I-Biograge
Mhlawumbe wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi ngoFebhuwari 14 usuku lukaValentine, kepha bambalwa abantu abawaziyo umlando wokuphila kwalo muntu. Abantu babejwayele ukucabanga ukuthi ungumfakeli wezithandwa. Kepha uma kukhulunywa ngemininingwane yempilo yakhe, imvamisa izinganekwane zithatha amaqiniso. Mhlawumbe idatha ethembekile e-biography igama lakhe kuphela nosuku lokufa.Idatha Yomlando
Eqinisweni, eSontweni LamaKatolika, osanta ababili negama elithi Valentin ngasikhathi sinye, futhi namuhla akunakwenzeka ukuthola ukuthi bangabantu abahlukile yini, noma sikhuluma ngomuntu oyedwa.
UValentin Rimsky wayehlala ngekhulu lesithathu lenkathi yethu, wasebenza njengompristi eRoma. Ngokusobala, usuku lokuzalwa kwakhe lungu-176. Umuntu wayenesipho sokuphulukisa. Waphila ngesikhathi sokubusa kwe-Crule Empepor Claudia II. Ngaleso sikhathi, wahola izimpi ezinegazi, ngakho wakwenqabela amadoda ukuba angene emishadweni, ngoba wayekholelwa ukuthi abesifazane baphazamisa amasosha avela kwesokudla.
Kodwa-ke, naphezu kokuvinjelwa, uValentine waqhubeka nokwenza amasiko womshado ngasese. Kuliqiniso, umbusi ngokwakhe wezwakala ngakho maduze. Wayala ukubambe umpristi aholele kuye. Akukhona kuphela ukuthi umpristi wakuchitha umyalo kaMbusi, ngakho wenqaba nokukhulekelwa onkulunkulu babahedeni. Ngaphambi kokuba kufe uValentin waphulukisa intombazane eyimpumputhe yesikhulu se-Imperial, okwathi lapho ayekholelwa kuKristu. UClaudius wabahlukumeza bobabili, nangemva kokubulawa. UValentina Rimsky unqume ikhanda ngoFebhuwari 14, 270 iminyaka.
Enye engcwele kwakunguValentin InterAMSKY. Wayengumbhishobhi, washumayela ubuKristu, waphulukisa abantu. Ngo-270 wamcela ukuba eze eRomafilosofi Kraton. Le ndoda yayinzima endodaneni - wayenokuvuka komgogodla, akazange aphume embhedeni. UValentina wakwazi ukukhulisa umfana ezinyaweni zakhe, kwakuyisimangaliso sangempela.
Isazi sefilosofi sabonga kakhulu umbhishobhi kangangokuba yena nabafundi bakhe bamukela ubuKristu. Wakwenza kwathi nendodana ye-gradar. I-garde yathatha ukuboshwa kukaValentine yafaka ejele. NjengoValentin Roman, ejele waphulukisa indodakazi kajele ngenxa yobumpumputhe. Babulala owesilisa ngoFebhuwari 14, 273.
Abalandeli bajeziswa, u-Efeb no-Apolloniy baletha ngasese izidumbu zakhe eTerni (igama lesimanje ledolobha lase-Intermanna) lokungcwaba uValentine. Kulokhu, baphinde bahlushwa ukholo. Kamuva njengomfel 'ukholo ongumKristu owahlupheka ngenxa yokholo, iSonto lamaKatolika lalinolwazi lwe-valentina, i-valentina interamnsky.
Lezi zimpilo ezimbili zinesisekelo esisodwa, abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi lo ngumuntu ofanayo. Ukuhlonipha kwabo bobabili abangcwele kusatshalaliswe eRoma esesimweni sekhulu le-IV. Ngakho-ke, ngokwesibonelo, ngalesi sikhathi kwakhiwa ama-basilica amabili: Oyedwa owakhiwe lapho, ngokwezinganekwane, uValentine Romanin wangcwatshwa, omunye uValentina uhlangana ngokuhlangana.
NgeNkathi Ephakathi eYurophu, isithonjana sikaValentine sathandazela ukuphulukiswa kwePardoch yalesi sifo (isithuthwane).
Mayelana nalokhu kudideka emagama nasebuntwini ngo-1969, iSonto lamaKhatholika likhishwe ngokuphelele i-Valentine kusuka kukhalenda laseRoma - uhlu lwalabo basanta igama lakhe oludingekayo ukuze bahlonishwe ku-Liturgy. Kuliqiniso, ushiye ithuba lokuthatha isinqumo ngokusho kwakhe ezingeni lamasonto endawo.
Esontweni lama-Orthodox laseRussia, uValentina interamnsky ukhumbula ngo-Agasti 12, kanye nosuku lwenkumbulo kaValentina Roman - Julayi 19.
I-Saint Valentine ngumvikeli wedolobha laseTerni e-Italy. Minyaka yonke, iholide lokuzibandakanya lihlelwe ngalolu suku. Amakhulu omkhwenyana kanye nabashadikazi abavela kulo lonke elase-Italy baya e-basilica ye-valentine ukunikela ngesifungo sothando.
Izinganekwane
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, impilo kaValentine yathola izinganekwane. Namuhla ukuqonda ukuthi iqiniso kuphi, futhi lapho inganekwane selivele lingenakwenzeka. Ngokomunye wabo, indoda yajoyina umkhuzi wamasosha amabutho amaRoma sabino nengcweti yobuKristu. Abathandi babulawa ngokufa, yingakho uValentin enqume ngesinyathelo esiyingozi esinjalo. Yize kunjalo, ngaleso sikhathi nakulobuKristu, nemishado yamasosha yavinjelwa. Edolobheni laseTerni ethempelini kunefasitela lengilazi elinamanzi, elibonisa umshado weSabino nama-semicino.Kepha kungenzeka ukuthi akulutho nje njengenganekwane. Amaqiniso akhombisa ukuthi akunakuba khona imishado eyimfihlo ngaleso sikhathi, ngoba izindondolo zavela kamuva.
Kwelinye inganekwane, uValentine waba nensimu lapho akhule khona ama-roses. Izingane ezivela kuzo zonke izifunda zidlale le nsimu, futhi kusihlwa, lapho ziqoqana ekhaya, le ndoda yanikela ngembali ngayinye njengesipho sikamama. Kepha lapho uValentina efakwa ejele, wadabukisa ngokuthi izingane manje kuzodingeka zidlale.
Lapho nje ebona ukuthi amajuba amabili athunyelwa ngemuva kwejele, futhi wawabona ngokushesha. Lezi kwakuyizinyoni ezazisidlekeni engadini yakhe. UValentine wabopha ukhiye wensimu engadini entanyeni, kanti enye incwadi eyawushiya kuyo umyalezo wabafana:
"Zonke izingane, engizithandayo, kusukela ku-valentine yakho."Kwakuyi-valentine yokuqala.
Ayikho i-leagend engathandwa kangako yokuthi uValentine wangena ejele, indodakazi eyimpumputhe yeWarden yathandana. Futhi njengoba Wayengumpristi, owanikeza isifungo sokungacabangi, akakwazanga ukuphendula imizwa yentombazane. Kepha ngobusuku bangaphambi kwenhlawulo, le ndoda isasenqunywa futhi yambhalela incwadi yothando, ayisonge i-Sprig yeSaffran. Futhi le ntombazane, ifunda umyalezo ngemuva kokubulawa kompristi, kwacaca.
Kepha, futhi, ukungabaza ngokuba neqiniso kwale ndaba kuyanikezwa, ngoba, ukwahlulela iminyaka yakhe yokuphila, indoda ngaleso sikhathi yayineminyaka engama-95 ubudala.
usuku luka-Valentine
Emakhulwini eminyaka we-XVII-XVIII, isiFulentshi, bese kubacwaningi besiNgisi baphakamisa ukuthi kwathulwa usuku lukaValentine ukuze kufakwe umkhosi wamaqaba weLagreekali. Lo mkhosi ukuzala kanye ne-erotiticism wagujwa ngoFebhuwari 15. Wayehlotshaniswa namaRoma ngentokozo nothando lwamahhala. Futhi ngisho nalapho ubuKristu buguqule ubuqaba, leli holide ligujwa isikhathi eside.
Ngokunokwenzeka asungula uPopa we-Valentine Jelacy I. Wenqabela i-turekali, futhi ubuyela kubantu bakomunye - iholide lobuKristu, "balidla ifa" lobudlelwano phakathi kwezitezi. Futhi uValentin waba osanta wabathandi bezithandwa, yize ethanda okokuqala uKristu.
Kepha kukhona omunye umbono kulokhu. Kusolwa ukuthi iholidi wonke umuntu ayazi namhlanje, lasungula imbongi yesiNgisi uJeffrey Choseer. Emsebenzini wePhalamende lezinyoni, kwabhalwa ngo-1375, umlobi wathi ngoFebhuwari 14, izinyoni (nabantu) babehlangana bezothola umbhangqwana.
Ukuthandwa lolu suku kutholwe kuphela ngekhulu le-XIX e-UK. Kwakukhona isiko elinjalo - abantu abasha baphonsa inothi namagama amantombazane e-Urn ekhethekile. Ngemuva kwalokho ngakunye kwasusa eyodwa. Leyo ntombazane eyabhalwa ngeqabunga, yaba yindodana yonyaka olandelayo 'wentokazi yenhliziyo', ilandelwe yiyo.
I-valentine yokuqala yeposi i-valentine yinothi elithi isibusiso se-Orleans sathumela. Ngo-1415, ngesikhathi sempi, kwathathwa indoda futhi yaboshwa embhoshongweni waseLondon. Ukusuka lapho wabhalela umkakhe izinkulungwane zezincwadi zothando, ezazibizwa nge- "Valentina".
Kepha ijele yiyona evamile ukunikeza ama-rose abomvu athandekayo kuLouis XVI, owethula isixha esinjalo sikaMaria-antoinette.
EMelika, usuku lwabathandi lwaqala ukugubha kusukela ngo-1777. Ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-XIX, amaMelika anesiko - ukunikeza izifanekiso ezithandwayo ezivela eMarzipan. Futhi ngaleso sikhathi kwakungukunethezeka okungakaze kubonwe. Ngakho-ke maduze nje amaKommerments athatha "ukukhushulwa" kweholide. Njalo ngonyaka umbono wesipho sezipho, imibala, amakhadi okuposa ngalolu suku ahleliwe, futhi kwabanye sekuyibhizinisi elinenzuzo.
Kuliqiniso, ingxenye enkulu yezinhlangano zenkolo iphathelene nokugubha kabi emgubhweni woSuku lweValentine. E-Orthodox ngoFebhuwari 14, bahlonipha umfelaku oNgcwele ukholo, futhi amaKatolika akhumbula uCyril noMethodius ngalolu suku, ababuyiseli abaphambili bamaSlavs. ERussia, njengenye indlela yosuku lwabathandi ngoJulayi 8, usuku lwenkumbulo kaPhetro noFevroniya lwabakwaRelom, abashisekeli bomshado basungulwa.
Ukukhumbula
- Izingcezu ze-Valentine esontweni lokuzalwa kwentombi yabusisiwe uMariya esifundeni saseLviv
- Izingcweli ze-Valentine eBaselica yeSt. UValentina eTernni.
- Ugebhezi lwe-Valentine eBasilica Santa Maria-In-Sosmin eRoma
- Iwindi lengilazi elinamanzi edolobheni laseTerni "Saint Valentin Marks Saniard naseSabino"
- Iwindi lengilazi elinamanzi ethempelini leNtombi Enyulu uMariya eNgilandi "uSanta Valentin noDorothea oNgcwele"
- Izithombe zeJacopo Bassano "St. U-Valentin Roman ubhapathizo lwaseSt. Lucillo
- Isonto likaValentine eDublin
- Ifilimu Emibhalo "Izimfihlo Zothando", Eqhakabeni leValentine - Vadim Demm
- Ifilimu lobuciko Marius Weisberg "Uthando Edolobheni Elikhulu", Eqhamuka eSt Valentine - UPhilip Kirkorov