I-Biograge
UJuda u-Israeliariotiyo ungomunye we-antiheev yenkolo ebonakele kakhulu. Umlandeli kaJesu Kristu walengiswa nge-30 Srebrenikov, kodwa waphenduka ngokushesha ngokushesha. Igama lomlingisi selibe liqoke ukuqamba ukukhaphela, futhi inani lemali etholwe selibe uphawu lwembuyiselo yalabo abakhaphela ababangani nabathandekayo.Umlando Wempilo
Emithonjeni esemthethweni, impilo yakwaJuda iyancishiswa imininingwane enemininingwane. EBhayibhelini, lo omunye wabaphostoli bakaJesu abangu-12, ngaphandle kwalokho, umsebenzi wogcinimafa womphakathi omncane uphathisiwe kuye. Isikhundla esinomthwalo wemfanelo siye eqhawe ukuze sikhuluphele, amandla okushiya imfucumfucu engenamsebenzi futhi engenangqondo. Emibhalweni yohlu lwezincwadi zezincwadi zeBhayibheli, kuchazwa umzuzwana lapho uJudasi ehlambalaza uMaria eVinania ethule imilenze ethule ethule imilenze kaJesu emhlabeni wonke ayibiza ama-600 amantombazane. Imali inzima, bekuzokwanela ukondla isethi yezingcele.
Ngokuzayo lapho umlingiswa uvela phakathi nangomthenje: uJuda kanye nabanye abafundi bakaJesu isidlo sakusihlwa etafuleni elijwayelekile, futhi uthisha uprofetha kusuka komunye wabakhona.
Imithombo engenakungenakuhlonishwa inomusa ngokwengeziwe ngemininingwane ye-biography of the traitor. UJudas wazalwa ngo-Ephreli 1 (kusukela ngalesosikhathi usuku lubhekwa njengengane engajabule kakhulu ngonyaka). Ingane ayizange ibe nenhlanhla kusukela ekuqaleni, ngaphambi kokuzalwa, umama wabona iphupho elibi, elaxwayisa ngokuthi indodana esanda kuzalwa izowubhubhisa umndeni.
Ngakho-ke, abazali banquma ukusetha kabusha ingane emfuleni emfuleni. Kepha uJuda wahlala ephila, engashintshi, wafika esiqhingini saseKariof, kwathi lapho ekhula, wavuthwa, wabuyela ezinkundleni zakubo. Isiprofetho esibi esenziwa - sabulala uyise futhi sangena ogwini lokopha nonina.
Lapho-ke uJuda wambiza futhi waphenduka. Ukumangalela izono, kuneminyaka engama-33 ubudala nsuku zonke, ukuthola amanzi emlonyeni, wasukuma entabeni wanisela induku eyomile. Isimangaliso senzekile - isitshalo esifile sathela amaqabunga amasha, futhi uJuda weza kubafundi bakaJesu.
Kwamanye ama-apocryphs, kuvezwa ukuthi iqhawe livela ebuntwaneni lihlala eduze kukaJesu. Umfana onobuhlungu weza ekwelapheni umphilisi osemncane, kodwa phakathi nenqubo yakhe idemoni wabumbana naye, ngakho-ke uJuda uyaluma ngoJesu eceleni. Umkhonto weLegioneer yaseRoma wabonakala esibayeni esisele. Ingxenye yezinganekwane futhi ukhuluma nakancane ngesihlobo sakwaJuda noJesu - abalingiswa babizwa ngokuthi abafowethu.
Ngokuphathelene nencazelo yesidlaliso "Iskariothi" akukho ukuvumelana. USON SINYONA ISCH KARIOF Judas (yize igama likababa alibizwa ngokuqondile) lamukela igama lesibili lomehluko kusuka kumagama akhe, omunye umfundi kaJesu. I-Iskariyothe yavela njengokwakhiwa kabusha kwezwe laseMotherland - iqhawe. Owokuphela kwawo wonke abaphostoli azalelwa edolobheni laseKariyothi (noma uKariof), abanye babebomdabu baseGalile.
Abanye abacwaningi basikisela ukuthi igama elithi "Keriyot" lisho nje "isigatshana", idolobhana eliseduze neJerusalema. Abanye bancenga ukubonisana ngamazwi amaGrikhi nama-aramia ahunyushwe ngokuthi "amanga", "Killer", "ehlomile". "
Umfanekiso wakwaJuda waba nezincazelo ze-Apocrys yasendulo. Umlingiswa uvezwa njengendoda ephansi futhi emnyama-ngaphandle kwezinwele ezimnyama, i-flussy enkulu, isiliva elinothando (umgcinimafa livame ukugcwala ebhokisini elinqamula).
EVangelini, umbala wezinwele awukhonjisiwe, lesi sici sokuvela kweqhawe sanikezwa abalobi. Futhi kamuva umbono wawususwe kangangokuba uJuda wayebomvu. Isibonelo, u-Emil ZOL no-Onor de Balzac emisebenzini yakhe basebenzise inkulumo ethi "bomvu njengoJudas". Umphostoli wagqoka izingubo ezivela endwangu emhlophe, ehlobisa i-apron yesikhumba ngamaphakethe. Ku-Islam uJudas ubukeka njengoJesu, "wenza kanjalo wenza sabethelwa esiphambanweni esikhundleni sikaMesiya.
Ukufa kwaJuda kuchazwe ngokunembile eBhayibhelini, nokho, ezinguqulweni ezimbili. Lapho esekhaphele uthisha wakhe, umgcinimafa wahamba wazilengisa. Inganekwane ithi ngalezi zinhloso indoda ethile yakhetha i-aspen. Kusukela lapho amaqabunga ezihlahla aqala ukuthuthumela emoyeni, nesitshalo uqobo sathola izakhiwo ezimangazayo. Izinkuni zika-Osin zishiya izikhali ezinhle ngokumelene nezikhali (ama-vampires), akunakwenzeka ukwakha izakhiwo zezindlu, ezisinde kakhulu.
Uhlobo lwesibili lwe-canonical luphikisana:
"... Futhi lapho kubuhlungu, wamhlikihla, wawela konke ukungena ngaphakathi."Abapristi ababoni ukungqubuzana lapha, bekholelwa ukuthi intambo uJuda azingenisa yona, yanqunywa, futhi "yaze" Ngokweminye imithombo, umsizi kaJesu wafa ebudala obujulile esifweni esingalapheki esingaphenduli.
Ukukhaphela kwaJuda
Njengoba akhulelwe ukubhekisisa, uJuda waya kubaphristi abakhulu wabuza ukuthi yiliphi inani lentengo elizolithola ngesenzo sakhe. Umphostoli wathenjiswa ngokuthi "umsebenzi" uSrebrenikov. Ngokusho kwesethulo sezincwadi zeBhayibheli - inani liyenzeka: Ngezindleko ezinjalo, kwathengiswa iziza zomhlaba edolobheni. Icala elifanele lokudlulisa uKristu lalethwa ngobusuku obufanayo. Indoda yaholela ensimini yamaqhawe egadini laseGarden, lapho akhombisa khona ukwanga, okokuqala wachaza:
"Ngubani enginganga, uwukuthatha."Ngokusho kombhishobhi omkhulu waseBulgatt, uJuda wamanga uJesu, ukuze amabutho angamniki naYe nabaphostoli, ngoba igceke lalingubusuku obumnyama.
Kungani le ndlela yemiyalo kuMesiya, abacwaningi beTestamente eNtsha bachazwa - lokhu kuwuphawu lwendabuko lokubingelela, isifiso sokuthula nobuhle kumaJuda. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ibinzana elithi "ukwanga uJuda" laphenduka idiom, elibonisa ubuqili obukhulu kakhulu. Lapho nje uKristu egwetshwa ukubethelwa, uJuda uyabona akwenza, futhi abuyele. Ibuyisa i-srebrenikov engamashumi amathathu namagama
"Ngonile, ngikhaphela igazi elingenacala,"Futhi ekuphenduleni kuzwa:
"Yini esinayo ngaphambili? Zibheke ".Khansela ngesihloko, kungani uJuda akhaphela uKristu, izingqondo eziningi zithathwe. Enye yezincazelo ezisobala kakhulu - IKorestoLubia. Abavangeli baphinde bakhombe iqhaza ekuzibandakanya kukaSathane: Kusolwa ukuthi wahlangana kuMgcinimafa wabusa.
Abanye abameleli beSonto bavuma ukunganakugwenywa kwemboni yakaZimu, bathi, izehlakalo zaqalwa, futhi uJesu wayazi ngakho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, wacela umphostoli ukuba ayinike, futhi njengoba umfundi ehluleka ukungamlaleli lowo mfundisi, kwadingeka ngilalele. Ngakho-ke, uJuda waphenduka isisulu, futhi esikhundleni seqhawe lesihogo lizoba sePharadesi.
Abanye bazama ukuthethelela lo mthetho okhathele uJuda ngokulindela uJesu, ekugcineni uzokwenza inkazimulo yawo futhi athunyene, lapho esenethemba lokusindiswa okumangalisayo kothisha. Abanye baqhubekele phambili, basola iJuruya ukuthi badumazeka kuJesu, sebemmukele ngoMesiya wamanga, futhi benza egameni leqiniso.
Kumasiko
Ababhali abaningi bazamile ukuhumusha isithombe soJuda wasebhayibhelini ngendlela yabo. Intatheli yase-Italy uFerdinando Gattina maphakathi nekhulu le-19 kwakhipha incwadi yamaMemoiris uJuda, eyayibhalwe phansi ngumphakathi wezenkolo, - Umlandeli uvezwa yi-wrestler yenkululeko yabantu abangamaJuda.
Kuvuselelwa impilo yeqhawe alexei remizov, uJorge Louis Borges, Redlich yaseRoma. Ngokubheka okuthokozisayo kwezEnzo zikaJuda Iskariot, uLeonid Andreev wabiwa encwadini yegama elifanayo. Ummeleli wekhulu lesiliva wakhombisa imbuka eyamthanda kakhulu uKrestu othanda umphefumulo. Abafundi baseRussia bajwayelene nencwadi uMikhail Bulgakov "Master kanye neMargarita", lapho uJuda eya enzeni elinyanyekayo lesithandwa.
Ukudweba njalo kuxhuma ama-Judas ngamabutho "amnyama". Emibhalweni, ama-frescoes kanye nokuqoshwa, umuntu uhlala emadolweni akhe avela kuSathane, wabe eseboniswa ngemibhede emnyama ngaphezu kwekhanda lakhe noma kuphrofayili. Izidalwa ezidume kakhulu zobuciko obuhle zingokwabaculi bePeru of Jotto Di Bondone, Fra Beo Abiko, ubucwebe bakaJean Duke.
Umlingisi waba yiqhawe lemisebenzi yomculo. E-Opera ye-Opera ye-Weatational Opera Andrew Lloyd Webbera noTim Rice "Jesu Kristu - superstar" kwakukhona indawo ye-Aria Juda.
Kusho nokuthi lo msulwa, njengowokuqala wokuguqula, ekugcineni kwehlobo lika-1918, ibhubesi elithrothi lifake itshe lesikhumbuzo enkabeni yeSviyazhsk. Kodwa-ke, le ndaba yahlala inganekwane.
-Vikayo
Ekuseni kwe-cinema, isithombe sakwaJuda American Frank Gaylor kwifilimu ethi "Game Passion Oberammergade". Ngemuva kwalokho walandela uchungechunge lwezihlangu ngesihloko sempilo kaKristu, lapho umdwebo "inkosi yamakhosi" (1961) uNicholas Ray wayeyindawo ekhanyayo. Indima yalowo mphostoli ngaphansi kwenombolo 12 yaya eRipo.
Abagxeki bakwazisa ukuhunyushwa kwamafilimu komculo "UJesu Kristu - superstar". ICanadian Juison yaseCanadan Norman badubula ifilimu efanayo ngesimo sokusebenza lapho umphetho adlale uCarl Anderson.
E-Juda, i-IOyariyot yaphinde yaphinde yaphinde yabalingiswa ngabadlali bakaJelly Orelnik, u-Ian Morkshane, uHarvey Kaitel, uGerard Butler. Lesi sithombe esitelekile sabona le filimu "Uthando Ka-Christ" (2004) Emthethweni wakwaMela Gibson, lapho uJuda abonisa uLuionello. Okokugcina esikrinini esisesibukweni sikaKristu umsulwa kuphume eJoe Radden - ngo-2014, itheyiphu ye- "Ndodana kaNkulunkulu" yaqala ukuqasha.
ERussia, ngaphansi kweJuda Juda, abalingisi ababili babefihlekile, futhi bobabili babenemikhiqizo yenoveli "Master kanye neMargarita". Ngo-1994, uYuri kara wathatha ifilimu ngokususelwa emsebenzini weMikhail Bulgakov, kodwa wafinyelela esibukweni kuphela ngo-2011. Umqondisi umeme u-Igor Vernik endimeni yakwaJuda.
Ngo-2005, i-Premiere ye- "Master neMargarita" evela eVladimir Bortko yenzeka kuthelevishini. Kule teyipu, izilaleli zikujabulele umdlalo uDmitry Naguyev, oveze ngokuqiniseka ukuthi i-Evangelical Traitor.
Amacaphuna
"UKristu ungomunye wazo zonke izinhlaka. Amakhulu ngakunye - amakhulu. "" Kungaba kuhle emhlabeni wonke, ikakhulukazi kubantwana bakaNkulunkulu, kangangokuba uJuda wahlala enesizungu ebugebengwini bakhe ukuze kungabe kusaba khona amambuka ngaphandle kwakhe. "Yunush Russia, Polish Satirika:
"UJuda oyedwa nje nje wabaphostoli abayishumi nambili? Kunzima ukukholwa! "Vasily Klyuchevsky, Isazi-mlando:
"UKristu akavamile ukuba aze, kepha amaJuda awahunyushwanga njengomiyane."UPaul Valerie, imbongi yaseFrance:
"Ungalokothi wahlulele ngomuntu kubangane bakhe. Juda babenamaphutha. "UVellas Brudzignan, Polish Satirik:
"UJuda wasemqalayo ubeka umuzwa obukhulu obuqotho ekuqabuleni kwakhe."Oscar Wilde, umlobi wesiNgisi:
"Namuhla, wonke umuntu omkhulu banabafundi, futhi i-biography yakhe ichaza uJuda."