I-Biograge
I-Psychoanalystst karen Horney yenziwa ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20. Kubhekwa njengesisekelo se-feminist psychology - indlela esencane engakaze yakhelwe kuze kube manje. Ingxenye enkulu yomsebenzi inikelwe ekuziphatheni nasekuzimiseleni kwabesifazane, isikhundla sabo emphakathini. Umphikisi omkhulu uphonli ubizwa ngeSigmund Freud, yize ekuqaleni kwe-biography, wasekela eminye imibono yesazi sezengqondo.Ubuntwana nentsha
U-Old Karen Danielsen wazalwa ngoSepthemba 16, 1885 eBlatenise - idolobha elisesifundazweni saseScleswig-Holstein owayenguPrussia owayenguPrussia. Manje yindawo yaseHamburg, elinye lamazwe amakhulu eJalimane.
Ubuntwana be-psychoanalyst ngeke babizwa ngokuthi bajabule, naphezu kokuphepha kwabazali.
Ubaba Berndt Wakels Danielsen, waseNorway ngemvelaphi nangesiJalimane yisakhamuzi, wanaka konke ukunakwa amadodana. Futhi kusukela endodakazini okuwukuphela kwazama ukukhokha - ukuba yinduna yomkhumbi, waletha ama-dick aphesheya kohambo. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, uKaren wazizwa ephukile futhi efuna uthando oluvela kumama.
UClotilda (eVan Ronzelen enkulu), uNarnzal waseHolland, imizwa emnene yendodakazi yakhe ayizange ihlanganyele. Kwakuvame ukuthukuthela, kucasule futhi kwamcindezela.
Ngo-9, uKaren wabona ukuthi wayenethemba kuphela elalizozithanda, ukukhuthaza nokufundisa.
Ngokuphikisana nezifiso zabazali, ngo-1906, i-psychoanalyst yangena e-University of Freiburg - enye yezikhungo zemfundo zokuqala eJalimane, lapho abesifazane bengathola khona imfundo yezokwelapha. Ngo-1908, wathuthela eGottingen University, wathola izinga lezokwelapha ngo-1913 eBerlin University.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Enyakeni kaKaren Danielsen akatholi nje kuphela uhlobo lomsebenzi, kodwa futhi nomyeni wakhe u-Oscar Horney. Wayenesifiso se-psychoanalysis. Lo mbhangqwana washada ngo-1909. Kamuva, owesilisa washiya umuthi futhi wagxila embonini. Lowo oshade naye wamnika izingane ezintathu, kubandakanya neBridget Horyey - umlingisi odumile.
Ngo-1923, u-Oscar Horney wahlukana, ngasikhathi sinye wathuthukisa i-meningitis. Ngokuphikisana nesizinda sokugula nokukhohlisa, wathukuthela futhi wacasuka. Izingxabano zaphakade zaholela eqinisweni lokuthi ngonyaka we-1926 kaReney, esethathe izingane, washiya umyeni wakhe. Ngokusemthethweni, impilo yabo yomuntu siqu yaphela ngo-1937.
Ngawo-1930s, uKaren wayenendaba ne-Erich Frome - umlobi, udokotela wezengqondo, isazi sezenhlalo. Waphuma ngeshwa ngenxa yokungazinzi kwengqondo kwabo bobabili abalingani.
Umsebenzi wesayensi
UKaren Horney uzimisele njengososayensi onesiphiwo sokuthi ngo-1920 waba ngomunye wabasunguli beBerlin Psychoanalytic Institute. Lo mcimbi waba okungenangqondo, ngoba iminyaka engama-20 ngaphambi kokuba abesifazane bebengavunyelwe ngisho nokufunda eyunivesithi. Ngasikhathi sinye nemfundiso nokwenza, uKaren kwadingeka ukuba azibandakanye ekuziphendukeni, alwe nezinkinga zawo futhi azigcine ngaphandle kokuzibulala.
I-Berlin Psychoanalytic Institute yathola imibono kaSigmund Freud. UHerney wanamathela endaweni ehlukile yokubukwa: Uthe iFreudism kanye nobulili bayafana.
Ngokungafani noFreud, owayekholelwa ukuthi ubuntu bunquma ubulili bayo nokuthambekela kokuhlaselwa, uKaren wabeka okushiwo isimo lapho umuntu akhuliswa khona. Ngasikhathi sinye, i-psychoanalyst yavumelana neminye imibono yabaphikisi, ngokwesibonelo, ngombono womona we-penis.
USigmund Freud uthe abesifazane bathola ukunganeliseki nge-genitalia yabo nangokwemfihlo bafisa ukuba ne-penis. UKaren Horney wayekholelwa ukuthi umhawu onjalo ungavela ngempela kubantu besifazane be-neurotic. Futhi, amadoda athile abhekene nomona esibelethweni - emandleni abesifazane ukuthi abelethe izingane, aqonde ukuba ngumama ngomqondo ophelele weZwi.
By endleleni, kungukukhulelwa uKaren futhi wakhe ngokwengqondo kowesifazane. Ngokusho kwakhe, abamele ubulili obuhle bocansi, ukukhiqiza izingane.
Ukushayisana kwezithakazelo noFreud kanye nokusakazeka kwamaNazi eJalimane ngo-1932 kwaholela ekutheni i-Psychoanalyst nezingane zathuthela e-United States.
KwakuseMelika ukuthi kwazalwa imibono ebaluleke kakhulu kaKaren Horney. Ngakho-ke, ngo-1937 wanyathelisa incwadi ethi "Ubunikazi besikhathi se-Neurotic Wesikhathi sethu". Kulomsebenzi, lona wesifazane uchaze ukuthi ungubani - umuntu ohlupheka nge-neurosis, uchaze izingxabano zakhe zangaphakathi futhi watshela ukuthi ngosizo lokuzihlaziya ukubhekana nolaka lokubhekana nolaka, ukungeneliseki, ukwesaba nokungaqiniseki. Iminyaka iba nokuba nzima, ngakho-ke incwadi yajabulisa ukuthandwa kweRabid nangaphandle komphakathi wesayensi.
Enye igalelo elibalulekile kwezengqondo, eliphelele nguHonkey, ukuthuthukiswa kwencwadi ye-Neuros. Ngokungafani nozakwabo, wayekholelwa ukuthi bekungumbuso waphakade, hhayi ukusabela emicimbini engemihle: Ukulahleka kothandekayo, uKaren, njll. Ukukhumbula okuhlangenwe nakho kwakhe, uKaren wathi ukhiye wokuqonda ama-neuros ukubheka ebuntwaneni .
I-Psychoanalystst ibikholelwa ukuthi owesilisa we-neurotic wenza umuzwa wokuthi "ukukhathazeka" kwendabuko, okungukuthi, ukukhula ebuntwaneni. Empeleni, wabeka izinhlobo ezimbili zokukhathazeka. Owokuqala ukukhathazeka (okuyisisekelo) ukukhathazeka: ukwesaba ukungazenzi izidingo zomzimba. Okwesibili yingqondo: Ukwesaba akutholwa okwami. Ngasikhathi sinye, isinxephezelo samaphesenti ayi-100 kanye nama-alamu wezemizwa, kanye nama-alamu wezengqondo aholela ku-narcissism, owesifazane obhekwayo.
Ukushona
Imbangela yokufa kukaKaren Horney yathola ukucaphuna sekwedlule isikhathi. I-Psychoanalyst yahamba ngoDisemba 4, 1952 eneminyaka engama-67.Amacaphuna
- "I-Neurotic iyashintsha ngokuzethemba kwayo phakathi komuzwa wobukhulu nokungabaluleki."
- "Umuntu uthambekele ekuboneni ukuthi uncane kangakanani anikeza omunye, kepha uzotholakala kalula ngaleli fane kumlingani, athi:" Awukaze ungithande "."
- "Lesi yisifundo eside nesinzima kunoma yimuphi umuntu afunde ukuthi abanye abanakuzithatha ukuzethemba noma basinike."
- "Ukube bekungengenxa yangempela, bengizoba nakho konke ngokuhlelekile."
- "I-Neurotiotiotiotiotiotioutive uqobo imi endleleni."
I-Bibliography
- Ngo-1937 - "Ubunikazi besikhathi se-neurotic sesikhathi sethu"
- 1937 - "Psychology Womuntu"
- Ngo-1939 - "Izindlela Ezintsha Zokuthola I-Psychoanalysis"
- 1942 - "Ukuzichaza"
- Ngo-1945 - "Izingxabano Zethu Zangaphakathi"
- Ngo-1946 - "Isidingo se-Neurotic sothando"
- Ngo-1950 - "I-Neurosis kanye nokukhula kobuntu"