Despite the scientific and technical progress of all sorts of mysteries that nature is able to surprise, less does not become less. And in the list of amazing imagination, the secrets not the last line occupies a human body. The theme of the material is the strangest diseases, talk about the peculiarities of unusual and rare diseases and on continuing to put physicians in a dead-end diagnosis.
Probley
A man throughout life continues to grow and change - the newborn after decades will become the rooted sidins of the old man, unless, of course, the sudden tragedy does not happen. But it happens so that people can make a much earlier deadline. We are talking about a disease called "Proteria", which leads to premature aging of the body with concomitant changes in the appearance of the skin and internal organs.To the emergence of a propulsion, first described in the late XIX century, leads defects in the DNA structure, as a result of which the body begins to rapidly wear out. Although, as an example of patients with this diagnosis, children are more often given by children who, due to violations in the genes at a young age, are more like a little old old man and rarely live longer than 13 years, the disease is able to manifest themselves in mature years.
Therefore, scientists allocate 2 varieties of progress: Hatchinson-Gilford syndrome - in children and Werner syndrome - in adults. In the first embodiment, the disease is not inherited, but arises as a result of random mutations in the formation of an embryo or during the ripening of genital cells. In the second embodiment, the inheritance is autosomal-recessive. That is, in order for Werner's syndrome to show itself, the presence of a damaged gene from both parents is required.
Fibrodisplazia
The skin is capable of becoming a flabby and cry ahead of time as in patients with a wheelchair. And it happens that the muscles, tendons and ligaments hardened to the state of the bone, as occurring in people with a diagnosis of "Fibrodisplasia". In this case, a rare disease caused by serious genetic disorders, there is a gradual ossification of soft connective tissues. As a rule, the disease, the cases for the first time registered at the turn of the XVII-XVIII centuries, is found in children with a mutated genome at the age of 9-10 years, after which it continues to progress.
Fibrodisplasis is sporadic - manifests itself in isolated cases. Although precedents were recorded, in which several generations were defeated. Based on these facts, scientists concluded that the disease is able to inherited by an autosomal dominant principle, transmitting parents from having appropriate mutages to children.
The fibrodisplasis is a precisitating progressive (FOP) differ in continuous progression and leads to a violation of the mobility of the skeleton and early death subsequently - most of the patients dies in the young and young age.
Encephalitis economy
In 1917, a neurologist from Austria, Konstantin von Economo, first described the disease hitting the intermediate and middle brain departments, which leads patients into a static state, when a person, outwardly looking sleeping, remains conscious and is aware of what is happening. At the same time, the whole body covers paralysis, which is why the sick ceases to respond to external stimuli. The ailment was called in honor of its discoverer - Epidemic Economic Economic Economic Encephalitis. Also, he was often referred to as a "sleepy disease" (not to be confused with the African tribanosomozooma, the carrier of which is Muha Tsets).
It is noteworthy that the doctors determine the cause of econayo encephalitis so could not. Some considered the unknown virus, others - an unusual immune response of the body, leading to the destruction of the brain. It revealed that infection occurs when contacting the patient or air-droplet. If during the acute phase of illness, just characterized by the state of sleep, a person will not die, then after a while will recover.
Special treatment has not yet been developed. True, the remaining life of the surrender will suffer from the manifestations of postientephalitic parkinsonism, which is treated similarly to Parkinson's disease. Add an alaunch of the list "The Worded Diseases" stands and because after the epidemic, rushing in 1915-1926 in the world, such a massive infection of Econoomo Encephalitis is no longer fixed.
Keroderma
Most of the inhabitants of the planet are accustomed to the fact that long-term finding in the Sun can lead in the worst case to the fact that "the skin will tears." At the same time, forgetting that ultraviolet radiation can also lead to the emergence of malignant cancers. And then how many people can be without harm to health under the rays of the daylight, determined by the peculiarities of its body. But you have a rare disease called "Keroderma Pigment" due to increased sensitivity to ultraviolet radiation the opportunity to be without protection under the sun is absent at all.The disorder is hereditary and for the first time manifests itself in children aged 2-3 years. The result becomes the appearance under the influence of UV rays of irritation of the skin, burns and inflammation capable of leading to the occurrence of cancer defeats. The cause of the disease - in the repaired DNA of the proteins of the reduced activity of enzymes, leveling the negative impact of ultraviolet on the cells of the skin. Also in patients because of sunlight suffer and eyes suffer.
Hypertrichosis
When the haul-free representatives of the human view, the hair grows into the groin or in the armpits is the norm. When a man's face decorates a beard, a mustache or all together, this is also not a deviation at all. But if excess hair growth, and not yet corresponding to the floor and age, is observed in the parts of the body, for which it is unusual (for example, on face, back, etc.), then it is already about the disease called "Hyperitrihoz" .
Hypertrichosis is divided into congenital and acquired. In the first case, the cause becomes the inheritance of defective genes from the parent individual - due to the peculiarities of the transfer, this type is more often manifested in boys. When it comes to acquired pathology, it also occurs in girls in most cases, and the boys due to the violation of the work glands of the internal secretion, mainly sex. However, other diseases, such as spinal dystrophy or nerve anorexia, as well as head injuries, hunger or innate deformities are able to become the reasons for the emergence of acquired hyperitrichoz.
Trimetylaminoria
An unpleasant smell coming from the body after significant physical exertion, no one surprise. Yes, and "treated" such a trouble with the simplest way - it is only required to take a bath or wash under the shower. But such options for getting rid of peculiar "ambre" are not suitable for patients with a diagnosis of trimethylaminuria, also known as the "fish smell syndrome". This name is not profitable - the characteristic "river spirit" comes from the illness, sometimes with additional "notes" rot.The ailments arises due to violations of the liver, as a result of which the enzyme ceases to be produced, splitting the trimethylamine n-oxide, which serves as a bad smell, ceases to be produced. Disorder more often arises due to defects at the gene level. However, sometimes the lack of an enzyme causes the impact of destructive antidepressants, some drugs against cancer, as well as nicotine.
Cold allergy
Similarly, people with the Keroderm, who has already been discussed above in the selection of "the strangest diseases of the world", the skin is not able to carry the falling of ultraviolet and in suffering from cold allergies (cold urticaries), as clearly out of the name, skin cover does not tolerate the impact of low temperatures. The reaction to the cold appears due to the sudden emission of histamine rashes in the form of red spots with concomitant burning and itching. The swelling of the "frozen" limbs is often fixed.
As a rule, a rash is caused by an allergic reaction on the skin after the cessation of low-temperature exposure is no longer a dozen-other minutes. However, cases are recorded when irritation passes only after 5-7 days and is accompanied by the occurrence of blisters or peeling. Also, the disease is able to cause asthma. And excessively acute reactions in parallel with skin rashes provoke swelling of internal organs, which makes it difficult to breathe.
The cold urticaria is inherited by an autosomal dominant principle and is associated with genital mutations - such a kind of illness is called "family". Disorders in the Mastocyte membranes (white blood cells), which are acquired and caused by the impact of physical factors. Symptoms can manifest themselves at any age, but most often suffer from women's death over 30.