Biography
Iyo biography yemukadzi ane tarenda iri anozivikanwa nezvese zvinhu zvehunyanzvi uye neupenyu hwomunhu. Iro zita uye mifananidzo yemufananidzo yeOlg Bhuku reOlga pakutanga kwezana ramakore rechi20 yaive ichishongedza mapepa eiyo moscow mosque Pakutanga kwebasa racho, akasangana nerudo rwake rukuru uye rerudo rwake chete - munyori Anton Chkhovov, bhuku ravo rakaridza mhere pamakore genio.Hudu uye Vechidiki
Book Buper akaberekwa musi waSeptember 21, 1868 muguta reViyatka Province Province. LEONARD BHUKU 'BUBDED ALSATIAN GEREMER, NAPLASE yePrussia, yakashanda seinjiniya-technologist pane chirimwa chakasarudzika. Anna Ivanovna's Amai vaSalza - muimbi, ane inzwi rinoshamisa uye kuridza piyano.
Vaviri vacho vakarera vana vatatu - Konstantin, Olga naVladimir. Muna 1871, mhuri yemabhuku yakatamira kuMoscow. Vana vaitenda amai vakakura mumamiriro ekunze ekugadzira: Kwezororo, zviitiko zvemimhanzi zvakagadzirirwa, ivo pachavo vakasonera masutu, vakapenda nzvimbo yacho, vakadzidza nziyo uye vakaita.
Yakaberekerwa muiri Olga kune zviitiko zvehunyanzvi, asi baba vakarota vava mwanasikana-mwanasikana uye munzira dzose vakakurudzira kupenda kwake. Zvakare, Olga akadzidza nzira dzekune dzimwe nyika kubvira achiri mudiki, ane muChirungu, chiFrench neGerman. Asi musikana aisazofanira kushanda. Pakupera kweiyo yakavanzika yevakadzi kurovedza muviri, akararama "airarama mukadzi."
Zvese zvakachinja kufa kwaBaba muna 1894. Mamiriro emari emhuri adziviranise zvakanyanya. Pano, dzidzo yemimhanzi yeAnna Ivanovna yaibatsira, akapa zvidzidzo zvakazvimiririra, uye mushure mechinguva iye achiri purofesa wekuimba kuchikoro chaPhilharmonic chikoro. Olga naVladhing saamai vaigona kubatsira. Konstantin panguva iyoyo yakashanda muCaucasus.
Theatre
Kurota nezve basa rekuita, Olga akaedza kaviri kuti awane dzidzo yebasa. Kekutanga, musikana akaedza simba rake mu studio yeMutambi uye mudzidzisi waAlexander Lensky, asi haana kuona ramangwana rekutarisira mudzidzi. Kuedza kwechipiri kwacho kwaisavewo kubudirira: Muna 1895 akaendeswa ku stramatic chikoro cherushuchi che Imperi yemitambo midiki, asi akadzingwa mushure mekutanga bvunzo dzisina kujeka.
Sezvineiwo, "kuderedzwa" kwakagadziriswa: Olga akaburitsa munhu akakwirira. Chiitiko ichi chaive chakaomera musikana, uye chidimbu, sekunge chakanyungudika, chinotumira zvakanaka kune muimbi. Mugore rimwe chetero, anopinda chikoro chinonakidza kuThe Moscow Philharmonic School (zvino Gitis). Mabhuku mazhinji eOlga aive VSvolod Meyerhod, Ivan Mospin, Maria Germerv uye imwe nyeredzi dzemberi MHT.
Iyo pentor yechidiki taka yaive iyo yakatanhamara yemitambo yemitambo uye mutambi wetradimir Nemirovich-Danchchenko. Iye ndiye akatanga kuve tarenda remudzidzi wake, uye muna 1898, mushure mekuburitswa kweboka, anokoka Olga kune iyo yeOlga yemitambo yemitambo yemitambo yakagadzirwa naye. Uyezve, mukutanga kutamba kweMT "Tsar Fyedor John" pane yekutamba Alexei tolstoy Olga, basa guru racho rakapihwa - iyo mambokadzi weIrina. Dutu rakabudirira kwazvo, uye chikamu chikuru chinotevera chaive chisiri kure.
Mugore rimwe chetero, troupe akatanga kudzokorora chekhov's "seagull", mune ino fomu Olga Leonararevna akagamuchira basa reArcadine. Trpleva akatamba Meyinest, uye Trigorin - Stanislavsky. Iyo yekutanga yekutamba yakaitika kwegore idzva, uye kwaive kukunda chaiko, imba yacho yakaburitsa kutamba kwevatambi vamire. Munguva pfupi inotevera "Chika" yakava bhizimusi rebhizinesi reMT.
Anton Pavlovich yekutanga ye "Seagulls" muguta guru Alexandrianra haina kutenda mukubudirira kweiyo nhanho yeMoscow. Uku kuratidzira uye kwakaumba hwaro hwenhoroondo yavo inoshamisa yerudo uye muchato wakazotevera.
Nekudaro, kunyange akasungira chimiro chake nemunyori, Olga Leonardovna haana kurwara naye, ari kurwara zvakanyanya, muYalta, ndokuenderera mberi nekutamba nzvimbo yemitambo inodiwa. Pashure pekubudirira kwe "seagulls", chekhov anotamba akaita tsika yeiyo MHT. "Babamunini Vanya", "hanzvadzi nhatu", "Karyo Bindu", Ivanov "- mune zvese izvi zvigadzirwa Olga Knipper akapenya mumabasa akakwirira.
"Ini handizive kuenda kune chimwe chimiro chekunze, kubva kusarista kwekunze, kugadzira chiitiko nerubatsiro rwehunyanzvi chimwe ... Kunyange chimwe chinhu chisiri kuberekwa mumweya wangu, imwe yemhando yemunhu haizoonekwe - Ini handikwanise kutamba. Ini ndinodaidza kuti "imba yakavanzika" ichi nenzira, "akanyora mundangariro dzake.
Mushure mekufa kweAnton Pavlovich, mutambi kwenguva yakareba akaendeswa pamudyandigere, asi paakazoenda zvakare pachikuva, mutambo wake wakashandurwa, kuita zvakadzama uye filigree. MuRetertOire yebhuku Rakaonekwa mabasa matsva uye zvigadzirwa. The Artist akaridza muGoogov "Auditor", maComed ", Gomo reAlexander Griboyev And Motor", " vamwe.
Nekutanga kwezviitiko zvekuchinja kweiyo mht trouze kusiya kusvika pakubuda. Kubva muna1919 kusvika 1922, Olga Leonardovna ane timu akafamba maguta eSouth of Russia, pamwe neEurope neUnited States. Muchikamu, izvi zvinodzungaira zvakamanikidzwa - hondo yevagari vemo yaive munyika yavo yekuzvarwa, uye maartist aive asina mukana wekudzoka nekushanda sepakutanga.
Yakanga iri pane idzi nzendo dzekuti surname yemubatanidzwa yakazvarwa - knipper chekhov. Maererano nengano, muCroatia Zagreb kuti uwedzere kufarira kwekutaura kweTroupe, bhuku-CHKHOV yakafunga kunyora mumashure, kutaura zita remutambi wemurume wake ane mukurumbira. Uye trick yakashanda - vateereri vari muhoro yacho yaitomboita basa.
Olga Leonaravovna akadzoka kuMoscow chete muna 1924. Asi kubva zvino zvichienda mberi, iyo Regetirce yaro haisisiri yakafara sepakutanga. Zvakawanda zveChkhovi uye zvimwe zviitiko zvemhando yepamusoro zvakabviswa, kunze kweizvozvo, vatariri vechidiki vakauya kuimba yemitambo, uyo akatora mabasa akambosimbisa pakugadzirira. Kune mutambi, nguva yemazera ekuita: Wolov mu "kusuwa kubva mupfungwa", Nadezhda lvovna mu "Armoriya 14-69", mari yakanaka kwazvo "
Muna 1937, Olga Leonaravanidza akagamuchira mubairo weHurumende uye zita revanhu muimbi. Asi ipapo pakanga paine mibairo yekare yakakodzera kukosha. Mumitambo yeSoviet, pakanga pasina mabasa ekare muchinda, haana kugadzikana akanzwa mumifananidzo yezviyeu zvekuzvidira, kazhinji akaoneka pane nzvimbo yemitambo yemitambo. Iyo yekupedzisira nguva iyo mutambi akaenda kumafuramu anodiwa muna 1950 mu "kumuka".
Hupenyu Hwako
Kunyangwe iye akajairana neyekutanga kuwanda kweMht uye akakosha munyori akaitika pakudzokorora kwemitambo "Chikhovo", Tsar Fedor John "mune basa raMambokadzi Irina. Akanyora nezve fungidziro yake kubva kuActress:
"Irina, mumaonero angu, ihuru. Izwi, kukudzwa, incestia - zvakanaka zvekuti kunyange muhuro dzatanga ... Dai ndaizogara kuMoscow, ndaizowira murudo neiyi Irina. "Pedyo neOlga naAnton Pavlovich vakatanga kutaurirana mushure mekutanga kwe "seagulls" muna 1899. Mugore iro, munyori akashanyira imba yemupristi, uye iye akatendeuka, akashanyira nhaka yake muMelikov. Ipapo, ari kure, vaviri ava vakatanga kunyorerana. Epistolar romance hurukuro mune chirevo chemaoko nemwoyo. Muna 1901, Chikhovi naKnipper vakaroora. Nekuti zvese yaive muchato wekutanga. Mujaya hwake, Olga aive aine nhepfenyuro imwe chete - neinjiniya anozivikanwa Vladimir Shukhov.
Nekudaro, mushure memuchato, vakaroora vakaona kunetseka. Chirwere chake chakada kugara munzvimbo yekudziya - kumaodzanyemba, uye basa rake rakakweverwa kuChiitiko cheMoscow. Nekudaro, Chekhovuko pachake haina kumbomira mukati maro uye maitiro aaigona kusimbisa mukadzi wake mumavara ake adziyaridzo uye anobata:
"Iwe unotonga sezvazvinofanira kuva: Dai iwe ukagara neni muYalta nguva yese yechando, saka hupenyu hwako hwaizopambwa, uye ini ndainzwa kuzvidemba chii chiri nani chiri nani. Kupfuura zvese, ndakaziva kuti ndakaroora kuti ndiratidze, ndiko kuti, paakaroora, zvaive pachena kuti uchagara muMoscow. "
Tsamba dzaive nzira chete dzekutaurirana pakati pevadi. Ndiwo tsamba yavo yerudo, pamwe nekugona kuverenga, inoonekwa inhaka yakakosha yemunyori. Zvakangodaro, maitiro ebhuku akarongerwa munyika uye akatopihwa mumiti yake isiri iyo yemurume nemurume anozivikanwa. Kunyanya kuwedzera kurambwa kwemukadzi waAnton Chekhove mushure mekufa kwake muna 1904.
Mukadzi wacho akakwanisa kupukunyuka maitiro aya, asi munguva pfupi akakunda ruremekedzo rwechokwadi nguva isati yapera, ndangariro dzakatendeka dzeBogatvita Pavlovich Ravlovich. Mukadzi akaroora haana kubuda uye akapedza mamwe mazuva ese ari oga.
Rufu
Anoshamisa mutambi Olga Bhuku-Chekhovi akasara musi waMbudzi 22, 1959 muMoscow nekuda kwechirwere chakareba. Theatrical Prima inovigwa kuNovderevichy Cemetery.Theatrical zviitwa
- 1898 - "Seagll"
- 1899 - "Sekuru Vanya"
- 1900 - "Snow Maiden"
- 1901 - "Masisita matatu"
- 1901 - "Ivanov"
- 1904 - "Kerry Bindu"
- 1905 - "Vana vana"
- 1908 - "Auditor"
- 1913 - "Mnimy Patient"
- 1924 - "Mumazaya Ose Ekukuvara Kwese"