Tari
Nikolay Morozobv - mutum ne na tarihi, wanda tarihin rayuwarsa cike yake da hujjoji masu ban sha'awa da abubuwan ban mamaki. Ya sami damar rubuta yawan takardu na kimiyya, za ka zama rabin karni a ƙarshe ko da kun yi imani da labarin gama gari, don zama mafi tsufa sojojin Soviet.Yaro da matasa
NIKOLAI Alexandrovich an haife shi ne ranar 7 ga Yuli, 1854 a cikin gida na lardin Borok Yaroslavl. Mahaifinsa - Peter Shpokhkin - yana da shuka iri-iri kuma yana da babban sa'a. Gaskiya ne, Morozov kansa, har ma a cikin littafin tarihin, labarin rayuwata bai ambaci sunayen iyayen ba.
Mahaifin Juyin Juya Halin nan gaba, Anna Playsina, 'yar Ba'amurke - Bitrus Schpokhokn ya ba da wannan' ya'ya bakwai, amma bai koyi aure ba. Ya kuma sanya ta sunan Morozova, wacce Nikolai Alexandrovich ya sa. Matsakaicin mai ƙyalli da aka karɓa daga Allah, ɗan gida.
Yarencin na yaron ya wuce cikin wadata. Duk da gaskiyar cewa shpochechkin bai koyi matsayin magada ba, da gaske ake magana game da tarbiyyarsu da ilimi. Kohl da wuri ya nuna ikon kimiyya, saboda haka ya ga ɗan masanin kimiya.
Yana da shekaru 14, matashi ya shiga matakin na 2 na motsa jiki - yana da abin da ke musamman na Allah da Latin. Haka kuma, tare da sabon abu, dakin motsa jiki ya kasance daidai, amma saboda rikici ne da malamin tantancewa ya yi kyau, kuma ya kuma yi har ya zama na biyu shekara.
Ilimin gargajiya da sauri ya girgiza Morozv, kuma ya yanke shawarar kafa wani yanki na yau da kullun na ilimin kimiyyar halitta tare da kwararar nasa. Da sauri sami mutane masu kama da hankali - matasa nazarin ayyukan Darwin, suna karanta littattafai na tsinkaye, sakin mujallar.
Da farko, Uba ya ba da ɗa 'yanci irin wannan, amma lokacin da sha'awar da'irar ta zama lalacewa don shafar ci gaban, ya nuna rashin tsaro. Koyaya, wannan bai tsoma baki ba tare da cola da yawa don bincika cikin "rayuwar ɗaliban ƙarƙashin ƙasa." A waɗancan shekarun, ya fara samun masaniya game da wakilan kungiyoyin masu tsattsauran ra'ayi. Kuma a cikin bazara na 1874, na yanke shawarar shiga cikin "tchaikov".
Bayan haka, Nikolai ya jagoranci ayyukan juyin juya hali, kasancewa a matsayin wani bangare na "kasa da kuma nufin", har ma sun halarci shirye-shiryen kisan da Alexander II - saboda wannan, ya kama wannan, ya sake kama wannan a hukuncin kimiyyar kimiyya. A cikin 1882, populists sun yanke hukuncin daurin rai da rai. Ya karɓi cikakkiyar 'yanci kawai a cikin 1913, buga afuwa. Af, kawai a wurare na tsare 'yanci Morikozv ya sami damar canza ra'ayoyin kimiyya cikin ayyuka da yawa.
Rayuwar sirri
Aure na farko da Olga Lyubatovich Nikolay Alexandovich ya kasance ainihin - ma'aurata ba su yi kamar dangantaka ba, amma ta zauna tare na ɗan lokaci. Olga Spouronna, kazalika da mijin farar hula, an yanke masa hukumcin hada-hadar, kasancewa mai fafutuka "kasa kuma zai motsa jiki.A cikin 1880, Lyubatovich da Morozova an haife shi diya. A wancan lokacin, juyin juya halin asalin yana bautar da wani wata hukunci, kuma Olga Spertidinna ya bar budurwa daga abokai don 'yantar da ƙaunataccensa. Amma da aka kama nasa ne kawai - a wannan lokacin, 'yar masanin kimiyya ya mutu sakamakon meningitis.
Babu sauran yara a Nikolay Alexandrovich ba. Kuma rayuwar sirri ta sami yawa daga baya. Tare da matar ta biyu - marubucin marubuci - ya sadu da riga a cikin 1906, a wancan lokacin mutum ya kasance 52nd. Bayan wani lokaci, sun yi aure.
Don Morozov, Mist ya zama duka biyu mai kula da mala'ika da Musa. Wannan matar ta goyi bayan shi yayin nassoshi. Kuma bayan 'yanci ya ba da gudummawa ga bincikensa, ya taimaka a cikin littattafai. Af, a cikin 1910, al'umma ta sadaukar da tarin "Star wakokin".
Nikolai Alexandrovich da Kesiea Alekseeevna ya yi rayuwa mai farin ciki, duk da rashin yaran. Matar ta kasance har ya mutu tare da mutuwa ta tsira ta mijinta tsawon shekara 2, aka binne shi da shid.
Kimiyya
Nikolai Alexandrovich ya zama marubucin na mutane da yawa na aiki na trihoomysical da Astrophysical ayyuka, ma ya zama sananne a matsayin chemist. Yana da sha'awar cewa bai karɓi ilimi ba a cikin wannan ilimin, amma godiya ga kyakkyawan aiki da kuma damar iya yin nazarin tushe. Bayan 'yanci, ya koyar a cikin Makarantar fim ta St. Petersburg.
Morozov yana da matakin likita na kimiyya, yayin da ba a kare ta ba. Aikinsa "ozone da peroxide" ya zama cikakken bayani game da ra'ayoyin masanin ilimin kimiya a kan tsarin kirkirar ƙwayoyin cuta. Daga karkashin hannun na wakilin, wasu adadin ayyukan da suka shafi daidaitattun abubuwa masu sauki suka fito. Amma babban nasarar, a cewar zamanin, ya fara bincike a fagen dokar abubuwa na abubuwa. Misali, ya sami tsammanin bude gidan Positron da Electron.
Ra'ayoyin tarihi, wanda ya fita cikin manyan rubuce-rubucen uku, "annabawa" "Ru'ya ta wahayi, da kuma" Kristi "cancanci hankali. A karshen haifar da zargi da jayayya a tsakanin jama'ar kimiyya, tunda ya tsara ka'idar gurbata tarihi.
Litattafai
Ayyukan rubutu na Nikolai Alexandrovich sun jawo hankalin kawai ga jama'a ne kawai saboda tarihin rayuwar marubucin tare da karbar kurkuku da juyin mulki. An san cewa frosts sun ƙunshi ƙungiyoyi na jama'a da yawa, ciki har da a cikin al'adar wallafenan wasan na Petrograd.Rubuta waƙoƙin da aka fara fama da fushinsa. Kuma wallafe-wallafe na farko sun ga haske a Ingila da Switzerland. Ana ƙera hankalin masu sauraron ra'ayi ta hanyar aikin zamantakewa, ra'ayoyin masu juyi. A lokaci guda, nau'ikan tarin sun bambanta ne - daga saƙonnin sa na abokantaka da siliki mai ban tsoro ga Monologir na Lyric Monrica da Tunawa.
Yawancin ayyukan Nicholas Alexandrovich sun kasance autoographical, duk da haka, marubucin bai ki amincewa da jigogi na zamantakewa ba, taɓa matakai na abubuwan da ke cikin halitta. Abin da ake kira "waƙar kimiyya" daga ƙarƙashin gashinsa ya yi wani tunani na takamaiman gaskiyar kimiyya.
Amma ga litattafan, matanin rubutu na marubucin suna da matukar amfani. Yana da sha'awar cewa littafin sa "Farkon rayuwar Juyin Halittu" an hana rayuwar juyin juya halin zamani "da sauran rayuwar marubucin. Kuma la'akari da maido da baya ga akidar adawa, mafi yawan bugu an rufe su bayan "ƙasa kuma za ta tsage.
Babban yakin mai kauri
Daya daga cikin misalin da ya fi dacewa da ya cancanci halartar Nikolay Alexandrovich a yakin duniya na biyu. Ana zargin a farkon kwanaki bayan harin fastocin akan USSR, Morozover ya daukaka kara ga rajista soja da ofishin alawarin tare da bukatar aika zuwa gaban. Amma, ba da tsohon zamani na "daukar ma'aikata," "a sa ran," a ce ".
A cewar jita-jita, ga masanin kimiyya ba sa yin dalilin barin manufa - sake sake shi kuma ya sanya sanarwar sojojin da kira. A ƙarshe, da wakilin ya je wajan wayo, cewa yana nuna cewa ƙirƙira sabon salo na telescopic kuma yana son gwada shi cikin yanayin fama.
Morozova ta aika zuwa gaban a matsayin mai sa kai wata daya (wannan bayanin bai sami tabbacin hukuma ba, wanda ya isa ya kashe tare da dozin fasistist.
Mutuwa
Morozov ya yi karatun digiri a duniya a wuri guda, inda aka haife shi. A yanzu, ba a san dalilin mutuwar medicmica ba - duk da haka, kwanakin ƙarshe ba shi da ƙarfi don har ma hawa. Ya mutu akan daren zafi mai zafi a ranar 30 ga Yuli, 1946 - 'yan awanni kafin mutuwar Nikolai Alex Alexandrovich ya gan shi ya motsa shi zuwa taga don ɗaukar wani lokaci a sama. Kuma magana ta ƙarshe ta rashin nufin ya zama "ban kwana, taurari!".Akwai hotuna da yawa na wannan babban mutumin. Amma raye na ayyukansa, wanda a yau suke da ban sha'awa ga al'ummar kimiyya, kuma ga masoya na zamani da waƙoƙi. A cikin girmamawa ga juyin juya halin, isteroid da crater akan wata aka sanya shi. Kuma aka ayyana wurin jana'izar mayaudin mahimmancin yanki.
Littafi daya
- 1906 - "Farkon Hanyar Rayuwa"
- 1907 - "Ru'ya ta Yohanna A cikin tsawa da Bora: Tarihin neman Apocalypse"
- 1909 - "A cikin neman fataran falsafa"
- 1910 - "Star Songs"
- 1910 - "A kan iyakar da ba a sani ba"
- 1914 - "annabawa. Tarihin farfadan littafi mai tsarki, gabatar da rubuce-rubuce da rubutu da halaye "
- 1918 - "labarin rayuwata"
- 192-1932 - "Kristi. Tarihin ɗan adam a cikin ilimin kimiyya "
- 1928 - "Tarihin Nazarin sararin samaniya"
Tunani
- Aikin soja na aikin shlisellburg foda a cikin 1922 aka kira shi a girmamawa ga Morozov.
- Asteroid "Morozvia", aka buɗe a 1934.
- Crater sanyi a bayan wata.
- Sunan Nikolai Morozozoma aka sanya wa tituna a cikin RameSkyok da Vladivostok.
- Jerin "Santa Claus". A cikin rawar da aka yi da tsohuwar Nikolai Morozozov - Aristarkh Libanov.