Ubuzima
Kanama Kanama niwe washinze Ingoma y'Abaroma, washoboye kubaka igihugu gikomeye. Ku bihe by'Inama y'Ubutegetsi, isezerano rishya ryagize ivuka rya Yesu kristo. Ku buyobozi bwa Octaviana, Abaroma babayeho imyaka 45. Ubuzima bw'umutegetsi, Komanda n'Umuvugurura byuzuyemo ibintu bishimishije, kandi ubuzima bwawe bwuzuye peripetia.Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Izina ryukuri Kanama - Guy Oktavi Hugin. Umuhungu yari umusaruro ukomoka mu bingana, kuva mu muryango wubahwa. Basokuru na basogokuru basize ababakomokaho umurage ukize, bashimira ubucuruzi bwa banki. Octaviya Augustus nta sano ifitanye isano n'intore za sosiyete. Abatavuga rumwe n'umwami bakunze kumwibutsa igisekuru, biranga umwanya w'umutegetsi nk'intebe idakwiye.
Dukurikije inyandiko z'umuhanga mu by'amateka Stutonia, Octavi yavutse mu 63 mbere ya Yesu. IZINA RULUS, UMWAMI WISANZWE W'UMUSHYIZA, YAKIRA MU 27 BC. Ku myaka 5, Octoviya yabuze se, guverineri muri Makedoniya muri kiriya gihe. Nyina w'umuhungu, mushiki we Julia Sezari, yongeye gushyigirwa Consul Luci.
Ni isano zifitanye isano zabaye ingenzi muri biografiya yumutegetsi w'ejo hazaza. Umusore yakunze umwami w'abami utegeka, wamujyanye kuri nyirarume. Kuva mu biganza bye, Octavian yakiriye ibihembo bya gisirikare, umutwe wa Patricia na Pontif. Kubera ko Sezari nta mwana yari afite, yafashe itungo maze ahindura nyir'ubwite benshi mu mutungo we, umuragwa munini n'uwasabye imbaraga.
Mu 44 bc Sezari aricwa. Icyo gihe Octavius yari umunyeshuri muri Apolloniya Illyrian. Amaze kumenya ibyabaye, asubira mu Butaliyani maze ahitamo kwifashisha uburenganzira bwo kuzungura. Usaba imbaraga yari afite imyaka 18, ntabwo yari afite amasano, izina rye n'icyubahiro, mu gihe umuhanga muke mukuru we wari Mariko yemewe. Amaze guha imari n'ububiko bw'uwahoze ari umutegetsi, yasabye cyane Ocyavian kutabara ku ntebe.
Octaviya Augustus ntabwo yerekanye ubwoba kandi ntiyirukanwa. Yitanga n'umuragwa w'uwahoze ari umwami, afata izina rye, yahaye amafaranga abaturage baragaba se bamureraga maze bategura imikino mu rwego rwo kubaha intsinzi ya Kayisari. Umaze kwiyandikisha ku nkunga ya Cicero, wari ushishikajwe no guteza imbere umusore, Occavian yateraniye ingabo atangaza intambara kuri Marca Anthony. Sena yateze amatwi igitekerezo cya Cicero kandi amenya Umusenateri ukiri muto. Anthony yatsinzwe.
Ikibaho n'intambara
Muri 43 BC. Octavian yakiriye umutwe wa konseye. Yungutse imbaraga nkenerwa kandi atangaza abicanyi ba se hanze y'amategeko. Numvikanye na Mark Anthony na Mark Emily Lepidov, imbaraga zagabanijwemo bitatu. Abagabo bahamagaye bafite ubutware bukuru. Octonaian muri Anthony yagiye muri Makedoniya kwihorera kuri BRUUT na cassia, icyaha cyo gucura umugambi no gupfa kwa Kayisari.
Muri 42 bc Ns. Anthony yatangiye gucunga intara y'iburasirazuba, naho Octaviyani yasubiye mu Butaliyani. Umwaka umwe, yinjiye mu ntambara na Perusia, bene wabo b'abahanganye anthony bararakaye. Amakimbirane yubahwa n'ubwiyunge bw'amashyaka kandi arongora Anthony kuri mushiki wa Octaviya. Impagarara zimibanire no guterana amagambo kubibazo byasimbuwe ninama ngufi. Muri 38, intsinzi yarangiye, ariko abitabiriye amahugurwa bakoresheje ibikorwa bye ku yindi myaka 5. Muri kiriya gihe, Octavian Kanama yari afite umwanya w'ubucamanza kandi yari umuyobozi. Yakiriye kandi umutwe w'amakuba.
Mu maboko y'umwami w'abami b'ejo hazaza yibanze ku mbaraga mu burengerazuba no mu burasirazuba bw'igihugu. Ibikorwa bya gisirikare byatsinze muri 35-33. BC. yakomeje umwanya we. Octaviyani yahisemo kurwanya Mark Anthony, icyo gihe yaje hafi ya Cleopatra. Igihe cyagenwe cyimyaka 5 cyashyizweho cyahindutse ku byica byica Anthony. Abataliyani basobanukiwe ko bashinzwe gukurura urukundo, Octoaniana Augustus yarahiye.
Mu 31. G. BC. Byatangajwe intambara na Fleopter. Ingabo z'umwamikazi n'umuntu uhanganye yananiwe. Nyuma yo kwita kuri octaviya muri Alegizandiriya, Anthony na Cleopatra biyahura. Egiputa yari mu bunyage bwa octaviya Augustus. Ibi byagezweho hamwe no kwigarurira Illyry nigikorwa nyuma yumwaka umwe, umwami yizihijwe i Roma.
Kuva ku ya 31, Oktaviya yahoraga yatorewe guhora ari comiade, ariko basaba kugandukira bidatinze hashingiwe ku ndahiro yakiriwe mbere y'abaturage. Umwami w'abami yavuguruye ibisabwa kugira ngo ishyirireho intsinzi, yayoboye abaturage kandi yirukanwa mu mvugo abantu benshi abataramushimisha. Yakoze kandi ibibazo byo gukemura ibibazo mu ntara.
Imyaka 10 Oktaviya yategetse Siriya, Misiri, Espanye na Gallia, kandi bafite uburenganzira bwo gutangaza intambara no kwinjira mu masezerano. Nka komanda wa Oktaviya, Oktaviya yayoboye abalejiyo barindwi. Isura y'umwami yafatiwe mu biceri hamwe na "Umurinzi w'ubwisanzure bw'Abaroma". Mu turere tw'uburengerazuba, umutegetsi yashyizeho isano n'imiryango idahwitse.
Kumyaka myinshi yo gushaka Octaviya Augustitus, kutanyurwa nabarwayi bashobora kuba bamaze inshuro zirenze imwe. Mu 23, ibyago byo gucura umugambi wo kurwanya umutegetsi byaravutse. Yanze imyanya ya konseya kandi ntiyabivuze, keretse inshuro ebyiri. Kuva 22 kugeza 19 mbere Oktavian ntiyari aboneka i Roma, kandi abantu bashyigikiraga kugaruka kwa Konseye. Mu rwego rwo kwirinda kwigomeka, Sena yasabye umugabo wa Leta gutaha. Kanama rero yagize imbaraga z'ububasha, kandi muri 12 yatangazwaga Pontiff.
Octaviya Augustus yakwegereye Sena gucunga igihugu no gushinga icyitegererezo cya republika. Yagerageje kudahindura amategeko, agumana gahunda y'amatora agategeka ingabo. Amazina yayo yose, Octaviyani yavugije cyane imiterere y'abayobozi, umukozi wa Leta mwinshi wa Repubulika.
Nkuko umuyobozi Oktavian yavuganaga gushimangira umupaka wamajyaruguru. Yashyikirijwe akarere na Norik ku nkombe za Danube. Abayobozi b'ingabo za Agrippa na Tiberiyo batsindiye Pannoniya na Mesiya, bafata intara ku bwami bw'Abaroma hamwe na illaria.
Octavian yakoze ingabo zihamye, zabaye inkunga yubwami. Yasize legiyoni 28 nk'ibice bya gisirikare bihoraho, kandi ingabo zisigaye zirashonga. Mugihe cy'ubutegetsi bwa Kanama, nta kibazo cyo gutanga abarase. Bakiriye ubutaka ninyungu nkigihembo kuri serivisi.
Octavian yakoze ikigega cya gisirikare kandi kubera gutangiza imisoro buri gihe byubahirizwa. Umutegetsi wateguye amato 2 ahoraho, kimwe n'ingabo z'abashinzwe umutekano hamwe n'ishami ry'umutekano rishingiye kuri Roma. Imbere i Roma biganiriye ku ba cohort ya gisirikare 3.
Politiki y'imbere ya Octaviya Augustus yatsinzwe neza uburyo bwo kuyobora. Ku mutwe w'intara n'amarenga, umutegetsi yashyize abasenateri we. Ubuzima bw'uturere buto bwageriweho na prefend. Ibikoresho by'ingano, abashinzwe umutekano ba mbere n'abashinzwe kuzimya umuriro bumvira abatwara.
Abakozi bigenga bayoboye imari. Bishora mu bibazo byawe by'Umutegetsi, ndetse no kubazwa ibikoresho no kwishyura igisirikare. Igihe cyisi yo gutegeka cyatumye intara ikungahaye, kandi bazuza cyane ikigega. Imwe mu ivugurura ry'ingenzi ryari riva muri sisitemu y'imisoro. Noneho amafaranga yarakosowe.
Rero, ibyago byo kwera mubashinzwe umutekano byaragabanutse. Augustus na we yagize ingaruka ku kubeshya ubwenegihugu agabanya itangwa ry'umudendezo ku bacakara mu mubare wa fraeds.
Octaviya Augustus yagerageje guhindura urwego rwumuco. Yashyigikiraga insengero zo kugarura insengero, gusenga kw'abatambyi, yagumanye imigenzo y'idini n'imigenzo. Umutegetsi yashishikarije kwiyongera no guteza imbere Ikigo cy'ubukwe, bityo aha imiryango minini.
Ubuhanzi muri iki gihe nabwo bwari ku giciro. Octavian ahitamo ibitabo kandi itezimbere gusoma ibitabo, kuba umurinzi wabanditsi n'abasizi. Vergilius, Horace na Ovid basobanuye mu bikorwa byabo, baherekeza ku kibaho cya Octaviya Augustus. Umwami w'abami yagize ingaruka ku kuvugurura i Roma, ukomoka mu mujyi w'ibumba wahindutse marble. Habayeho ihuriro ryo muri Kanama, insengero ninyubako zabaye inzibutso rwubatswe.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Umwami yabamiye yahinduye ubuzima bwe nk'umunara w'Ubuyobozi bwa Leta. Umuyobozi wa mbere wa Oktaviana yabaye abakozi, umukobwa w'umunyapolitiki. Gushyira Gukorera ISWAVK, ariko gusezerana byarahagaritswe. Augustus yahisemo kwitwarika ku bahanganye na bahanganye Mark Anthony, nuko afata pulkkor ya Klody kumugore we, wari ufite Padder wuncawantu.
Nyuma yimyaka ibiri, ubukwe bwasenyutse kubera impingane hamwe nabavandimwe b'umukobwa. Nk'uko byatangajwe n'amateka y'abanyamateka b'Abaroma, Octavian ntabwo yasangiye uburiri bwihariye bw'umuryango hamwe n'umuryango udasanzwe, bityo akomeza kuba umwere. Umugore ukurikira w'umutegetsi yaje kuba mwene wabo wo mu gitsina gipamba witwa abanditsi. Ubukwe bwabayeho kandi igihe kirekire kandi burangirana no gutandukana kubera gutongana na pompey.
Kwibuka ubwo bumwe ni umukobwa wa Julia, uwo mwashakanye yibarutse umwami. Imyitwarire idafite ishingiro yumukobwa no kubativanga kwa se ni iyo mpamvu yo kumusimbuka i Roma. Hamwe na we, ubwami bwasize nyina. Octaviyani yakiriye umusore we na Lucia, abana ba Yulia, barateganya kubigira abaragwa, ariko abasore bapfuye bakiri bato.
Umugore wa gatatu wa octaviya Augustus, Libiya, yari ubwiza budasanzwe kandi umudamu mwiza. Kubera ko yari azi ku mugambi woroshye w'imyitwarire, yamusabye abakobwa bashimishije, bityo ubumwe n'umutware w'ikidodosi bwabayeho imyaka mirongo. Abana ba Oktaviya ntibagaragaye mugihe kizaza. Umuragwa uko ameze n'ububasha yari Tiberiyo, umwe mu bahungu barezaga, abana b'uwo bashakanye ba gatatu.
Intebe ya Iperial Nyuma y'urupfu rwa Augustus yabonye Tiberiyo. Ishami rusange ntiricibwa, kandi mu ntebe yakurikiyeho y'Abaroma yafashe ubukuru bwa Octaviyani, Caligula. Nyuma ye, uko amategeko akomoka ku mwami w'abami Nero.
Urupfu
Inama ya Octaviya Augustus yari yaratsinze cyane uburyo ubuzima bwe bwite bwari bwo. Uwahoze ari umugore n'umukobwa byatengushye umukobwa we byatewe cyane n'uko umwami w'abami. Yafashe urugendo muri umwe mu ntara muri Mediterane kugira ngo akosore ubuzima kandi akure mubyabaye.
Mu nzira, umwami yararwaye. Ingano yatuwe yabaye urupfu rw'umutegetsi. Muri 14 Kanama. Yapfuye. Nyuma y'urupfu, umurambo w'umwami w'abami wahemukiwe ku nkombe ya Marfield, kandi ur ar yibasiwe muri Mausoleum, mu bisigarira bene wabo b'umutegetsi.
Octaviya Augustus yategetse ingoma imyaka 45. Umuyobozi we yari akurikizwa kugeza igihe cyubuzima bwa nyuma. Imiterere yumutegetsi hamwe n'agaciro k'icyemezo cye muri iki gihe irashobora gucirwa urubanza n'inyandiko z'amateka n'Amateka. Amakuru yerekeye isura yageze kuri abakomoka ku mashusho n'ibishusho byatanzwe na OCAVUS.