Umlilo yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yeempawu zemidlalo yeOlimpiki, kunye neflegi kunye nemotto esebenzisa intlonipho enzulu kubaphulaphuli. Ke, ngokuzukisa lo phawu ngo-1980, babhala ingoma, kwaye emva koKhuphiswano eSochi, abaphumeleleyo ngo-2014, iFoni "yomlilo weOlimpiki" ihleli kwipaki yeOlimpiki. Idangatye lenziwa ukuba likhanyise kumnyhadala wokuvula odlula kwidolophu yeOlimpiyadi - ivutha ngokuqhubekayo kude kube lusuku lokugqibela kukhuphiswano. Xa idangatye le-Olimpiki lavela kwaye into ethethwa yile nto iphambili kukwiphepha 24cm.
Yintoni efanekisela umlilo weOlimpiki
Isiko lomlilo ovuthayo kwimvulosi yomthendeleko wezemidlalo uqhubeka ngexesha leGrisi yamandulo. Abantu babekholelwa ukuba idangatye limnkethelele uMlilo, olisondeze kubo abantu be-prometus, bakhumbuza i-meliich, basikhumbuza ngesinyithi kaTtan, basohlwaywa ngenxa yelizwe. Umlilo weOlimpiki ubonakalisa umhlaba kunye nobuhlobo, ukuzama uloyiso kunye nokucoca.Emva kwekhefu elidala kakhulu, ngo-1896, imidlalo yokuqala yeOlimpiki yenzeka eAthene. Nangona kunjalo, kwiiOlimpiki, umlilo awukapheliswe. Kwenzeka kwiminyaka emininzi kamva. Ingcinga yokubuya kwesiko, ukunyuka ukuya kwizithethe zamaGrike zamandulo zamaGrike, ngo-1912, wabeka phambili i-French Baron Pierre de-uMsunguli weflegi edumileyo ngamakhonkco amahlanu adumileyo. Nangona kunjalo, okokuqala, idangatye le-Olimpiki lakhanyiswa kuphela ngo-1928 eAmsterdam - kwibala lemidlalo kwi-Netherlands le-Netherlands ngesi sihlandlo, isitya sokuqala selangatye lakhiwa.
Iphi kwaye njani itotshi yomlilo weOlimpiki wemidlalo yale mihla
Xa le midlalo yazalwa ngokukhethekileyo, izazinzulu azikabikho ukunika impendulo echanekileyo. Kodwa umsunguli wemidlalo yeOlimpiki yababhali-mbali ecinga ngePelops, eyayitshata nentombi kaKingman.
Ngokwembali, umlawuli wesixeko saseIse waxelwa kwangaphambili ukuba uza kufa xa ubuhle be-hippogo batshata. Ukuphepha eli ntlekele, enamandla ubeka iimeko ezingenakufikeleleka ezandleni zendlalifa. Amanye amaqela akhuphisana ne-Enonoma elugqatsweni kweenqwelo zokulwa, kodwa akukho mntu unokumoyisa * uNdikhoyo, ngaphandle kwePelips, eyathi inkulumbuso. Emva koloyiso kumdyarho kunye nokufa kukatata waseHippogo, umyeni waba ngumlawuli weeleta kwaye walungiselela iminyhadala ezukileyo ezukisweni kwesi siganeko.
Ngesiko, itotshi yeMidlalo yeHlabathi yeOlimpiki ikhanyisa iinyanga ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuqala kolu khuphiswano kwitempile kaZeus kwi-Olimia ukusuka kwisipili selanga. Ukuzukiswa kwesi siganeko, umsitho oqinisekileyo ucwangcisiwe, ngaphambili apho kukho amaqhelise ahlukeneyo.
Kwisiko, i-goctures ebonisa ubunzulu be-Priestestes ukubandakanyeka. La ngamantombazana alishumi elinanye kwiimpahla zesiGrike zesiGrike. "I-verkhovna zerice" ifumana ilungelo lokufunda umthandazo kwaye itshise umlilo. Kumsitho womsinga wokumangalelwa, ukudluliselwa komlilo weOlimpiki, apho iimbaleki zidlulisela ilangatye kwi-Olimpiki yemidlalo yeOlimpiki.
Kuyo yonke imbali yanamhlanje yemidlalo yeOlimpiki, isiko kunye nendawo yokuqonda itshintshe ngakumbi. Ke, kwimidlalo yokuqala ngo-1896, akukho msitho waneliseka yiGrisi ngokudlulisela. Ekukhokweni kweNetherlands, idangatye likhanyiselwe nje kwisitya. Ngo-1952, kwa kwenzeka isimangalo kwindlu yendlu yoovulindlela uShipimba waseNorway Ski yezemidlalo uSandizim. Ngo-1992, wadlala eBarcelona, owayekhunjulwa ngulo mnyhadala umangalisayo. I-Archel ye-Archel yaseSpain, iParatolic Antonio Rebolo ibeke umlilo itolo, eyathi yasungulwa kwisitya kwibala lemidlalo.
I-Olimpiki ye-Olimpiki yePhezulu
Njengoko sele kukhankanyiwe, umlilo wokuqala weOlimpiki uyakhanyiswa ngaphandle kokuphinda udlulise. Okokuqala ngqa, ukudluliselwa kwemveli kwamadangatye okuqala kwindawo yendibano kwenzeka kuphela emva kweminyaka esibhozo-ke kukhuphiswano lwenzeka eBerlin. Umqalisi ngumsebenzi wezemidlalo waseJamani uKarl Dim. Inguqulelo esemthethweni ithi i-Sociest iphefumlelwe ngumfanekiso kwiVenkile yakudala yesiGrike kule mbono, apho i-lamptarrom ye-lampdy iboniswa - inyanzelekile kwitotshi.
Kolu hlobo lwebali lokuzalwa, ukudluliselwa kulibaleka ukukhankanya igama lezinto zakudala kunye nezemidlalo i-Alfred Schiff, eyayiqhutywa kwiKomiti yeNdlela yaseJamani kwimidlalo yeOlimpiki. Inzululwazi iphononongiwe ii-MAGOS kunye nemizobo kwiivases ngomfanekiso wetotshi. Yayiyinkqubo yezinto zakudala eyacebisa ukuba kumaxesha amandulo kukho isiko eline-ox edluliselwe ukudluliselwa komlilo, kwaye wathetha malunga neengcebiso zeKarl Dima. Le ithiyori iqinisekisiwe ziirekhodi kwiDayiri ye-Vierist yeVidiyo yaseJamani. Inzululwazi icebise umntu osebenza naye kwimidlalo ye-Antique.
Kufunyenwe ukuba umbono wokucwangcisa u-Dima waphakanyiswa kuphela yi-alfred Schiff. Ingcebiso engxamisekileyo yafunyanwa kwi-Arcial Umsebenzi wemfundo yeSizwe kunye ne-Propaganda, eyayinoxanduva lokuphuma kwi-Tosch Popsions eJamani.
Kwii-Olimpiki ze-1936, i-boon ethembekileyo yabanjwa kwi-Olimpiki, kwitempile kaZeyus, ngoncedo lwesipili, olwenziwa ziimpawu zenkampani yaseJamani. Idangatye laloyiswa eAthens ukuya eBerlin e-Bulgaria, Yugoslavia, eHungary, e-Austria naseCzechoslovakia.
Ukuze umlilo awuphumi
Umlilo weOlimpiki kufuneka ufike kwisitya senkundla kwikomkhulu lemidlalo ye-neskigas. Ukuze amadangatye ayengaphumi, iinjineli zicinga ngononophelo ngoyilo lweetotshi. Umzekelo, inkampani yaseJamani iRiredrich Kiprp yazisa i-ballitors. Kananjalo, amayeza aseJamani ayenza into yokutshisa i-magnesium, enceda ukuxhasa ilangatye nomoya.Itekhnoloji efanayo yasetyenziswa kwimidlalo eLondon ngo-1948, apho iitoni ezimbini zazenziwa. Kwenye, iipilisi ezinokutsha zibekwe kwenye, kwaye i-magnesium yatshiswa emlilweni, ke idangatye lingabonakali kwilitha kwimini. Inketho yesibini yayisetyenziswa kwinqanaba lokugqibela lokudlulisela, xa kwafunyanwa imbaleki yaseBritani uYohane Marbley.
Nangona kunjalo, kwanoyilo oluqinisekisiweyo kunye nezinto ezinokutsha ezinokutsha ngamanye amaxesha azikwazi ukuthintela ukungalungisi. Elinye lala matyala anjalo lenzeka eMontreal. Kwimidlalo yeOlimpiki eCanada ngo-1976, umlilo wathunyelwa ngendlela entsha - ngendawo. Ngesatellite, idangatye latshintshelwa eAthens eOttawa, apho itotshi emva koko ivutha ngumlilo. Yayikukudluliselwa komlilo wokuqala ukusuka kwelinye ilizwekazi ukuya kwelinye. Kodwa nge-22 kaJulayi, ngenxa yomoya ovuthuzayo, isitya senkundla yaseMbali yaseMontre saphuma-kuye kwafuneka sisebenzise umthombo wedangatye welangatye elivela eGrisi.
Isigameko ngelangatye elicinyiweyo lenzekile kwi-Olimpiki yasebusika kwiSochi. Kwenzekile kwisikwere esibomvu eMoscow, xa itotshi yaqhutywa yi-shavarsh vladimirovich ye-Karapechan, iSoviet yexesha eli-7 imbambano ", imbali yerekhodi yehlabathi", imbali yerekhodi yehlabathi ". Umsebenzi wefso uye kunceda, obuyayo nelangatye ngoncedo olukhanyisiweyo.
Umlilo weOlimpiki uphumile kwaye ngoMatshi wama-2021, xa kudluliselwa kwakuqala eJapan. Oku kwenzeke kwinqanaba lomdyarho kwi-fukushima. Ngoncedo lwesibane se-backup, idangatye lalivuthiwe kwakhona, kwaye itotor iqhubeke iqhuba.
Indlela yomlilo weOlimpiki
Ukusukela oko le midlalo ifumene isikali sehlabathi, indlela ye-Olimpiki itshintsha izihlandlo ezininzi. Nyaka ngamnye, abaququzeleli bokhuphiswano baza neyona ndlela iphambili. Idangatye latshintshelwa phakathi kwamazwekazi ngendawo kwaye nangaphantsi kwamanzi. Ngo-2000, i-Ofisi ye-Ofisi ye-Ostralia Craig Duncan ibanjwe idangatye le-Olimpiki kwi-Seabed versier Reef. Izazinzulu ziye zeza netotshi ngokubekwa kwengxolo, engeyiyo irhasi phantsi kwamanzi kwaye ikhuphe ukukhanya.
Ityala leOlimpiki eSydney ayisiyiyo kuphela xa umlilo unxibelelana namanzi. Kwimidlalo ebusika eSochi, idangatye lahhliswa ezantsi kweLake Baikal eorrickvyanka. Ukudluliselwa kwamanzi phantsi kwamanzi okwenziwe kwi-diadssa-torch. Ukutshiswa kugcinwa ekuchitheni isixhobo esiguqula imiqondiso elwandle.
Ukuhlaselwa kwitotshi iOlympiad
Benze kwimbali yeeOlimpiki kunye nokuhlaselwa umlilo ngokomfuziselo. Ke, ngexesha lokudluliselwa eBrazil ngo-2016, idangatye lalizama ukubeka indoda engaziwayo. Umhlaseli wakhulula i-foam yangqengqelekayo kumlilo wokucima umlilo kwiTorchoronia, kodwa inkundla yonyanzeliso lomthetho ibimisiwe ngexesha, kwaye umlilo awuzange uphume. Emva koko, olunye uhlaselo lwenziwe kwimbaleki-umntu waqhekeza ucingo kwaye wahlasela imbaleki, izama ukukhupha itotshi. Eli polisa lingeneleli likwakwazi ukukhetha ukungathathi cala.Ityala elinomdla lenzeka kwi-Olimpiki edlulayo eJapan ngo-2021. Umhlali wasekuhlaleni uqhankqalazo ngokuchasene nokuphatha ukhuphiswano phakathi kwesifo sosulelo lwe-coronavirus rademic ubaleke kwitotshi yepistol yamanzi kwaye wazama ukukhupha idangatye. Oku kwenzekile kwindibaniselwano kumantla-mpuma weTokyo. Ibhinqa elivalelwe amagosa.
Ngubani oxoke umlilo weOlimpiki
Kumntu wokuqala wokudlulisela isitya somlilo weOlimpiki kwibala lemidlalo wakhanyisa i-Fight yaseJamani iShiiln. Imbaleki ifumene lelungelo elihlonelweyo lohlobo oluqaqambileyo lokubaleka. Isiko lokutshiswa amalangatye avuthayo abalisele iimbaleki zigcinwe kude kube ngoku.
Phakathi kobuntu obufihlakeleyo ukuba umlilo weOlimpiki wakhanyiswa, ibhokisi ye-mobilemed ali. Kwenzekile kumsitho wokuvula waseAtlanta (i-USA) ngo-1996. I-Ahleete yazisa itotshi kwi-caby yokuzijonga, ngokutyibilikwa kwelangatye lesitya, ekhangeleka ngokumangalisayo.
Kumsitho wokuvula wokuvula kwemidlalo yeOlimpiki yehlobo eMoscow ngo-1980, umdlali webhola yeSoviet, i-Olimpiki ye-Olimpiki ka-1972 yaba nguSergey Geles, odlulayo. Imbaleki ekhanyisiwe isitya kwibala lemidlalo eLuzhniki.
Ngamanye amaxesha abathathi-nxaxheba abadlulisela bengabangaziimbaleki abaziingcali, kodwa abantu abaqhelekileyo kunye nabantwana. I-Olimpiyad yeMontreal ngo-1976 yayingakhunjulwa kuphela kwidangatye. Ngesitya senkundla, enye imeko yokonwabisa ixhunyiwe. Emva koko umlilo weOlimpiki wakhanyisela abakwishumi elivisayo, uStephen Prefronin noSandra Henderson, ofanekisela umanyano lweCanada. Le ndoda yayifanekisela inxenye ethetha isiFrentshi, kwaye intombazana ithetha isiNgesi.