I-Biograge
UGeorge Walker Bush, noma uBush Jr., wazalelwa edolobheni laseNew Haven, Connecticut, Julayi 6, 1946. Uyise waba nguGeorge Herbert Bush, manje odume kakhulu njengomongameli osekhulile no-41 wase-United States, kanye noMama - uBarbara Bush (ezindabeni ze-Pierce), lapho kamuva ashada khona ngesonto ngemuva kwempi yezwe II.Ubuntwana nentsha
UBush-Seanid wayengomunye wabashayeli bezindiza abancane kakhulu basolwandle futhi ngo-1941-1945 babamba izimpi ezingama-58, bathola imiklomelo eminingi ngisho nokubonga komuntu siqu kuMongameli weFranklin Roosevelt.
UGeorge wayeyindodana yokuqala kaGeorge noBarbara, futhi ngemuva kwalokho abazali bamnika abafowethu abathathu nodadewethu ababili. Ngeshwa, omunye wodade - uPaulin, ingane yesibili yombhangqwana we-bush - wafa eminyakeni emine ye-leukemia. UGeorge Wena ngaleso sikhathi wayeneminyaka eyisikhombisa.
UBush-Senior owaya phambili eneminyaka engu-18 ubudala futhi wabuya empini yempi, wathola imfundo yaseyunivesithi futhi kungekudala, kanye nomndeni wakhe, wathuthela edolobheni elibizwa nge-Midland, eTexas.
Ubaba wekusasa likaMongameli waseMelika angama-43 wanquma ukuhlanganyela ebhizinisini lamafutha, futhi ngempumelelo. Inkomba yenhlala-kahle ebonakalayo yomndeni wesihlahla kwakuyindlu ebizayo enendawo yokugezela, kanye nesiqandisi (ukuphela komgwaqo). Ngaleso sikhathi, izinsiza ezinjalo zazifana nokunethezeka.
Ngokushesha uGeorge noBarbara, kanye nezingane bathuthela eHouston, idolobha elikhulu kakhulu laseTexas. Kancane kancane, izinga lemali engenayo yomndeni odumile lenyuke konke. Ukube uGeorge Herbert Bush uqale umsebenzi wakhe embonini yamafutha esuka kumholo onesizotha wama- $ 375 ngenyanga, khona-ke vele ngo-1966, lapho aqala ukwenza umsebenzi wakhe wezepolitiki, uBush Sr.
Njengoba wazi, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, uyise kaGeorge Walker Bush wasebenza njengoMqondisi weCia, waba ngummeleli ovelele weqembu leRepublican, kwathi ngo-1988 waqokwa ngoMongameli woMbuso. Yaziwa ukwandisa intela, kanye nokusebenza kwezempi ePheresiya Gulf, ePhilippines nasePanama. Ekuqaleni kuka-2000s, umthwali wendiza wohlobo lweNimitz waqanjwa ngegama ngemuva kwesihlahla.
Imfundo
UGeorge Bush uthweswe iziqu eJohn School eMidland, waqhubeka nezifundo zakhe esikoleni sangasese sangasese "UKincaid" eHouston. Esikhathini seshumi nanhlanu, inhloko yesikhathi esizayo ye-United States yazimisela kwi-Academy of Phillips, etholakala kumaStaschusetts. Lesi ngesinye sezikole ezihamba phambili zabafana ogwini lonke olusempumalanga, lapho uyise kaBush-Junior wafunda ngasikhathi sinye.
Ngesinye isikhathi, uGeorge Herbert Bush wayengukuziqhenya kwangempela kwalesi sikhungo semfundo, ekhombisa okufeziwe kwemidlalo emihle nezemfundo. UBush Jr., Alas, akakwazanga ukuziqhayisa ngesimo esifanayo. Kepha vele esikoleni, wathola ezinye izimfanelo ezinhle: UGeorge walala ngokuphelele nabantu, waqala kalula abangane futhi ngaphandle kobunzima baba ngumholi wabathandi beqembu lezemidlalo.
Ngemuva kokuphothula esikoleni, isihlahla junior ukwenza e-University of Yale. Othisha besikole babengabazeki ukuthi umfundi ngeke amukelwe kahle eyunivesithi ehlonishwayo, futhi wazama ukuncipha umfana ephusheni elinzima elinjalo. Noma kunjalo, uGeorge wangena e-Yel kwathi ngo-1968 waba yindaba yeBachelor.
Kodwa-ke, eyunivesithi, umfana wafunda ngokwesilinganiso, kodwa wakujabulela ukuthandwa okukhulu. Ngesikhathi sezifundo zakhe, uGeorge Walker Bush waba ngumongameli womunye wabafundi. Yaziwa kabanzi nge-Hooligan Entertainment of Abahlanganyeli bayo, i-Drunk yenza, kepha impumelelo yezemidlalo ephezulu. Kabili, ngenxa yemisebenzi yobuzalwane bakhe, isihlahla saphenduka esiteshini samaphoyisa.
Ibhizinisi
Esikhathini esivela kusukela ngo-1968 kuya ku-1973, uGeorge wakhonza kuzwelonke, eshayela imodeli ye-F-102. NjengoYise, uBush Jr. waba ngumshayeli wezindiza onesiphiwo kakhulu, kepha wayesafuna ukuhlanganisa impilo yakhe nokwakha umsebenzi wezempi. Ngakho-ke, ngo-1973, uMongameli wesikhathi esizayo wangena esikoleni sebhizinisi laseHarvard, kwathi ngo-1975 wathola iziqu ezifanayo ze-MBA (Master of Business Administration).
Ukubuyela eMidland, uGeorge, kulandela uyise, wahlanganyela ebhizinisini lamafutha. Kodwa-ke, isihlahla sikaBush Jr. asifinyelelanga. Izikhathi eziningana wahlanganyela emikhankasweni yokhetho yeBush-Senior, eyavele yakha umsebenzi wezepolitiki ophumelelayo. Ngo-1977, osopolitiki waze wazama waze wagwema iWadi Yabamele Abamele Ingqungquthela YaseMelika, kepha yehluleka ukuthola inani elifanele lamavoti.
UGeorge Walker Bush akazange afike emhlanganweni wabathweswe iziqu e-University of Yale, noma eHarvard Business School. Ngaphezu kwalokho: kancane kancane inkampani yakhe kawoyela yaba kancane futhi inzuzo kancane, futhi yena, ofisa ukuziqaphela empilweni, yanda kakhulu ebhodleleni.
Ukuphawula iminyaka yakhe engama-40, uBush Jr. Ngomunyu waqonda ukuthi wayengenazo izizathu ezinkulu zenjabulo yangempela. Wanquma ukuthi sekuyisikhathi sokushintsha okuthile, futhi waqala ngeqiniso lokuthi wenqaba ngokuphelele utshwala.
Kamuva, wavuma ukuhlangana nenkampani yakhe enezinkampani ezinkulu ezinamandla, kwathi ngo-1989, kwabatshalizimali, iklabhu ye-baseball "eTexas Ranger". Lesi sivumelwano saphumelela kakhulu: ama-dollar ayizinkulungwane ezingama-600 okutshalwa kwezimali eminyakeni embalwa abe yisimo esingama-dollar ayizigidi eziyi-15.
Ukuqala komsebenzi wezepolitiki
Ngo-1994, uGeorge Bush Jr. ubuye ubambusi weTexas: 53.5% wabavoti bavotele. Eminyakeni edlule, inhloko yokuphathwa kombuso kosopolitiki bakwazile ukuthola kahle kahle.
Izinyathelo ezithathwe kuye zazisebenza ngempumelelo, ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa ye-charm yangaphakathi kanye nekhono lokukhohlisa okubukhali, uGeorge wavumelana ngokuphelele nalabo abaphikisayo. Inqubomgomo yokukhula ehlaba umxhwele (182 cm) futhi yasithinta kahle isithombe sakhe.
Ngaleso sikhathi, ngisho namanye amaDemocrat aphendula kukhiye omuhle weBush-Junior, umsekeli onikelwe ephathini yeRepublican. Ukuthandwa nokuqashelwa kwavunyelwa izinqubomgomo ukuthi zikhethwe esikhundleni sombusi waseTexas ngo-1998, ngesibalo esivele sihlaba umxhwele kakhulu samavoti. Ngasikhathi sinye, uBush waqala ukubhekwa njengomunye wabazongenela ukhetho lokuba nguMongameli.
Ukhetho lukaMongameli
Umjaho kamongameli weRepublican edumile waqala ngeqiniso lokuthi wawina ama-primaries ngaphakathi kweqembu lendabuko. Ngemuva kwalokho, uGeorge Walker Bush kwadingeka alwe ne-Albert Mountain, omele iqembu lentando yeningi, ngokuthumela komholi wezwe lonke. Le mpi bush junior iwina, ngoNovemba 2000, ukukhethwa esikhundleni sikaMongameli. Kodwa-ke, le nqubo yokhetho sephenduke yaba ngomunye umlando osanhlaka kakhulu okhethweni e-United States.
Ngemuva kokuthi imiphumela yokuvota ibivele imenyezelwe ngokusemthethweni, eTexas, ingatholwa ngokungalindelekile ama-Urns angenakubalwa anama-bavots, lapho kumiswa khona igama elithi "Thick" ngegama elithi Albert Mountain.
Wawa ngaphansi kokusatshalaliswa kanye nomfowabo kaMongameli osanda kukhethwa kwe-Jew Bush (umbusi wesimo seFlorida), okuthi, ngokusho kwabaphikisi, abeka ingcindezi emaphobhoyela wombuso wakhe. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ngo-2016, uJeb wazama futhi ukulwela isihlalo sikamongameli, kodwa ngempumelelo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yokubalwa kwamavoti, kwavela ukuthi ngokuya ngenani lamavoti anikezwe abavoti, izintaba ze-Albert zasendaweni yokuqala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inzuzo bekuhlaba umxhwele kakhulu: izintaba zathola isihlahla - ngaphansi kwamavoti ayizinkulungwane ezingama-500. Kodwa-ke, e-US, njengoba wazi, iphuzu lokugcina emzabalazweni phakathi kwabavotayo yiLolegialium lezo zivoli, isixazululo sawo sawokuvulwa okwenzeka ngokunembile uGeorge Bush.
Lapho esesebenze okokuqala njengoMongameli waseMelika, usopolitiki waqhubeka nokujabulela ithandwa kakhulu nabantu. NgoNovemba 2004, waphinde wakhanyiselwa uHed of State, edlula emkhankasweni wokhetho weDemoctat John Kerry.
Ezombusazwe zasekhaya
Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ngesikhathi sokubusa kwakhe, isihlahla, omncane kwadingeka abhekane nezinkinga ezinkulu kakhulu, izinkomba zezomnotho zizonke zezwe likaMongameli zazizinhle kakhulu.
I-GDP yezwe ikhule ngamaphesenti athile ngonyaka, ukwehla kwamandla emali ayizange kudlule i-1.5-2,5%. Kodwa-ke, izinga lokuntuleka kwemisebenzi lahlala liphezulu: ngo-2003, lafika ku-6%, lehlile laya ku-4,6% ngonyaka we-2006.
Izimbangela zochwepheshe bezilinganiso eziphezulu zokungasebenzi zibona ezinqumweni eziningi ezithathwe yiBush-Junior. Ngakho-ke, ukushaya okukhulu kwezomnotho kwahlulwa yimpi e-Iraq nase-Afghanistan: izindleko zamasosha zalesi sikhathi zazingumyalo wobukhulu obuphakeme kunabo bonke abasebenzisa imali empini empini yempi phakathi nempi ebandayo.
Uhlelo lokunciphisa izintela, olwenzelwe ukuqinisekisa ukukhula komnotho kanye nokunyuka kwamabhizinisi amakhulu, akuzange kuzithethelele. Ngenxa yalokhu, naphezu kokukhula kwe-GDP ephelele, amabhizinisi amaningi avale noma adlulisele ukukhiqizwa emazweni angaphandle.
UGeorge Bush Jr. waziwa njengomsekeli wokulingana kwamalungelo wabamele bazo zonke izinhlanga. Waba nguMongameli wokuqala wase-United States, lapho okuthunyelwe komsizi ekuvikelekeni kuzwelonke kanye noNobhala Wezwe kwaya kubantu baseMelika baseMelika. Ngaphambi kwalokhu, izikhundla eziphakeme ezinjalo zazingatholakali kubamele amancane ezwe.
43 Umongameli wase-US waqhuba izinguquko eziningi emkhakheni wezemfundo, ezempilo, ezokuphepha emphakathini. Akubona bonke abatholwe umqhele ngempumelelo: izinkokhelo zezombusazwe lapho osopolitiki ame khona ngesikhathi somkhankaso wokhetho, babesasuswa kude nabo bonke abaswele (ngokwengxenye isizathu salokhu bekungasebenzi).
Ngo-Agasti 2005, ogwini oluseningizimu yeMelika, isiphepho esibhubhisayo kunazo zonke sasibanjwa kuwo wonke umlando, obizwa nge- "Katrina". Cishe abantu abayizinkulungwane zabantu bafa, iningi lezokuxhumana lacekelwa phansi, izindawo zokuhlala zagcwala amanzi. Ochwepheshe abaningi babona ukwehluleka kweBush-Junior eqinisweni lokuthi wehluleka ukwenza izindlela eziphumelelayo kulesi simo senhlekelele.
Inqubomgomo yakwelinye izwe
Isivivinyo esinzima kakhulu sasilinde uGeorge Walker Bush ekuqaleni kwesikhathi sokubusa kwakhe kwezwe: Septhemba 11, 2001. Njengoba wazi, ngalolu suku, abantu abayizinkulungwane eziningana bafa ngecala leqembu labashokobezi "al-Qaida" emibhoshongweni yamawele. Enhlanganweni yokuhlaselwa kwamaphekula ama-monstrous, u-Osama Ben Laden wasolwa, ecashe e-Afghanistan.
Imizamo yezempi ebucayi nezokuxhumana yenze ukuba senzeke ukudala ubumbano olunamandla lwezinkundla endaweni ye-Afghanistan, ngenxa yokuthi amandla asemqoka weTaliban akwazi ukunqoba. Lesi sikhathi esinzima sibuye sibe ngumzuzu wokuzalwa kwekhotheshini edume kakhulu yeBush JR.:
"Sizobe sibheme ngaphandle kwezimbobo ... futhi sibaletha ebulungiswa, noma silethe ubulungisa kubo."Bonke ngonyaka ka-2001, abaphathi be-US Umongameli bamemezele ukuthi uqeda isivumelwano ngokuvinjwa kwe-Pro (Missingo Defense), etholwe phakathi kwezifundazwe kanye ne-USSR eminyakeni engamashumi amabili ngaphambili. Lesi sinqumo sachazwa ngenhloso yokuqinisekisa ukuvikelwa okusebenzayo kumaphekula.
Ngo-2002, ubuholi baseMelika bamemezele lokho kusukela manje kuqhubeke, izwe lizongenela ezenzakalweni ezenzeka kwamanye amazwe ukuze kufinyelelwe ngentando yeningi futhi kusungulwe imakethe yamahhala. Ngo-2003, ngenxa yalo mthetho, impi yaqala e-Iraq, eyayingumongameli kabani - uSaddam Hussein wasolwa ngokusekela ukunyakaza kwamaphekula futhi wenqaba ukusebenzisana ne-UN.
Ngaleso sikhathi, isikhalo esidumile saseZhirinovsky esihlahleni saseGeorge Bush sashicilelwa. Njengoba isibalo esikhulu sosopolitiki, usopolitiki wafuna ukuchazela uMongameli waphesheya, omele osopolitiki eMiddle East, nokuthi kungani iMelika kungafanele isimangale. Maye, Zhirinovskyy George Bush, kulula kakhulu ukuqagela, kwakungesona isimemezelo, futhi impi isaqala.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Ngo-1977, uBush Junior wazihlanganisa noMshado noLaura Welch, owayenguMtawu wezincwadi nothisha. Ngo-1981, umndeni we-busha-junior wagcwalisa uJenna noBarbara Bush Modee nendodakazi, odadewabo.
UGeorge Walker Bush waziwa kabanzi ngokuvuza kwawo okuxakile. Photo 43 Umongameli wase-US onama-binoculars, athi uGeorge BUST "UGeorge Board kanye ne-Raincoat", lapho uMsolizwe uzama khona ukufaka ucezu oluphindaphindwayo lwe-polyethylene, ividiyo, lapho uMongameli wawela eSigwe, noma wawela ku Ibhayisekili - konke lokhu kwaphenduka ama-Memes we-World Network Omkhulu.
I-Republican uqobo, ngokusobala, ayicasuki yilawa ma-pods. Wake wakhuluma kanye newele ngaphambi kwenhlangano yababhali beWhite House.
Kube namahemuhemu aphindwayo ephephandabeni uGeorge Bush amukele ama-Islam. Kodwa-ke, eqinisweni, usopolitiki uyisisekelo seSonto leWeseli, yize esebonise kaninginingi inhlonipho ngamaSulumane ukuze athuthukise isimo senqubomgomo yakwamanye amazwe. Babike ukuthi isontokazi likamongameli lamukele ama-Islam, noma kunjalo, lokhu kucatshangwa akukutholi isiqinisekiso.
Manje uBush Jr. Usabonakala evame ukuvela emphakathini, uxoxa nabantu, ababheka njengamashumi eminyaka okuphila kwakhe baphendula umbuzo weminyaka emingaki, bahlungwa ngamafilimu (futhi babhala nezincwadi (Memoirs 43 Omongameli baba ngumthengisi ezifundeni).
Njengasebusheni bakhe, uGeorge usenabantu kuye, futhi umkakhe uhambisana naye njalo, exhasa isithombe sentokazi yokuqala ekhethiwe.