I-Biograge
I-Anatoly Sobchak ingumguquli owaziwa ngentando yeningi owaziwa kakhulu kanye nesibalo sezepolitiki se- "perestroika", omunye wababhali boMthethosisekelo wamanje weRussia Federation, imeya yokuqala yaseSt. Petersburg. Eminyakeni yamuva nje yokuphila, waba yisibalo esibalulekile sezombusazwe saseRussia, esisolwa ngenkohliso, ukuhlukunyezwa kwemisebenzi esemthethweni kanye nokufumbathisa. Ngaphansi kobuholi bakhe, izikhulu eziningi ezisezingeni eliphakeme nama-diplomases anamuhla eRussia asebenza ngaphansi kobuholi bakhe eSt. Petersburg, kubandakanya noMongameli uVladimir Putin kanye noNdunankulu waseRussia uDitDevedev.
USobchak Anatoly Aleksandrovich wazalwa ngo-Agasti 10, 1937 eChita emndenini ojwayelekile. Uyise, u-Alexander Antonovich, wasebenza njengonjiniyela ngojantshi, futhi umama kaNadezhda noRreyevna wayengumbhali. U-Sobchak osemusha kwakungeyena ukuphela kwengane emndenini, wayenabafowethu abathathu.
Ubuntwana bukaSobchak baqhutshelwa edolobheni laseKokand, elise-Uzbekistan. Lapho, umndeni wathuthumela ngenxa yokuhunyushwa kukaYise enkonzweni. Usopolitiki wesikhathi esizayo wafunda esikoleni sabajwayelekile kanye nabafowabo. Wayengumuntu onethalente, owayenaka, okhuthazayo futhi ophikelela kanganganikeli inkazimulo noma kubazali noma kothisha. Ekupheleni kwesikole esiphakeme, wangena e-University of Tashkent ngenxa ye-urfaculty, kodwa ngokoqobo ngonyaka kamuva wadluliselwa eLeningrad State University, okunokwenzeka kwaba ukuqala kokuhlangana kwakhe okubunayo noPetro.
Eyunivesithi, umfundi uSobchak wakhombisa ngenkuthalo ngesifiso sakhe kanye nekhono lokutadisha, ngenxa yalokho waba yi-lenin scholarship. Ngo-1959, ekugcineni kweNyuvesi, kwathunyelwa okusabalalisa ukusatshalaliswa emsebenzini eStavropol Bar College. Ngo-1962, uSobchak wabuyela eLeningrad, ethweswe iziqu esikoleni aphothule iziqu futhi wavikela ukubhaliswa kwakhe.
Ngemuva kwalokho kwafundiswa iminyaka emithathu esikoleni esikhethekile senkonzo yezindaba zangaphakathi ze-USSR, futhi kusukela ngo-1968 kuya ku-1973 kwakukhona uprofesa ohambisana noSolwazi we-Faculcial of Latch University yaseLeningrad State. Ngo-1985, u-Anatoly Alexandrovich wayeholwa nguMnyango Wezomnotho ebuhlakani obufanayo.
Inkambo
Umsebenzi wezepolitiki kaSOBCHAK ngokushesha waqala ngo-1989, lapho Esemuva kokujoyina i-CPSU yakhethwa yiphini labantu eMkhandlwini Ophakeme. Ngemuva kwalokho walibangisa i-subcommittee emthethweni wezomnotho kanye nokusebenza komthetho futhi waba ngomunye wabasunguli bePhini LikaPhini Leqembu Lamasosha E-USSR ahlomile. Ngaphansi konyaka, u-Anatoly Alexandrovich ungene emkhandlwini wedolobha laseLeningrad wangena emkhunjini ngenyanga, kwathi ngo-1991, ngokomphumela wokhetho, waba yimeya yokuqala kaLeningrad. Ngemuva kwekuza emandleni eSobchak, leli dolobha kwaNeva labuyisa igama lakhe lomlando futhi saphinde sabizwa ngokuthi iSt. Petersburg.
ESt. Petersburg City Hall, ngeSOBCHAK, iningi labancane ngaleso sikhathi ochwepheshe abayizikhulu ezisezingeni eliphakeme nama-diplomats eKremlin basebenze. Ikakhulu, uNdunankulu we-Russian Federation Dmitry Medredev, uMongameli waseRussia Vladimir Putin, uMongameli we-Gosneft, u-Igor Seshin, nosopolitiki abaningi abadumile baseRussia kanye nosopolitiki abaningi baseRussia abadumile.
Ngonyaka wokuqala ngemuva kokungena esikhundleni seMeya yaseSt. SOBCHAK uSobchak uzibonakalise ngenkuthalo futhi wazuza igunya phakathi kwabantu. Wathatha ingxenye esebenzayo ekwakheni ukunyakaza kwezinguquko zentando yeningi, waphikisana nezenzo ze-GCCP ngonyaka waseLeningrad, ohlelekile futhi wabiza ukuthi inani labantu bebhikisha ngezenzo zeKomidi Lombuso, elivumele uLeningrad ukubhekana nezinjongo zalo mnyango.
Kodwa-ke, igunya lomuntu wokuqala waseSt. Petersburg lalingenakuphikwa. Ukuzibophezela kwakhe okuqotho entando yeningi kwaqhamuka ngokuqinile nokuzibophezela ezindleleni ezigunyaziwe zobuholi bobuholi ngedolobha, elihlanganisa izingxabano ezingapheli.
USobchak ubuye abe njalo waba ngummangalelwa wemali yakwamanye amazwe ahlukile kanye noma amadili wokuheha abatshalizimali nosizo lwabantu lugeleza edolobheni. Kepha "inani elisentshonalanga" liholele ekucindezelweni kwemboni yendawo yePetersburg. Ngasikhathi sinye, izakhamizi zedolobha zagxeka imeya yemicimbi ejwayelekile yamazwe omhlaba emabhange eNeva futhi asolwa ngokuqeda isabelozimali sedolobha.
Ngo-1995, abangane bakaSobchak bamncenga ukuba agijime okhethweni lukamongameli waseRussia ngo-1996 futhi abe ngumncintiswano wekhanda lesikhathi sikaBoris Yeltin. Kodwa-ke, i-anatoly alexandrovich ngokuphelele futhi ngokwesigaba senqabile umbono. Ngo-1996, waphinde walahlekelwa okhethweni lombusi eZamu Vladimir Yakovlev futhi washiya okuthunyelwe kweMeya yaseSt. Petersburg.
Inqubomgomo kaCareer SOBCHAK iphume futhi ngokushesha, njengoba iqalile. Imeya yokuqala yaseSt. Petersburg yaba uphawu lweqembu eliqhakazile lezenhlalo laseRussia, ekuqaleni kweminyaka yama-1990s lafuna ushintsho ezweni. Engxenyeni eyodwa yeNhlangano, i-anatoly aleksandrovich ihlotshaniswa nombhubhisi womhlaba oqhubekayo futhi ojwayelekile womhlaba, kanti amanye abona njengomuntu oholela ezweni ukuba likhululeke ngenkululeko ngokuqhekeka kwezinguquko.
Ukushushiswa kobugebengu
Ngo-Okthoba 1997, u-Anatoly Sobchak, ihhovisi lomshushisi jikelele, lalikhangwa icala lobugebengu lenkohliso ehholo laseSt. Petersburg City Hall njengoFakazi. Ngemuva kwesikhashana, leli cala lobugebengu uSobchak lalethwa njengosolwa ngaphansi kwezihloko ezithi "ukufumbathisa" kanye "nokuhlukumeza amandla asemthethweni." Lapho-ke umndeni wakwaMeli kaSt. Petersburg waxoxa kakhulu kwabezindaba nasemphakathini, futhi izinsolo zazo zonke izono ezifayo zangena eSobchak.
Ngokuphikisana nangemuva kwale micimbi, u-Anatoly Alexandrovich uwohloke kakhulu ngesimo sempilo, futhi esikhundleni segumbi lejele, wawela e-Cardiology ngesifo senhliziyo. Ngemuva kwesikhashana, uSobchak washiya lo muzi wagibela eFrance eselaphenya. EParis, waphila kuze kube ngu-1999 aqala ngo-1999, lapho anquma ukukhumbula khona imisebenzi yakhe yesayensi. Wafunda izinkulumo zakhe eSorbonne namanye amanyuvesi aholayo aseFrance, wabhala izincwadi ezimbili futhi washicilela izindatshana zesayensi ezingaphezu kuka-30.
NgoNovemba 1999, icala lobugebengu elibhekene noSobchak lalinqanyulwa ngaphandle kokuntuleka kwecala, futhi wabuyela eRussia, washo inhloso yakhe yokungena kwinqubomgomo enkulu futhi. Ekuqaleni kuka-2000, uSobchak wathatha isikhundla sokuba mfikisidi kuVladimir Putin walibangisa eMkhandlwini wezepolitiki weDemocratic Moncire kanye namaqembu eSt. Petersburg.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Umshado wokuqala we-sobchak wenzeka eminyakeni yakhe yabafundi. Ngemuva kwalokho washada nobuhle bokuqala be-Filological Facty of Pedigree. HEZENZENZANE ZAMAHHALA, WABE BALELE Indodakazi Ephakeme UMaria. Kepha ngo-1977, umndeni u-Idyll waphuma, imeya yesikhathi esizayo yaseSt. Petersburg yahlukanisa umkakhe, ihlala nayo iminyaka engama-21.
Unkosikazi wesibili kaSobchak wazala uLyudmila Nastov, ahlangana naye njengommeli futhi wasiza kwinqubo enzima yomshado nomyeni wakhe wokuqala. Unkosikazi kaSobchak wesibili waba umngane wakhe othembekile nongokoqobo emsebenzini wezepolitiki, wayehlala ehlanganyela ezindabeni zomyeni wakhe futhi amxhasa kuyo yonke imizamo.
Ngasikhathi sinye, umlingani weMeya yakudala kaSt. Petersburg wahlanganyela ekusebenziseni amaphrojekthi akhe, ikakhulukazi, wayengummeleli wohulumeni baseRussia eBhodini leSikhwama Sesikhwama SaseJalimane " , futhi nokuhlangene nokuthunyelwe okuningana okusebenzayo.
Ngo-1981, indodakazi kaKsenia Sobchak yazalwa emndenini emndenini, njengamanje isethuli se-TV saseRussia kanye nentatheli ephumelelayo. Indodakazi uSobchak, njengo-Anatoly uqobo, iyisimo semvelo edidayo yomphakathi.
Ukushona
NgoFebhuwari 20, 2000, ngesikhathi sokugcwaliseka kwemisebenzi, u-Anatoly Sobchak ushonile ehhovisi likaMongameli uVladimir Putin ukhetho lukaMongameli ehhotela svetlogorsk. Ngokwemininingwane esemthethweni, ukufa kwe-sobchak kwavela ngenxa yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo okunamandla.
Ukufa okungazelelwe kwe-anatoly sobchak kwaba yisigameko esikhulu, okuholele ekutheni kube sezingeni elikhulu. Amahemuhemu ngokufa kweMeya yeMeya yeSt. Petersburg avele aphindaphindwe ngejubane lombani. Abanye bathi uSOBCHAK ubulewe ngenxa yokuthi wayekwazi okuningi, abanye bakudlulisela phambili inguqulo yobuthi botshwala kanye nokulungiselela i-viagra.
NgoMeyi 2000, ihhovisi lomshushisi lesifunda saseKaliningrad laqalwa icala lobugebengu maqondana nokubulawa kukaSOBCHAK yi-Etha. Kepha ukuhlolwa ngemuva kokuvulwa kwecala kubonise ukuthi emzimbeni inqubomgomo yayingekho utshwala noma izidakamizwa, ngenxa yalokho ngo-Agasti 4, icala lokubulawa kukaSobchak lavalwa.
U-Anatoly Alexandrovich Sobchak wangcwatshwa ngoFebhuwari 24 eSt. Petersburg emathuneni aseNikolsky.