Ubuzima
Johnny Cash numuhanzi wumunyamerika, Umunyamerika, Umwanditsi wibihimbano, Umukinnyi, Ikiremwa cyacyo cyari gitwikiriye uburyo butandukanye, urutare na rockilly, rubanda. Nyir'imvugo ya Velvet yamenyekanye kuberako ibihimbano byeguriwe ubuzima bw'abaturage basanzwe, ndetse n'imishinga ihuriweho n'abacuranzi bakomeye mu gihe: Elvis Presley, Jerry Lee Lewis, Tom Petty, Carl Perkins.Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Johnny Cash yavutse ku ya 26 Gashyantare 1932 mu mujyi wa Kingiland, Arkansas, mu muryango wa Anglo-Scotland wo mu miryango minini y'amazi n'inzuzi za Carrie.
Mu 1935, igihe Johnny yahinduye imyaka 3, ababyeyi batuye i Daisa muri koloni yamasomo mashya yashizweho kugirango bafashe imiryango mibi ya Amerika. Cashi yabaye umurima n'umugambi, rero ufite imyaka 5 umucuranzi uzaza watangiye gukorera ipamba hamwe na barumuna be na bashiki be. Ibibazo byubukungu nicyo gihe byabaye insanganyamatsiko yibihimbano byinshi bya Johnny Cash, bashinze impuhwe kubakene batishimye.
Mu mpeshyi yo mu 1944, mu muryango wa Ray na Carrie, ibyago byabaye, umuhungu w'imfura Jack yapfiriye ku ruganda. Johnny yari hafi ya murumuna we kandi abona ko ari igihombo kinini, nyuma yavugaga ibyiyumvo bibi, byarageragejwe kubera ibyabaye, kandi ku nzozi guhura na Jack mu ijuru.
Aya marangamutima, cache akiri muto, yagaragaye mububiko bwambere bwumuziki muburyo bwubutumwa bwiza, bwanditswe kandi bwuzuye munsi ya gitari afite imyaka 12 kuri radio yaho. Nyuma, umuririmbyi yasohoye alubumu indirimbo za gospel gakondo zitwa "Igitabo cyindirimbo cya mama", cyarimo zimwe muri melodi ye yo hambere.
Amashuri yisumbuye arangiye, Johnny yavuye mu murima ajya gushaka akazi. Mu ci ryo mu 1950, yinjiye mu gisirikare mu ngabo z'Abanyamerika ajya mu Budage mu rwego rwo kugabana amaradiyo. Muri iki gihe, cache yaremye umushinga wa 1 wa muzika "Abanyarugomo rusange", wabayeho mbere yuko umwuga we urangiye mu ngabo mu 1954.
Umuziki
Mu 1954, cache yabaye i Memphis. Kurota kugera kuri radiyo, ku manywa yakoraga nk'umugurisha, nijoro atozwa n'inshuti. Johnny hamwe nindirimbo ze zivanjirije zaragenze inshuro nyinshi igenzura, ariko ntizashishikajwe n'ababitunganye bavuze ko Ubutumwa Bwiza budakora. Tumaze gufata imyanzuro no guhindura icyerekezo cyumuziki, amafaranga bidatinze yageze ku ntsinzi ku zuba, aho umucungamutungo wambere "we Porter" na "kurira! Rira! Rira! " Muburyo bwamateka yo hakiri kare.
Umuhanzi yagejejeje amasezerano na label atangira gukora munsi y'ibaba ryashinze, Sam Phillips. Ku ya 4 Ukuboza 1956 muri studio, aho Johnny Cash, Karl Perkins na Jerry Liuis, bakoze imishinga ye, basimbukira ku mishinga ye, basimbukira ku mishinga ye, basimbuka Elvis Presley kandi bagatanga abacuranzi kuguza. Sam yahise ahindukirira ibikoresho kandi yandika Jam, yiciwe ninyenyeri, yatangajwe na quarte ya miliyoni.
Nyuma yo kurekurwa kw '"ibya gereza ya pasika), i" Ngenda mu murongo "na" Murugo rw'ubururu "cache yabaye umucuranzi wo kugurisha cyane w'izuba, yinjiye mu mpumuro 20 zizwi cyane z'igihugu. Mu 1958, igihe Abafilipi bahisemo Jerry Lee Lee Lee, Cash yasize Producer atangira gufatanya na "Columbia Records".
Mu ntangiriro za 60s, umuririmbyi yazengurutse igihugu n'umuryango wa Carter wakoze umuziki w'igihugu. Kugirango tutatakaza ibikorwa mubitekerezo mugihe cyo kuzenguruka, cache yatangiye gutera imbaraga amaherezo abona ko abishingikiriza ku biyobyabwenge, yemeye kwizihiza ibiyobyabwenge.
Nubwo afite ubwoba no gutakaza igice cyo kwigarurira ubwabo, Johnny yakomeje kubyara. Indirimbo ye "impeta yumuriro" yakuye hejuru yimbonerahamwe ya Amerika yinjira kuri 20-ku yibihe byiza mu rutonde rwisi.
Hagati ya za 1960, cache yateje amarira asharira: Ballads yo mu Buhinde Umunyamerika, yeguriwe ibibazo by'Abanyamerika kavukire bakandamizwa na guverinoma. Kugeza mu mwaka wa 2011, iyi nyandiko yafatwaga nk'izimiye, ariko nyuma yo gusohora igitabo kivuga ku biografiya nakazi k'umucuranzi, inyandiko zabonetse kandi zagaruwe. Byaje kwimenyekanisha ko indirimbo 3 zari iyamafaranga, imwe yakoze ku bufatanye na Johnny Horton, naho ahasigaye habaho abantu ba rubanda la la.
Mu 1967, nyuma yo gutandukana bibabaza numugore wa 1, Imyitwarire ya Cache yaje gusohoka. Yanyoye byinshi, akenshi yakoresheje ibiyobyabwenge bibujijwe, yahagaritse disikuru. Ububyutse bwe bwabaye mugihe cyo kwandika duet "Jackson" hamwe numuririmbyi wigihugu Jun Carter. Indirimbo Yabumva n'abanenga kandi itambo igihembo cya Grammy.
Kumurikirwa byamaze igihe kinini, mu mpera za 1967, Polisi ya Leta ya Jeworujiya yataye muri yombi cache yo kubika ibiyobyabwenge. Ijoro ryamaze muri gereza, umuririmbyi yifata mu ntoki kandi yita ku mwuga we: Yavuze muri Kanada, yavuguruye ibitaramo bya gereza, yatangiye gusohoka kwa alubumu zatsinze "Johnny Cash muri Gereza ya Milsom na" Johnny Cash kuri San Qentunin ". Kugurisha izo disiki yatsinze inyandiko ya Beatles kandi igera kuri kopi miliyoni 6.5.
Mu rwego rwo gushyigikira ibikorwa bya muzika mu 1969, Johnny Cash yaremye televiziyo ye kuri televiziyo. Itsinda rihoraho ry'uwo mushinga ni "Abavandimwe bavandimwe", itsinda ry'umuryango wa Carter n'intege nke za Karl Perkins. Nkabashyitsi, Johnny yatumiye abahanzi bazwi Nile Yang, Louis Armstrong, Roy Orbison, Bob Dilan nabandi.
Mu myaka ya za 70, ucirwa urubanza ku ifoto, ishusho rusange ya cache yashizweho. Mu busore bwe, kubera ko yizihije imyenda yijimye, yitwaga "Ultraser", ariko yifata "umuntu wirabura". Mu 1971, Johnny yanditse indirimbo "umuntu uri murabura", aho yasobanuye kode y'imyambarire nk'icyunamo cy'umuyobozi wavutse ku bakene, ashonje, abarwayi n'abandi bantu batishimye.
Mu myaka ya za 70, yamamare ya cache yagiye kugabanuka. Umuhanzi wakinnye mu kwamamaza inshuro nyinshi, yashyize ahagaragara igitabo cya autobiografiya, cyakinnye mu gice cy'ikurikiranya icyamamare "Colombo".
Umubano we na Sitidiyo "Columbiya Records" warangiritse, kandi mu 1986 cache yasubiye kuri studios. Agezeyo, yahujwe na Roy Orbis, Jerry Lee Lewis na Karl Perkins gukora alubumu "155", nyuma yo kumenya kwa Johnny.
Abahanzi b'Abongereza bakize Riley na John Langford basohotse indirimbo za cache yo muri iyo miti yo mu Buhinde. Umuririmbyi ubwe yagize uruhare mu nyandiko ya Album "Zooropa" n'itsinda rizwi rya Irlande U2. Muri sosiyete Toma Petty na "Abamutima", umuririmbyi basohoye "amateka", batsindiye mambo mu 1998.
Mu mpera z'imyaka ya za 90, cache yavumbuye diyabete n'ibimera neuropathy. Umucuranzi yagabanije umubare wa disikuru, hafi yataye uruzinduko. Nubwo bimeze bityo, Johnny yabonye imbaraga zo kwandika alubumu nshya. Umuhanzi wa IV "Umunyamerika watsindiye icyamamare cyihariye, uwo muhanzikazi yakozwe n'igifuniko cy'ibihangano bizwi" bikomeretsa "imisumari icyenda na" kugiti cye ".
Muri 2000-2002, cache yanditse ibihimbano 60, bitabira umuryango werekana umushinga. Ijambo rya nyuma ry'Umuririmbyi ryabaye ku ya 5 Nyakanga 2003, aho, mbere yo kwicwa ku mpeta y'umuriro, asoma ibyiringiro mu mugore uherutse kwapfuye, agaragaza ko yizeye ko azahuza na we "hagati aha hantu no mu ijuru."
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Mugihe cyamahugurwa ya gisirikare, Johnny Cash yahuye na Vivian Librato. Urubyiruko rwamaranye ibyumweru 3 ruguma mbere yuko ugenda mu mucuranzi uzaza mu Budage. Imyaka 3 ikurikira, Johnny na Vivian bahana inyuguti zurukundo bakundana, kandi ukwezi nyuma yo kugaruka kwa cache kuva mu gisirikare barashyingiwe. Ubukwe bwabaye ku ya 7 Kanama 1954 muri Kiliziya Gatolika ya Roma muri San Antonio.
Mu 1961, umuryango ukiri muto wimukiye muri Californiya maze utura mu gace kababyeyi hamwe n'ababyeyi bamafaranga, bayoboye amato, ari umuririmbyi. Icyo gihe, Johnny yari yarabaswe n'inzoga n'ibiyobyabwenge, byakunze kunyeganyega ninzego zishinzwe kubahiriza amategeko yibanze hamwe no kuruhuka mumuryango.
Mu 1966, Vivian yatanze ubutane, kuko atagishoboye kwihanganira ingeso mbi z'umugabo we, kuzenguruka no kugirana umubano uhoraho n'imibanire n'abandi bagore. Abashakanye batandukanijwe mu 1967, Liberto yahawe uburebure bw'abakobwa barenga 4 basanzwe bagumanye na nyina.
Umugore wa kabiri wa cache yari umuririmbyi w'indashyi w'igihugu Jun Carter, umucuranzi yateraniye muri Radiyo ya Radiyo Ole opry. Mu 1968, umucuranzi yakoze icyifuzo cy'uwo bashakanye, no ku ya 1 Werurwe uwo mwaka barashyingiwe. Nyuma yimyaka 3, umugabo n'umugore bari bafite umuhungu wa John Carter Cash, wari umwana wenyine Johnny na Jun.
Abashakanye Cash batangiye gukorera hamwe, ihuriro ryabo ryo guhanga ryabayeho ryera imyaka 35. Carter yagerageje kwirukana umugabo we ibiyobyabwenge biteye ubwoba, afata Amphitheanne akabihanagura mu musarani. Yagumanye na Johnny mu minsi yo kwivuza avuye kunywa ibiyobyabwenge, gusohoza inshingano z'umuforomo. Amateka yubuzima bwabo busangiye bwagaragaye kuri firime ya biografiya "kwimura umurongo".
Urupfu Dzhun ku ya 15 Gicurasi 2003 rwabaye imwe mu byago bikomeye mu buzima bwa Johnny Cash.
Urupfu
Nyuma y'urupfu rw'uwo bashakanye yakundaga, ubuzima bw'umubiri bwa Johnny Cash. Yatwitse cyane mu gihombo adafite igihe. Mu ntangiriro ya 2003, umucuranzi yaguye mu bitaro by'Ababatisita bya Nashville afite imyaka ya diyabete.
Abaganga ntibashobora gufasha umuririmbyi w'icyamamare, ku ya 12 Nzeri 2003, amafaranga yarapfuye. Impamvu y'urupfu yabaye ingorane ziranga uburwayi bwe. Johnny yarokotse umugore we amezi 4 gusa. Yashyinguwe iruhande rwa Joon ku irimbi rya Hendersonville, hafi y'inzu y'abacuranzi.
Mugutanga icyubahiro kuri Showman Nkuru na Rwiyemezamirimo, Inshuti za Cash zasohotse alubumu 2 za nyuma ya saa sita zirimo indirimbo za nyuma: "Umunyamerika V:" Umunyamerika VI: ntabwo ari imva "ntabwo ari imva".
Discography
- 1959 - "REBULUSS MOMBNY GAFI"
- 1962 - "BYOSE URI MOTOR y'Ubururu"
- 1966 - "Hahirwa"
- 1968 - "Kuva mu nyanja kugirango urambire inyanja"
- 1977 - "Ballad ya nyuma ya Ballad"
- 1980 - "RockAbilly Blues"
- 1988 - "Amafaranga ya kera: Inzu yicyamamare"
- 1996 - "idafunguwe"
- 2000 - "Umunyamerika III: Umuntu Wenyine"
- 2002 - "Umunyamerika IV: Umugabo araza"
- 2010 - "Abanyamerika VI: ntabwo ari imva"