodwa futhi uthole ulwazi olufunayo, oluhlala lapha iminyaka engama-20. Isikhathi esilandelayo sobuciko - Ngemuva kokubuyela eFrance - Okufushane: eParis, umdwebi wahlala iminyaka emi-2 ngesimo senkantolo yokuqala. Kepha i-salphace intrigies, efanelekile nguzakwethu futhi isekelwa ngu-Anna Austrian, iphoqelelwa i-Pussen ngo-1642 yaya eRoma, lapho alandelwa khona uKhadinali Barbarini.
Izici zobuqambi zomculi zibizwa ngokuthi ukungabonakali okuqinile kwemigomo yayo yokusebenza yezobugovu, evelele ekuqondisweni kwe-classical. Iningi lazo zonke izihlakala ze-poussin eziphefumulelwe izinganekwane, ezenziwa ngebhayibheli nezomlando.
Ukulandela ama-canons opende wasendulo nokwenza ubuciko be-renaissance, i-master yakugwema imininingwane ebabazekayo futhi engadingekile: yonke into kwizindwangu zayo endaweni yayo futhi ithwala umthwalo we-semantic. Amathafa omhlaba wePoussane akhipha imfudumalo ethambile futhi abonakala egcwele i-haze ekhanyisiwe, bheka nokubamba okungenzeka kuphela eMedithera.
UNikola Pooussin Oyedwa we-Okokuqala ukusebenzisa isibani sendawo emsebenzini, wabona inani lakhe lobuciko. Esikhathini esizayo, amasu kaMatra aseba ngcono. Isikhungo se-Academy of France sibabolekile lapho sidweba ilungiselelo lemithetho yesici sokufunda.
AbakwaNkulukamba abakhulu bangenela emhlabeni ukupenda izwe, abakhangisi abakhulu bangene emisebenzini 'yokufa kweJalimane', "uMbuso WaseNetrogen", "Parnas", "umndeni ongcwele ezitebhisini". Esontweni laseSt Peter eVatican, i-Master yabhala i-canvas "ukufakwa kweSt Erasm", okuthi ama-coussin ama-poussin abheka okungcono kakhulu emafa lakhe.
Ngesikhathi sekwephuzile, iziza zezincwadi nenganekwane ziyisici. Imisebenzi edumile kunazo zonke "indawo enezindawo ezinama-nymphs amabili", "phumula endleleni eya eGibhithe" kanye "nesikhathi sonyaka one".
I-Louvre igcinwe imidwebo ngebhulashi le-poussin "ukukhuphuka kwentombi nto", "kungubusuku noDiogen", "isimangaliso St. UFrancis Xaveria "nabanye abangaziqhenya nganoma iyiphi igalari yobuciko bomhlaba. Ukuze umsebenzi we-matri ubonakala ngokunemba okufanele ukudweba kanye nokwakheka okuqinisekisiwe okuhlukaniswe okucacile kwezinhlelo ngombala nokwakheka.
Ukushona
Umdwebi washona ekwindla yangomhla zingama-1665 eRoma, okwaba yizwe lesibili. UNicolas unyaka wasinda kumkakhe amthandayo. Isithombe esiphelele sika-Apollo noDaphne, sathandana ngonyaka wokufa komlingani, sifakazelwa yiPussen Maden eneminyaka engama-71. Ngemuva kokushona kwakhe, akazange athinte ibhulashi.Yini edale ukufa kukaNorman, akwaziwa. Ithuna likamama litholakala e-basilica efanayo yaseRoma, lapho kuthweswa khona umqhele we-nicolas no-Ann-Marie.
Imidwebo
- 1623 - "Ukucatshangelwa KweNtombi Enyulu"
- 1624-1625 - "Ukunqoba kukaJoshua Navina Ngaphezulu"
- 1626 - "Ukuthandaza Ngomnsalo"
- 1628 - "Ukufeja Ukufeza KweSt Erasm
- 1627 - "Ukufa kweJalimane"
- I-1630 - "I-Self-Portrait eRed Roll"
- 1630 - "Inhlupho eNitrogen"
- 1630-1631 - "Parnas"
- 1631 - "Umbuso Wezimbali"
- 1638 - "Buyela Komkhaya Ongcwele eGibhithe"
- 1641 - "Isimangaliso seSt. UFrancis Xaveria
- 1650 - "Ukunyuka Kwentombi Enkulu"
- 1650 - "Ukunyuka Komphostoli Ongcwele Paul"
- 1657 - "Ukuzalwa KweVakha Nekufa Narcissa"
- 1660-1664 - "Isikhathi Esine Sonyaka"
- 1664 - "U-Apollo noDaphne"