Tari
Igor Kurchatov shine mafi girman masanin kimiyya da mai kirkira, wanda sunansa a ƙarshen 40s da 50s na karni na ashirin, barazana a garesu da damar mutum. M, da son rai da mara waya, ya ce:"Yi cikin aiki, a rayuwa kawai mafi mahimmanci. In ba haka ba, sakandare, kodayake ba dole ba, cika rayuwarku, kuma ba za ku iya zuwa babban abin ba, kuma ba za ku iya zuwa babban abin ba. "Yaro da matasa
Nabalan mahimmin bam na Soviet na farko da aka haife shi a cikin Simsky shuka a 1903. Bayan 1928, an sake sunan siminti na SIM. A yau birni ne a cikin ASHINSKSKY Gidimar yankin na ChelyabinKin, inda kimanin mutane dubu 13 ke zaune. Mahaifin wani mutum ne mai girmama na garin, mai binciken kasar mai bincike, kuma mahaifiyar ta koyar da aure a cikin makarantar a cikin garin Zlatusst. 'Ya'yan guda biyu da aka haife su a aure: Igor da Boris, wanda kuma ya zama masanin kimiyya.
Tarihin rayuwar farko na rayuwa da samartarwa na samar da cibiyoyin ilimi ne wanda ke maye gurbin junanmu akai-akai. Da farko, har sau uku gwarzo na aikin tauraron dan adam ya nuna ta hanyar kwarewar gurguzu, amma bayan masanin son kai tsaye "sun ci ta daban.
IGor ya sauke karatu daga azuzuwan 8 a cikin Gidan Tangonasium, inda dangin suka koma 1912. A cikin layi daya, na koyi a cikin locksmith a cikin sana'ar makarantar, yi aiki a masana'antar. A horo, an yiwa saurayin, mai fasaha da kuma iya iya zama.
Manyan ilimin ya fara samu a shekarar 1920 a Jami'ar Tauride (yanzu Jami'ar Tavric ta nada ta bayan V. I. Vernadsky), wanda ya bude shekaru 2 da ya bude shekara 2 da ya bude. Ya ci gaba a Petrograd Polytech (yanzu St. Petersburg Jami'ar Peter Eterete mai girma).
Wani lokaci da aka kashe a matsayin Mataimakin Ma'aikatar ilimin Phystemics na Cibiyar Polytechan Cibiyar Polytechan a Baku (Jami'ar Jihar Azerbaijan na mai da masana'antu). A cikin 1925, wani saurayi mai kwararru ya dawo Lenerad, ya zama babban jami'in fasaha na Cibiyar Masana'anci (Yanzu Cibiyar Fasaha ta Ciki ta da-gari bayan A. Ioffe Ras).
Kimiyya
A cikin "gonar na yara na Paparoma IOffe" (don haka an kira zamani da ake kira LFTI) 'yancin ma'aikata ba a iyakance ba. Abram Iftfe ya yi maraba da kishin kuma tunani mai zurfi a cikin matasa masu binciken matasa. Mahaifin mahaifin Tsar-Bam mai zuwa na gaba na "shekaru 5 bayan isowar a Cibiyar ta karbi matsayin Zavedadel. Da farko, ya yi nazarin kayan mata, ferroelecricial, kuma 1932 ya zama majagaba a tsakanin masana kimiyyar dabbobi nucleus.
Har zuwa farkon yakin, da wakilin wakili ya kirkiro wannan hanyar, fadada ilimin a cikin har sai da ba a sani ba.
A cikin harkar yaƙi, ya shiga cikin fasahohin jiragen ruwa don kare rundunar bama-bamai na Jamusanci. Hanyar da aka bayar ta jigilar kaya 100%, kuma mai tsaron ragar kungiyar kwallon kafa ta karo na biyu da aka sanya yakin duniya na biyu. Tun daga 1942, masanin masanin ya jagoranci aikin Atomic aikin Soviet.
Bayan kammala karatu daga tambaya na duniya na biyu game da yiwuwar makaman nukiliya da na gaba na Amurka kan makamai na atomic, suna tsaye m. A ranar 29 ga watan 29 ga watan Agusta, 1949, an gudanar da gwajin bam na Soviet na farko na Soviet na Soviet na farko a Polygon a yankin Semipalatinsk. Dangane da tunanin da aka yiwa ido, wanda yake a lokacin aukuwa na doka Latrence Beriya da ta sumbaci Genius.
Ba da da ewa, kamar dai a cikin goyon bayan bayar da gudummawar bayar da gudummawar da USSR, mai binciken ya ba da kyauta, taken daraja, mota da kuɗi. A cikin 1953, a ƙarƙashin shugabancinsa, an ƙaddamar da bam ɗin na farko. Teamungiyar likitocin kuma sun kirkiro sanannen "tsar-bam".
Sojojin ruri da Echo yaƙe-yaƙe tare da shi a rayuwarsa. Wataƙila, saboda haka, jarumi ne na son kai ya kuma ce atom na iya kuma ya kamata su bauta wa mutane don dalilai na lumana. A shekara ta 1958, ya yi magana a wurin taron Rana na Assr:
"Masana kimiyya suna da matukar farin ciki da gaskiyar cewa har yanzu babu wata yarjejeniya ta duniya game da haramcin haramtaccen tsarin atomic da makaman hydrogen. Mun yi kira ga masana kimiyya na duniya tare da kira don kunna makamashin hydrogen na makamin nukiliyar da makami, makamashi mai ban sha'awa, dauke da kyautatawar dukkan mutane a duniya. "Lokacin da Kurchatov ya ƙaddamar da shuka na nuchetov na farko na shuka - Obnskaya.
Rayuwar sirri
Acreicalican na wakili ne mai alhakin, mai gaskiya da mai kirki da kyakkyawan hali. Ya kasance cikin sadaka, an gina haɗi mai dangantakar abokantaka, mai ƙarfi, ya taimaka wa abokan aikin sa, sau da yawa suna amfani da ikonsa da tasiri.A kusan dukkanin hotuna, an kama shi da gemu na ido, wanda ƙarshe ya zama kashi na "asalin kamfanoni". A cewarta, comerades na iya tsammani yanayin masanin kimiyya. Idan bugun gemu - komai yana cikin tsari, kuma idan an bi shi, akwai wasu nau'ikan snag.
A cikin matasa, shekaru 2 bayan sun dawo Lengrad, Kurchatov ya taka a bikin aure. Marina Surna Zeclikova matar da ta yi wa abokin aikinsa da abokin aiki Kirell. Ma'auratan sun rayu tare tare shekaru 33 bayan mutuwar mai kirkirar a shekarar 1960. Ba su da yara.
Mutuwa
A cikin rayuwa, masanin kimiyya ya yi babban binciken da aka samu, sanya gwaje-gwaje masu rikitarwa, aikin da ya kasance tare da manyan kaya da damuwa. A cikin 1955 ya tsira daga bugun jini. An dawo da lafiya a hankali, amma lokaci ba tare da aikin da aka yi da aiki a kan yanayi da kuma jihar Acollican. A shekara ta 1960, sai ya tafi ziyartar bikin Yulia Khataye, yana hutawa a Barvikha.
Abokai sun zagayo a kusa da hunturu, tayi magana, zauna don shakatawa a benci. Nan da nan, dogon lokaci duhun sama a cikin tattaunawar. Hariton ya kalli juna kuma ya ga cewa ya mutu. Sanadin mutuwa shi ne Thomomboembolia. Jikin na wakili'an da aka Kremta, kuma an sanya turɓayar a cikin urn a cikin Kremlin Wall a kan murabba'in Moscow.
Tunani
A cikin 20220th, an fito da bam "jerin" a kan allo, suna gaya game da ƙirƙirar makamai Soviet na Atomic makamai. A cikin hanyar Igor Kurchatov, dan wasan Mikhail hmurov ya bayyana. Evgeny Tkacuk, Alexander Lykov, Victor Dobronravov da sauran masu fasahar an kuma yi fim a wannan hoton.Fim din yana haskaka lokacin na biyu rabin shekarun 1940s, wanda ya fara da hare-hare na nukiliya da Nagasaki da kuma karewa da bam na farko na bam na Soviet a watan Agusta 1949.
Gano
- 1937 - farkon cycltron a Turai
- 1946 - Atomic na farko a Turai
- 1949 - Bom na Soviet na Sosoet
- 1953 - Bam na farko na bam na duniya
- 1954-1961 - Mafi kyawun na'urar fashewar "Tom bam" (An kafa ƙaddamarwa bayan mutuwar Aclisican)
- 1954 - tsire-tsire na farko na Power na Duniya
- 1958 - farkon atomic reactic don submarines da katako