I-Biograge
UVasily Degtyarev ungummeleli okhanyayo wezikhali zamaRussia. Ukusungulwa komqambi weTula kwasetshenziswa kabanzi ngesikhathi sempi enkulu yokuthanda izwe. Izingalo ezincane ezakhiwa ngazo zaba yisibonelo ngaleso sikhathi. Ngoba i-merit yanikezwa kaninginingi, kanye nokunikezwa ngezinga lesayensi lezesayensi yezobuchwepheshe.Ubuntwana nentsha
Iminyaka yezingane e-Biography yeqhawe kunzima ukubiza amafu. UVasily Alekseevich wazalwa ngoJanuwari 2, 1880 eTula. Ubaba wayengumenzi wesibhamu osofwini ongenacala, kwakha kwakukhona endlini lapho umndeni wawuphila khona. Kuze kube ngu-1887, umkhulu wakhe uNikolai Mironovich wabandakanyeka efundisa ingane, kwathi ngemuva kokufa kwendoda endala, kwanikezwa i-vasily ePherish.
Lapha, osemusha wahlala iminyaka emithathu kuphela, njengoba abazali bengenamali ukuze bakhokhele ukuqeqeshwa. Ngenxa yesimo sezimali esiyinkimbinkimbi, umndeni kaDegTarev waphoqeleka ukuthi usebenze kusukela eminyakeni eyi-11. Umqambi wesikhathi esizayo wahlelwa esitshalweni sezikhali zeTula, lapho ahamba khona nomfundi wesilawuli kwi-Locksmith-Gunsman.
Lapho le nsizwa ibineminyaka engu-17, uBaba washona, kwathi uVasy kwadingeka aqukethe izihlobo. Ngaphezu komsebenzi oyinhloko wefektri, wathatha ama-oda wangasese. Ukwandisa ukukhiqizwa, isisebenzi selithuthukise i-lathe. Maduze nje umnakekeli womndeni wathunyelwa enkonzweni yamasosha.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Ngisho nangaphambi kwebutho, ubudlelwano bezothando ne-Gana Vladimirova ubhekane noMkhiqizi. Ngemuva kokukhonza, wenza isigwebo saba nesigwebo salo nenhliziyo yakhe. Umshado wenzeka ngo-1905. Impilo yomuntu siqu nomkakhe bayenzelwe umklami ngenjabulo futhi ngokuvumelanayo. Izingane eziyisishiyagalolunye zazalwa emshadweni. Omunye wamadodana, uVladimir, kamuva wangena ezinyathelweni zikayise, wasebenza njengonjiniyela wezikhali.Inkambo
Enkonzweni kaVasily, bekusatshalaliswa engxenyeni yesibhamu etholakala e-Oranienbaum. Ngesikhathi sezimfundiso, umakhenikha wezezikhali wendawo wehlulekile ukulungisa isibhamu somshini, wehluleka. UDegtyarev wavolontiya ukuvolontiya ukuxazulula inkinga futhi wabhekana naye ngempumelelo naye. Ngenxa yalokhu, i-Lockstar young young idluliselwe kwi-Weapon Workshop Emhlanganweni Wezikhali Esikoleni Sabaphathi besibhamu.
Umgomo wokusebenza kwemishini esetshenzisiwe kwakuvele kunesibonakaliso somklamo: efektri eTula, le nsizwa yasebenza emishini efanayo. Lokhu kwavumela le nsizwa ukuba inikele njengomkhiqizo owenziwe owenziwa yinkosi onolwazi. UVasily wafunda ngokushesha, futhi ngokushesha iqembu elinethalente lithembela ukuhlukaniswa okuyinkimbinkimbi kwezibhamu zomshini.
Kamuva, uDegtyarev wathunywa ukuba akhe imiyalo yokuqala yokufaka izibhamu. Ngokusekelwe kulawa maqembu, wabe esesungula isikole sokuqala sesibhamu soMbuso WaseRussia. Ngo-1905, ekupheleni kwempi yaseRussia - yaseJapan, e-Oranienbaum, esimenyelwe inzuzo, abaklami abavela emazweni ahlukahlukene banamasampula emisebenzi yabo. UVasily waba nethuba lokujwayelana nomkhuba womhlaba wokuhlela izingalo ezincane.
Ngo-1905, lapho impilo yenkonzo iphela, uTuyak wahlala esebenza njengomhlangano wokusebenzela ngesimo sethrekhi yokukhiya ebengiveziwe. Ngemuva konyaka, ngaphansi kobuholi beVladimir Grigorievichch Fedorovov yaqala ukusebenza ekwakhiweni kwezikhali ezenzakalelayo ezisuselwa kusibhamu saseMosina. Le nsizwa yangena kulo msebenzi, yathuthuka amasampula ambalwa.
Kodwa-ke, isikhathi sikhombisile ukuthi umqondo wokucubungula ungavikeli, ngakho-ke i-Fedorov yanquma ukuyishiya futhi izame ukudala imodeli yayo nge-apperiber yango-7.62 mm. Umfundi weMasters naye wasiza ekuhlolweni, kepha isibhamu asidlulisi izivivinyo, sicwengekile. Abaklami baqhubeka nokusebenza, kwathi ngo-1912 isikhali esethulwe samukelwa yiKhomishini ephumelele.
Ngisho nangemva kwalokho, onjiniyela abayekanga ukuthuthukisa izici zemodeli, kepha impi yezwe yokuqala yanciphisa ukuhamba komsebenzi. Ekuqaleni kuka-1918, uVladimir Fedorov wathunyelwa esigabeni sesibhamu seKovrov ukuhola ukukhiqizwa kwe-Automata. Kanye naye, uVasily Alekseevich waya endaweni entsha. Esikhathini esizayo ngo-1921 kuya ku-1925, uTulayike wahlanganyela ehhovisi Design of ukuthuthukiswa kwamamodeli wezibhamu zomshini wezandla.
Futhi esikalini soMklami kwakuwukudalwa kwezikhali zokuhlomisa amathangi nendiza. Ukusungulwa kukaDegtyarev kwahlanganiswa nge-automaton yothisha ukwenza lula ukukhiqizwa kwabantu abaningi. Ngo-1923, uTuyak waqala ukudala isibhamu esisha somshini we-Machine, okwase kudlule iminyaka eminingana uPolygon uvivinya. Emodeni ye-1927th, igama le-DP (degtyarev infantry) lavunywa ukukhishwa kwefekthri.
Kamuva ngasikhathi sakhe, kwavela isampula yendiza futhi ithangi dt. Ngo-1931, uVasily Aleksevich wethule umsebenzi omusha - DC (degyareva Larovnocaliban). Lesi sikhali sadlula ngaleso sikhathi ekusebenzeni, nge-Armrancy, futhi saba lula ngokwesisindo. Kamuva, lo mklamo waphothulwa nguNjiniyela uGeorgy Semenovich shpagin, futhi i-DCS ngo-1939 yaqala ukukhiqizwa nge-RKKK ehlomile.
Kusukela ngo-1934, kwenziwa isibhamu somshini we-degtyarev (PPD-34), kwathi ngo-1939, kusho umenzi ngokwakhiwa kwesibhamu somshini womshini (DS-39). Ngosuku lwesikhumbuzo se-60, uVasily Aleksevich wathola isihloko seqhawe somsebenzi wezenhlalo, ngaphambi kokuthi ukuphela komnikazi womklomelo kwakunguJoseph Stalin, ohalalisela yena uqobo umklami.
Ngawo lowo nyaka, unjiniyela wesinqumo soMkhandlu weCommunity of People's saba udokotela wezesayensi yezobuchwepheshe, ngaphandle kokuvikela i-thesis, ngokuhlanganiswa kokusungulwa. Ekwindla, i-Master yaholwa yi-Design Bureau ngaphansi kwefektri yaseKovrovsky, kwathi ngoMashi 1941 wanikezwa umklomelo we-Stalin ekwakhiweni kwamamodeli amasha wezingalo ezincane.
Impi Enkulu Yokuthanda Ukuthandaza
Ekuqaleni kwempi enkulu yokuthanda izwe, umklami wathuthukisa isampula yesibhamu sikaDegtyarev kaDegtyarev, lapho ngo-1942 waphinde wathola umklomelo we-stalinist. Futhi, unjiniyela wahlanjululwa yisibhamu somshini we-EC-39, noma kunjalo, ikhomishini yabona ukuphakama kwemodeli ye-SG-43 emelelwa nguPeter Gortunov.Ngo-1944, uVasily Aleksevich wabandakanyeka ekwakheni isampula entsha ye-rap. NgoNovemba walo nyaka, umklami wabela isihloko esikhulu senkonzo yobunjiniyela kanye nezobunjiniyela.
Ukushona
Ngemuva kwempi, impilo iTuyak yathuthumela. Ekuqaleni kuka-1948, inkosi yabekwa esibhedlela iMosco, lapho ashonela khona ngonyaka, ngoJanuwari 16, 1949. Umzimba woMklami wathathwa yisitimela esikhethekile kumakhaphethi, lapho uVasily Alekseevich angcwatshwa ngokuncika. Ithuna loNjiniyela lisemathuneni amasosha kaJohn. Imbangela yokufa yaba yizifo ezihlobene nobudala.
Ukukhumbula
Ngo-1954, kwasungulwa itshe lesikhumbuzo kumqambi wombhali kaMathewu we-misser, futhi endaweni yesitshalo, lapho uDegTarev asebenza khona, kwavela amapulangwe eSikhumbuzo. Igama le-Master lanikezwa isikole samabanga aphakeme ase-Urban, ipaki lesiko nokuzilibazisa nezinye izinto. Ngokwesikhumbuzo se-100 senkonzo yezokuxhumana ye-USSR, imvilophu yeposi enomfanekiso weTula. Isithombe sikaVasily Alekseevich savela ku-movie "Kalashnikov".-Zuzayo
- Ngo-1932 - I-Red Star Order
- 1933 - I-Lenin Order
- 1940 - I-Hero of Socialist Labour
- 1940 - Izikonda "Izintambo Nesando" № 2
- 1940 - I-Lenin Order
- Ngo-1940 - Usosayensi we-DEADISIA ONDODO WEZIMALI ZETHWARA NGAPHANDLE KOKUVIKELA
- Ngo-1941 - Ibhonasi yokuqala kaStalin
- 1942 - Order of the Banner Red Red Banner
- Ngo-1942 - Umklomelo we-Stalinsky degree
- Ngo-1944 - Ukuhleleka kweSuvorov II degree
- Ngo-1944 - I-Lenin Order
- 1945 - Order of Suvorov i degree
- 1946 - Stalin Degree Purez
- Ngo-1949 - Ibhonasi yokuqala kaStalin