"Klyk yera", "gukunda ubuzima", "Guhamagarira abakurambere" - Amazina y'ibyo n'ibindi bikorwa by'umwanditsi uzwi azwi ku bantu babarirwa muri za miriyoni bo mu kigo cy'imfubyi. Kandi ibintu bitangaje byasobanuwe mu nkuru ze, imitwe n'ibitabo byimuriwe inshuro nyinshi muri ecran ya firime, yahindutse filime z'ubuhanzi bushimishije.
Ku ya 12 Mutarama 2021 yari afite imyaka 145 kuva umunsi Jack London yavukaga, yerekeranye nibisobanuro byamatsiko yubuzima nubuzima bwihariye - mubikoresho 24cm.
1. udashaka
Umwanditsi uzwi ntiyashoboraga kuvuka kuko ivuka rye ryabanjirije ibintu biteye agahinda.Padiri wabyaye Umwanditsi w'ejo hazaza, amaze kumenya ko ishyaka rye ritegereje umwana, ntabwo yishimiye. Umugabo ntabwo yateguye kubyara. Noneho atangira guhonyora umugore mumwana utegereje, ahatira gukuramo inda. Amakimbirane yateje ukuri ko gutwita yagerageje kugabanya amanota ubuzima, kurasa. Ariko, amahirwe, yasabye igikomere gito.
2. Inararibonye
Umuhanda ugana ibitabo wari umwanditsi wibyabaye kandi byinshi. Yavutse mu myaka ndende yo kwiheba, akora ku gihembwe cya nyuma cya XIX Centry Amerika, Jack London yatangiraga gukora kare kare.
Nkumwana, umwanditsi uzaza yigenga amafaranga yigenga kugirango afashe umuryango: mugitondo hari abanyamakuru bashya imbere yishuri, kandi nimugoroba bakoraga nkisuku muri parike yaho iherereye muri parike ya Beer.
Nyuma Jack yarabaye.
Umwanditsi wabayeho n'umwanditsi mu myaka yashize abangavu nyuma yagaragaye ku mpapuro z'ibitabo bye. Kandi abantu umusore bavuganaga mugihe cyo gushyikirana, babaye prototypes kumintwari yimirimo ye.
3. Mugukurikirana oysters
Mu bihe byuzuye bya Jack London, igice cyihariye kigenda nyuma yo kwirukana ingimbi yavuye mu ruganda rutangwa, aho Umwanditsi azaza yabaye mu myaka ya 14, ajugunya ishuri.Kubera ko ntarashaka guhindukirira imvugo ya Londres ubwe, "mu nama zikora", uwo musore yajyanye virginia ya Virginia kugeza $ 300. Kandi yabonye male yakubiswe atontoma, aho yakoraga amashyi yo kuroba mu buryo butemewe ku nkombe ya pasifika ya Californiya.
Ahisha umupadiri watangiye, tubishyira hejuru ntabwibone ntagereranywa no gutanga ubwibone butagereranywa, byahise bubaha mu zindi "zamaswa za oyster", igurishwa muri resitora ya San Francisco.
Ariko, umwuga wo mu nyanja utumije wamaze igihe kinini - umusore yitaye ku irondo rya kuroba, ryagize uruhare mu kurwanya uburobyi butemewe. Kandi basabye kuzuza urwego rwumuryango. Bidatinze, "Pirate" yari isanzwe yirukanwe n'uwahoze ari abo mukorana abapadiri mu kigongo na Laguna.
4. AMASAHA - Umucyo!
Hamwe no gushinga umwanditsi uzwi, urubanza ntirwigeze rubigeze. Guhatirwa gukora kuva mu bwana no kuva ku ishuri mu bwana Jack London ntanigeze ahangayikishwa n'iki kibazo. Gusa umwanzuro wo guhuza ubuzima hamwe numvise ubumenyi. Ariko, gukomeza kwiga mumashuri yisumbuye yaranze, kubera ko umuvuduko wamahugurwa mu kigo cyumusore atagukwiriye. Nahisemo gukora ubwanjye.
Aba nyuma ku yahanuye Londres w'imyaka 18 - Jack yateguye maze barengana ibizamini byo kwinjira muri kaminuza ya Californiya. Nibyo, yananiwe kurangiza Kaminuza - yiga ingamba eshatu, umunyeshuri ufite impano yavuye mu kigo, kuko atashoboraga kwishyura amasomo menshi.
5. Arestant
Jack London yamaze ukwezi muri gereza. Undi yagerageje ingabo ze ku nyandiko ya Niva y'uwo musore yatawe muri yombi azira guhungabana, igihe we, hamwe n'abandi bashomeri, yagiye muri "ubukangurambaga i Washington". Iri zina ryahawe urugendo rwo kwigaragambya ku bushomeri bwatewe n'ikibazo cy'ubukungu kivuka mu 1894.Usibye inyandiko zanditse na London hashingiwe kuri ibyo birori, urugendo rufite ubumuga bwo mu mihanda ya Amerika yatumye umusore akumva ko imirimo y'umubiri itazakorana n'umubiri. Hanyuma Jack Londason, maze yiyemeza wenyine, ko amahitamo ye ari ubuvanganzo.
6. Gushimisha Stroke
London azwi cyane cyane kubasomyi bashimira inkuru zidasanzwe. Ariko mu murimo w'umwanditsi hari imirimo n'utundi turere - harimo mu rurimi rwa Utopiya na Siyanse y'ibirimo, "igihe isi yari yong", Goliyati. "
Ntabwo ari Umunyamahanga yari umwanditsi na postpocalyptic, cyane mumyaka mirongo ishize, - igitabo cye "icyorezo cya Alya" aho amatsinda atatanye y'abacitse ku icumu arwanira .
7. bihenze cyane
Nyamukuru mubuzima London byise abagore babiri bagize uruhare runini mu bihe. Kandi ntabwo bari umukunzi we cyangwa mama benshi, uburyo bwo gutekereza. Hamwe na aba bagore, Vitentisi yabaye Virginia, wahoze ari imbata ya nyina Jack, igihe gito nasimbuye umwanditsi w'umwanditsi, ubanza mu ruhare rw'ibintu bya Cormalitsa, hanyuma abibuka. Flora arira muri kiriya gihe yakoraga gahunda yubuzima bwihariye.
Ariko, niba atari kubyifuzo by'umubyeyi w'umwanditsi kugira ngo ubone uwo mwashakanye abonekera ubwe, umuntu wa kabiri w'ingenzi mu buzima Jack London ntazigera ahura. N'ubundi kandi, mushiki we w'impeshyi, Eliza, umwe mu bakobwa bombi bo mu bakobwa bombi ba papa bava mu mibanire yabanjirije, bakomeje kuba inshuti iboneye ku mwanditsi.