Biography
I-Erun Antonison Van Annion Ansed Anch, - umculi we-Netherlands weRenaissance, eqhagamshela i-fantastic, i-proklore, intanda-moya kunye ne-speilosofical kunye ne-speilosofical kunye ne-speilosofical kunye ne-Shirirical kunye ne-Shirirical kunye ne-Shrirical kunye ne-Shirirical kunye ne-Shirilosofical kunye ne-Shirines kunye ne-Spiricofical kunye neZizathu zeNtsino kwipeyinti yepeyinti.Ubuntwana noLutsha
UJerome Bosch wazalelwa nge-1453 kwi-herttohenbosa (iphondo eliqaqambileyo). Intsapho yakhe, ivela kwisixeko saseJamani sase-Aachen (ukusuka apho wafumana igama lokugqibela), kudala kunxulumene nokuloba okudala. Utatomkhulu uYeronima, uJan Van Ann, kunye noonyana bakhe abane abahlanu, kuquka notata woMculi wexesha elizayo uAnthony, ababepeyinti.
Iworkshop yosapho van Akenov eyenzelwe ii-odolo zokupeyinta iindonga, ukuthathwa kwezinto eziqingqiweyo zeplanga kunye nokwenziwa kweempahla zecawe. Mhlawumbi, kule mfula ipeyinta i-jerome bosch kwaye yafumana izifundo zokuqala zokuyila. Ngo-1478, xa utata wakhe esifa, iBosch iba ngumnini wocweyo lobugcisa.
Ukukhankanywa kokuqala kwe-Ieroim ngonyaka we-1480 ngonyaka. Ke yena, efuna ukuqala ishishini lakhe kwaye ahlukane nefani ye-Anmen Ann, athabatha i-Alias yomkhweli we-hieemimomus ngegama le-bosch, elivela egameni ledolophu yakhe.
Ngo-1486, indawo yokutshintsha iza kwi-jeerography bosch: Ungena kubuzalwana bonina kaThixo - inkolo enikezelwe kwihlelo lentombi enyulu enguMariya. Wenza umsebenzi wokuyila- utyisela imikhosi kunye namasiko, upeyinta isibingelelo se-chapl ye-St's. UJohn. Ukusuka kweli nqanaba, kwiinjongo zenkolo ziqhutywa ngentambo ebomvu emsebenzini kaJerome.
Ukupeyinta
Ipeyinti yokuqala eyaziwayo yeBosch, enophawu oluqaqambileyo lwe-satirical, lityholwa ukuba lingowe-1470s. Ke, umzekelo, kwithuba le-1475-1480, imisebenzi "isixhenxe esifayo nezinye izinto ezine zokugqibela", "umtshato eKana" ("ukuSebenza kobudenge").
Oku kusebenza ngamandla. Umzekelo, kukumkani waseSpain Filip II de uqhagamshele umfanekiso "osixhenxe ofayo ... kwigumbi lakhe lokulala, ukuze ukubonakaliswa kwesono kwendalo kuziva ukhathazekile.
Kwipeyinti yokuqala, i-Ironim iyonwabisa umntu ongumntu, ukuba sesichengeni kwabo phambi kwe-chartatic, kubandakanya nengubo yethutyana. Ngo-1490-1500, iBosch idala umfanekiso okhohlakeleyo we "nqanawa yezidenge", ebonisa iimonki. Bahlwayela iingoma ezijikelezwe ziingqukuva, kwaye inqanawa ilawula iJester.
Kukho indawo yomsebenzi we-bosch kunye nembonakalo yomhlaba. Umzekelo, kumyezo womhlaba uyakuvuyela ", i-Ierom ibonisa umhlaba ngomhla wesithathu wokudalwa kukaThixo. Embindini womfanekiso-abantu abahamba ze alinganiswa kwisiqingatha sobuthathaka, kwaye sibangqongileyo - izilwanyana kunye neentaka ezichaphazela ubungakanani babo.
Esona sikhulu semisebenzi esindayo yeBosch yinkundla yophawu "yeNkundla". Kwinxalenye ephakathi, iNkundla imbi iboniswa ngqo, apho amalungisa esibhakabhaka esibhakabhakeni achaswa kwabo baboni bahlatywe ziintolo kunye nemikhonto. Kwi-sash yasekhohlo - iparadesi kwimida. Kumphambili obonisa ukudalwa kuka-Eva, ngokomndilili, imeko yokuhendwa kuka-Adam no-Eva Prebred, nasemva-cherubhi, abakhupha e-Edeni. Kwi-sash elungileyo yokuzama kumthambeka esihogweni.
I-Bosch yokugcwala kobuchule bokuyila ngokuhambahamba. Umzekelo, lo mfanekiso "uSena" unenxalenye ezintathu. Kwinxalenye ephakathi, isihlwele esikhathazekileyo siyaboniswa, esithabatha imiqadi ye hay enkulu. Ke, umzobi uyala ukubawa.
Ukongeza, kwi-canvas, unokufumana ikratshi ngomfanekiso weenkosi zempangelo kunye nezokomoya, umGung othandazelayo ngothando ngabahlobo kunye nemali-kwimonki. I-flaps yasekhohlo nengasekunene ihonjiswe ngenjongo esele ineenjongo eziqhelekileyo-esihogweni kunye nokuwa kuka-Adam no-Eva.
Ngokwemifanekiso ye-bosch, akunakwenzeka ukuba ithethe ukuba sele enohlobo oluthile lokupeyinta. Imifanekiso, imimandla yendawo, ipeyinti yoyilo, izilwanyana ezifundwayo kunye nokuhonjiswa kwaboniswa kwii-canvases zakhe. Nangona kunjalo, uJerome uthathwa njengenye yeendaba zobume bomhlaba kunye nepeyinti yepeyinti eYurophu.
Inqaku elahlukileyo lobuchule bukaJerome kukuba waba ngowokuqala njengabalingane ababedale i-ETDEs kunye nemizobo ngaphambi kokuba adalelwe ngokupheleleyo. Ezinye iikesheki zikubonile ukukhanya ngendlela yokupeyinta kunye neendlela zokuhamba. Amaxesha amaninzi imizobo yayiziziqhamo zengcinga zepeyinti ephefumlelwe yimifanekiso ye-gothic monsters, awayibona ngeencwadi okanye i-fescoes okanye i-fescoes okanye i-fescoes okanye i-fescoes okanye i-fescoes okanye i-fescoes okanye i-fescoes okanye i-fescoes okanye i-fescoes okanye i-fescoes okanye i-fescoes okanye i-fescoes.
Kukwabalulekile ukuba i-Ironim Bosk ayizange isayine kwaye ayitshatanga imisebenzi yakhe. Ngokutsho kwababhali-mbali bobugcisa, kuphela iipeyinti ezisixhenxe zisayinwe ngesandla seNkosi. Abo magama apho amantshontsho namhlanje anokutyikitywa kungenjalo nguMbhali), kodwa ogcinwe kwikhathalogu yemyuziyam.
I-Ironim Bosch isebenze kubuchule i-LA LA (ivela kuyo. Kwaye i-LA Prima - "kwindawo enye"), leyo igqibile ukwenziwa kweoyile. Kwindlela yemveli yokuzoba, umculi ulinde ungqimba lwepeyinti ngaphambi kokubeka elandelayo.
Ubomi Buqu
Ngabo bonke ubuhlakani boyilo lobugcisa, iJerome Bosch yayingawedwa. Ngo-1981, watshata no-Aley Goyats van derven, apho, kwiingcinga, wayeqhelene nobuntwana. Wayengaphandle kwentsapho etyebileyo nengagungqiyo kwaye wazisa iqabane kwimo eliqinileyo.
Umtshato akazange ashiye inzala, kodwa wanika impilo-ntle yemali eJerome. Ukususela ngexesha lomtshato wakhe no-bale, wasiwa nabo imiyalelo eyamzisela indlela yokuziphatha, engathandwayo.
Ukufa
Umthendeleko wasweleka nge-9 ka-Agasti, 1516. Umngcwabo wenzeka kwi-chapel yekati yekati yeSt. UJohn, opeyintiweyo we-bosch, ukuba uzibophelele kwimbono yobuzalwana benenekazi lethu. Unobangela wokufa, ngokuchasene nobuchule bukaJerome, akunakwenzeka ukuba banikwe igama - ngelo xesha umzobi wayeneminyaka engama-67 ubudala. Nangona kunjalo, kwiinkulungwane emva kokuba ababhali-mbali bengcwangu babonisa imicimbi emangalisayo.
Ngo-1977, ingcwaba lavulwa, kodwa kwakungekho misebenzi apho. Umbhali-mbali uHans Galfe, owayekhokele ekwenziweni, waxelela ukuba isiqwenga selitye safunyanwa engcwabeni. Xa wabekwa phantsi kwemakroskopu, waqala ukutshisa. Ngenxa yale nyani inomdla, ukumbiwa kwagqitywa kwelokuba uyeke.
Sebenza
Umsebenzi we-Bosch ugcinwe kwigalari kunye nemyuziyam kwihlabathi liphela - eNetherlands, eSpain, eFortal, ePortugal, eCorgium, njl. Njl.
- 1475-1480 - "Izono Zesixhenxe Ubushushu kunye nezinto ezine zokugqibela"
- I-1480-1485 - "Ukubethelelwa emnqamlezweni nge-DANATOR"
- 1490-1500 - "I-Allet yeCzechodia kunye neyoqobo"
- I-1490-1500 - "isithsaba esiqhekezayo"
- I-1490-1500 - "igadi yovuyo loNyango"
- 1495-1505 - Inkundla eyoyikayo "
- I-1500 - "Ukufa kopopu"
- I-1500-1502 - "Ngubani" whaa "
- I-1500-1510 - "isilingo seSt. Anthony"
- I-1505-1515 - "Usikelelekile kwaye Uqalekisiwe"