I-Biograge
UMichelangelo Buonaroti ungumhloki obonwayo weRenaissance, owaletha umnikelo oyigugu oya engcebweni yesiko lomhlaba.Ubuntwana nentsha
NgoMashi 6, 1475, ingane yesibili yazalelwa emndenini kaBuonaroti Simoni, okwabizwa ngokuthi uMichelangelo. Ubaba womfana kwakunguMeya wedolobha lase-Italy laseKarpeza futhi wayengumngane wakubo bomndeni omuhle. UMgogo nomkhulu noMkhulu omkhulu uMichelangelo babethathwa njengezibunjiweyo, kodwa abazali babehlala kabi. Isimo semeya asizange silethe imali eningi kuYise, kodwa wabheka omunye umsebenzi (ngokomzimba). Emva kwenyanga eyodwa emva kokuzalwa kweNdodana, impilo yenkonzo kaLodovico di Lion Liinardo njengoba imeya yeza iyophela. Umndeni wathuthela estate generic eFlorence.
UFrancesca, umama kamama, wayehlala egula, futhi ekhulelwe, wawela ehhashini, ngakho angikwazanga ukondla ingane ngedwa. Ngenxa yalokhu, uMick omncane wafundiswa yiCormalie, kwathi iminyaka yokuqala yempilo yakhe ibanjelwe emndenini wamaKamenotes. Ingane kusukela ebuntwaneni ebuntwaneni idlalwe ngamatshe amatshe nama-chisels, umlutha wokungajwayelekile. Lapho umfana esekhulile, wayevame ukuthi ithalente lakhe liphoqelekile emshinini kamama kaMoloka.
Umama kamama washona, lapho uMika eneminyaka engu-6 ubudala. Kungithinte kakhulu i-psyche yengane ukuthi ivalwe, ayicasuli futhi ayithandi. Ubaba, ukhathazekile ngesimo somphefumlo weNdodana, umnika eFrancesco Galeota School. Umfundi akakhombisi uhlelo lolimi olimini lolimi, kepha kuvela abangane abafaka uthando lokupenda.
Eminyakeni ye-13, uMichelangelo wamemezela uYise ukuthi akahlose ukuqhubeka nokuthandana nomndeni, futhi azoholwa ngekhono lobuciko. Ngakho-ke, ngonyaka we-1488, osemusha uba ngumfundi wabafowethu baseJarandian, abalethela ubuciko bokwenza ama-frescoes futhi agxilise ukupenda okuyisisekelo.
Emhlanganweni waseGhirlandaio uchithe unyaka, ngemuva kwalokho wafunda imibala ezivandeni zaseMedici, lapho ithalente lale nsizwa lalinesithakazelo kumbusi we-Italy Lorenzo. Manje i-bichelangelo yagcwala kabusha ngokujwayela ama-medics amancane, abese eba ngubaba waseRoma. Ukusebenza ezingadini zeSan Marco, i-sculptor encane yathola imvume esuka eNico Bicchelin (umlando wesonto) esifundweni sezidumbu zomuntu. Kubophele, wanikeza ukubethelwa kobuso bukaKristu esontweni. Ukutadisha amathambo nemisipha yezidumbu, uMichelangelo wahlangana ngokuphelele nesakhiwo somzimba womuntu, kodwa wahlisa impilo yakhe.
E-16, le nsizwa yakha amabandla amabili aqanjiwe okuqala - "Madonna eduze kwezitebhisi" kanye "nempi yama-centaurs". Lezi zinto zokuqala zabi, ezaziphuma ezandleni zaKho, zifakazela ukuthi inkosi encane igcwele isipho esingajwayelekile, futhi ikusasa lakhe eliqhakazile lilindelwe.
Ukudala
Ngemuva kokushona kukaLorenzo, uMedici esihlalweni sobukhosi, indodana yakhe uPierro yakhuphuka, yabhubhisa uhlelo lweRiphabhulikhi kaFlorence ngokubona okufushane kwezepolitiki. Ngasikhathi sinye, amabutho aseFrance ngaphansi kobuholi bakaCharles VIII ahlasela i-Italy. Inguquko iyakhanya ezweni. UFlorence, udluliselwe izimpi ezihlangene engcupheni, akamelane nokuhlaselwa kwezempi futhi anikele. Isimo sezepolitiki nesingaphakathi e-Italy sikhazimula kuze kufike emkhawulweni ongabangele emsebenzini kaMichelangelo. Indoda iya eVenice naseRoma, lapho aqhubeka nokuqeqeshwa futhi afunde khona izifanekiso nezicucu ze-antique.Ngo-1498, iSculptor idale isimo se- "TRFAT" kanye nokwakheka "Pieta", okumlethela udumo emhlabeni. Isibazi, lapho uMaria omncane ebamba khona uJesu ofile, abekwe esontweni laseSt. Peter. Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa kamuva, uMichelangelo wezwa ingxoxo yomunye wabahambi, owathi ukwakheka "uPieta" kwadalwa yiChristoforo Solari. Ngobunye ubusuku, i-master encane yamukela intukuthelo, yangena esontweni nangokubhaliwe kwesivikelo sesifuba sikaMariya. Ukuqopha komuntu siqu: "Michel Anges Bonarotus Florent fabibat - Mikelangelo Buonaroti, Florence.
Kamuva nje, waphenduka ekuhlaseleni kwakhe ukuqhosha futhi wanquma ukungasayini umsebenzi wakhe.
Eminyakeni engu-26, ama-MICK aqala umsebenzi onzima kakhulu - aqopha isithombe sebhlokhi elingamamitha ayi-5 lemabula elonakalisiwe. Omunye wakubo ayephila naye ngaphandle kokudala noma yini ethokozisayo, vele waphonsa itshe. Okuningi akekho kumakhosi akulungele ukucwilisa imabula ekhubazekile. UMichelangelo kuphela owayengesabi ubunzima nangemva kweminyaka emithathu, ngembula umhlaba isifanekiso sikaDavide esikhulu. Lo msebenzi wobuciko uvumelana namanga okumangalisayo amafomu, agcwele amandla namandla angaphakathi. I-Sculptor ikwazile ukuphefumula impilo ibe yingcezu emakhaza yemabula.
Lapho i-Master iqeda umsebenzi esithombeni, ikhomishini yadalwa, enqume ukubekwa kobungcweti. Umhlangano wokuqala kaMichelangelo noLeonardo da Vinci kwenzeka lapha. Lo mhlangano wawungenakwenzeka ukubizwa ubungane, ngoba uLeonardo oneminyaka engu-50 ulahlekelwe kakhulu yi-sculpto yakhe encane futhi walulama uMichelangelo ezikhundleni zezimbali. Ukubona lokhu, i-Piero Soletian esencane ifanelana nomncintiswano phakathi kwabaculi, wabaphathise umdwebo wezindonga zomkhandlu omkhulu ePalazzo Vecchio.
UDa Vinci waqala ukusebenza eFresco endabeni ye- "Empir of Angiari", noMichelangelo bathatha "impi kaKashin" njengesisekelo. Lapho imidwebo emi-2 ivezwa ukubuyekezwa kwawo wonke umuntu, khona-ke akekho noyedwa owabagxeki abanganikezela kunoma ngubani wabo. Womabili amakhadibhodi aqhamuke ngekhono kangangokuba isitsha sobulungiswa silinganise ithalente lamakhosi amabhulashi namapende.
Njengoba uMichelangelo azwa futhi umdwebi ogqamile, wacelwa ukuba adwebe uphahla kwelinye lamasonto amaRoma eVatican. Kulomsebenzi, umdwebi wamukelwa kabili. Kusukela ngo-1508 kuya ku-1512, uphahla lwesonto lupendiwe, indawo eyayinamamitha-skwele angama-600. Amamitha, iziza ezivela eTestamente Elidala kusukela ngesikhathi sokudalwa komhlaba kuya kuZamcolo. Umuntu wokuqala ubonakala ekhalipha lapha - u-Adamu. Kuqala, uMike wahlela ukudonsela abaphostoli abangu-12 kuphela, kepha lo msebenzi waphefumulela inkosi ukuthi wayinikezela ngayo iminyaka emi-4 yokuphila.
Okokuqala, umdwebi wapenda uphahla ndawonye noFenko Granaxi, uGiuliano Bugardini kanye nabasebenzi abaluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kepha lapho-ke intukuthelo edubula intombi yakhe. Izikhathi zokwenza umsebenzi wobuciko odlula konke acashe ngisho nasepakeni likaRoma, owayephuthuma kaningi ukubheka umdwebo. Ekupheleni kuka-1511, uMichelangelo waphefumulelwa kakhulu izicelo zomile ukubona indalo, evule ikhethini lemfihlo. Ubone ukuxhawula umcabango wabantu abaningi. Ngisho uRafael, umxhwele umdwebo walo mdwebo, ngokwengxenye washintsha owakhe isitayela sezincwadi.
Sebenza eSicastine Chapel ukhathele kakhulu ngomunyu omkhulu obhala kudayari yakhe okulandelayo:
"Ngemuva kweminyaka emine ehlushwayo, okwenza izibalo ezingaphezu kuka-400 ngosayizi ogcwele, ngazizwa ngisemdala futhi ngikhathele. Ngangineminyaka engama-37 kuphela, futhi bonke abangane bebengaseyiqaphela indoda endala, engaba yiyo.Ubuye abhale ukuthi amehlo akhe acishe ayeke ukubona kusukela emsebenzini oshubile, futhi impilo yaba mnyama futhi impunga.
Ngo-1535, uMichelangelo uphinde wathathwa umdwebo wezindonga eziseSignine Chapel. Kulokhu wakha iFresco 'yeNkantolo Eyesabekayo', eyadala isivunguvungu sentukuthelo phakathi kwamalungu esonto. Maphakathi nokwakheka, uJesu Kristu, ezungezwe abantu abanqunu. Lezi zibalo zomuntu zibonisa ukuthi yizoni futhi zilungile. Imiphefumulo ye-Orthodox ikhuphukela ezulwini nezingelosi, futhi izoni zibutha uChonon ku-switch yazo futhi ziziqhube zibe esihogweni.
Ukubhikisha kwamakholwa kwangenza kube yisithombe uqobo lwaso, kepha imizimba enqunu okungafanele ibe sendaweni engcwele. Izingcingo zizwakale kaninginingi ngokubhujiswa kweFresco Enkulu Yemvuselelo yase-Italy. Ngenkathi esebenza esithombeni, umculi wawela emahlathini, enze kabi umlenze wakhe. Indoda engokomzwelo yabona uphawu lwaphezulu kulokhu futhi yanquma ukulahla umsebenzi. Wakwazi ukumkholisa umngani omkhulu kuphela, futhi udokotela wesikhashana owasiza isiguli ukuba siphilise.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Amahemuhemu amaningi ahlala ezungeza impilo yomuntu siqu kaSculptor odumile. Unqume ubudlelwano obuhlukahlukene obusondelene nabalingisi babo. Ekusekeleni inguqulo yobungqingili, uMichelangelo usho iqiniso lokuthi akakaze ashade. Naye ngokwakhe wachaza lokhu okulandelayo:
"Ubuciko bunomona futhi budinga wonke umuntu. Nginomngane oshade naye okungokwami okuphelele, futhi izingane zami ziyimisebenzi yami. "Ukuqinisekiswa okuqondile kwezazi-mlando kuthola ubudlelwano bakhe bezothando noMshado we-Vittoria Column. Lo mfazi, wahlukanisa umqondo ovelele, wafanelwe uthando nokusinamathisela okujulile eMichelangelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-marquis pesacara ibhekwa njengowukuphela komuntu wesifazane igama lakhe elixhunywe nomculi omkhulu.
Kuyaziwa ukuthi bahlangane ngo-1536, lapho uMarquis efika eRoma. Eminyakeni embalwa, lona wesifazane waphoqeleka ukuba ashiye idolobha futhi ahambe aye eViterbo. Isizathu saba nguPrikeni lomfowabo ngokumelene noPaul III. Kuleli phuzu kuqhubeke, ukuxhumana kukaMichelangelo neVitaine, eyaba yisikhumbuzo sangempela sesikhathi somlando. Kukholakala ukuthi ubudlelwano bukaMichelangelo noVittoria kwakuwumlingiswa kuphela othandweni lukaPlatoc. Ukuhlala umnikele empini yomyeni wakhe, uMarquis wabhekana nemizwa enobungane kuphela kumdwebi.
Ukushona
UMichelangelo waqeda indlela yakhe yasemhlabeni eRoma 18, 1564. Izinsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokufa, umculi wabhubhisa uhlaka, imidwebo nezinkondlo ezingapheli. Ngemuva kwalokho wangena eSontweni Elincane LaseSanta Maria del Angeli, lapho ayefuna ukuletha isithombe esibaziwe seMadonna ekupheleleni. Umdwebi wawukholelwa ukuthi wonke umsebenzi wakhe wawungafaneleki eNkosini uNkulunkulu. Futhi yena uqobo akafanele ukuhlangana nePharadesi, ngoba akazange ashiye abazukulwana abanjalo, ngaphandle kwezithombe ezibaziweyo ezingenamkhawulo. UMika wayefuna ukuphefumula impilo esithombeni saseMadonna ezinsukwini zokugcina ukuqeda izindaba zasemhlabeni.
Kepha esontweni elivela ekwandiseni ngokweqile, washonelwa ukuqaphela, wavuka ekuseni ngakusasa. Ukufika endlini, le ndoda ingena embhedeni, ibeka intando futhi igxilise umoya.