I-Biograge
I-Novelist Lee Ingane yaziwa ngemibuthano yezemibhalo ngenxa yochungechunge lwamaphosta alowo owake waba yisikhulu samaphoyisa uJack Richer, obambe iqhaza ngokungahleliwe. Imisebenzi yombhali isisekelo esinezithelo zama-serials namafilimu.Ubuntwana nentsha
Igama lamanje lomlobi nguJames Jim Grant. I-biography yakhe ivela ngo-Okthoba 29, 1954 edolobheni lase-English of Coventry. UJakobe ungowesibili wamadodana amane. Umfowabo omncane u-Andrew Grant ungumbhali, umbhali wamanoveli ngoDavid Trevelyan kanye nomphenyi weCooper Delero.
Lapho ukukopela kuphenduka iminyaka engu-4 ubudala, umndeni wathuthela eBirmingham ukunikeza izingane imfundo engcono. Kufika eminyakeni eyi-11 ubudala, umfana wafunda eCheryry Orchard Elementary School, khona-ke esikoleni seKing Edward.
Ngo-1974, insizwa eneminyaka engu-20 ubudala yangena e-University of Sheffield kwi-Faculty of Law, yize ayihlelelanga ukuhlanganisa impilo nelungelo lokufika esikhathini esizayo. Isikhathi samahhala Lee ingane enikelwe ukungazijwayeze umthetho, kepha sebenza ngemuva kwezigcawu zeshashalazi.
Ngo-1977, lo mfo wathola iziqu ze-bachelor. Iminyaka, ngonyaka ka-2009, ingane uLee ibuyele eyunivesithi ezothola idiploma kadokotela wefilosofi emkhakheni wezincwadi.
Ngaphambi kokuba abe yi-arevelist edumile, ingane esebenza kahle esimweni esiphezulu esitokisini saseBrithani se-TV Granada Television eManchester. Ukukhangisa umuntu kwanikeza iminyaka engu-18 yokuphila, kusukela ngo-1977 kuya ku-1995. Kwakufanele alawule amahora angaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezingama-40 wesikhathi somoya, aqamba amakhulukhulu ezentengiso kanye neziza zezinto zokwakha izindaba.
Lapho ingane, isisebenzi esithembekile se-Granada Television, yaxoshwa ngenxa yokungalandelwanga ngokuzithoba, wanquma ukuba mkhulu njengenhlangano.
Izincwadi
I-pseudonym yombhali ebhaliwe iqukethe izingxenye ezimbili. U-Lee wazalwa ehlaya lapho othile evela kumalungu omndeni ebona umsindo wegama lomkhiqizo we-Renault's Lear njenge "Lee Car", okungukuthi, "Umshini we-Lee". Ngokuqondene nengane (ingane), uGrant uphuphe ukubeka izincwadi zakhe emashalofini umtapo wezincwadi phakathi kwemisebenzi yabashadikazi abakhulu beRaymond Chandler (Chandler) kanye ne-Agatha Christie.
I-Lee ingane ibiza amanoveli "uhlobo olumsulwa kakhulu lokuzijabulisa." Umsebenzi wokudonswa kwemali, inhloso enkulu yayo eyayihlanganisa abantu abaphazamisayo abavela eqinisweni elicindezelayo yi- "Phansi Yokufa" (1997), isithokozelayo sokuqala nge-jack addwal.
Ngokwesakhiwo, owayekade eyisikhulu samaphoyisa ufika eMarrave, eGeorgia, e-Echrion. Ngokuphazima kweso, kuboshwa owesilisa ngezinsolo zokubulala, ezenzeka ngo-Eva wesine. Kuyiqiniso, abenzeli bezomthetho kukhona labo abakholelwa ukuthi uJack akunacala. Ngokubambisana bathola isigebengu sangempela, kepha baphendukela ekubhekaneni nobucayi ngokwengeziwe ngokuzibandakanya kobuzalwane be-ARYAN.
I-Debul Romance mayelana ne-adday yaletha ukuqashelwa kwe-Cheild International - American, amaBrithani kanye nabagxeki bemibhalo yaseJapan banikeze umlobi ama-trophies ama-5 ahamba phambili. Ingane ithathwa ngokubhala kwayo yonke incwadi entsha evela kuchungechunge olusesikhumbuzweni sokubhala kwenoveli yokuqala. Ngenxa yalokhu, kuvela encwadini ngonyaka, ngonyaka ka-2019 kukhona "inyanga eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka".
Amanoveli eChEL abizwa ngezentengiso, ngoba umbhali akagxili ekukhangelweni kwemibhalo komsebenzi, kodwa ngesidingo sakhe somfundi. Isibonelo, omunye wabazali bakaRchen ungumFrance. Leli qiniso le-biography yeqhawe lethulwa ukuze adonse abalandeli eFrance. Umbhali ubiza amanoveli ngendaba kaJack Reacher:
"Omunye wenza izenzo ezimbi kakhulu, kodwa wafinyelela kufanele."
Isibonelo, ngokuya ngokuthi "intengo yempilo yakhe" (1998), umphenyi wangaphambilini ubanjwe ndawonye nentombazane eyayisize ekuhambeni umgwaqo. "Isicupho" (1999) sizinikele ophenyweni lokubulawa komphenyi, uJack wajwayela khona ngengozi.
Imibono yeziqephu eziphindaphindwa ngezikhathi ezithile. Ngakho-ke, ngokuya ngokuthi "Guest" (2000), njengasekufeni ", kukhona izinsolo zokubulala ku-Rerehere, kodwa kulokhu abesifazane ababili baba yizisulu. "Isithumbi" (2006) sikhuluma ngendlela uJack asiza ngayo usomabhizinisi ukuba akhiphe umfazi ekudingisweni.
AmaRoma mayelana ne-reercher alungele izihlangu: ekulandiseni isenzo esiningi, ukudubula kanye nedrama. Kuze kube manje, phakathi kwemisebenzi emibili eyishumi nambili, inguqulo yevidiyo yathola amanoveli amabili kuphela. "Ukudutshulwa" (2005) Beka phansi umlobi "uJack afinyelela" (2012), ngokuya ngokuthi "ungaphinde ubuye" (2013) ingxenye yesibili yango-2016 ekhishwe ngo-2016. Kuwo womabili ama-amabhoni, indima enkulu yenziwa nguTom Cruise.
Izincwadi ezikhuluma nge-jack addwaer, zombili amanoveli nezindaba, zishicilelwa emazweni angama-35 ngezilimi zomhlaba ezi-27. U-Lee ingane wake waphawula ukuthi uzobhala ngephoyisa langaphambili kuze kube yilapho isidingo sokulandisa kwe-adventure yakhe singawa. Ukwahlulela ngezinga lokuthengisa, ukushona kwelanga komlobi wombhali kude: Ukuthengiswa okuphakathi kwengxenye ngayinye kungamakhophi ayisigidi angaba yizigidi eziyi-1.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Ngo-1975, ingane eshada nentombazane egama linguJane. Lo mbhangqwana usahlangana, uhlala edolobheni lomdabu lomngane womshado - New York. Ujantshile indodakazi uRuthe. Impilo yabo yomuntu siqu ihlukaniswe kangangokuba umshini wokuphepha awunawo isithombe somndeni esisodwa.
Umbhali ungumthandi weklabhu yebhola "e-Aston Villa". Kwesinye isikhathi amagama abadlali abavela kuleli qembu avela kumanoveli mayelana nokuqashelwa.
Ingane ye-Lee manje
Ngo-Ephreli 2019, i-Premiere yencwadi engama-24 ekhuluma nge-jack addware ngaphansi kwegama elithi "Blue Moon" lizokwenzeka e-United States. Vele, abalandeli bobuciko uLee CEDE bazothola amanoveli angama-25, umsebenzi owenziwayo manje.
Ukuhunyushwa kwabathengisi abaseRussia sekuhlwile, ngakho ngoFebhuwari 2019, kuphela inoveli engama-22 kuphela ezovela emashalofini ezitofu - "Umugqa wamaphakathi maphakathi".
NgoNovemba 2018, uLee Ingane wabika ukuthi wayehoxisa amalungelo e-Paramount Studio. Esikhundleni sefilimu yesithathu enoTom Cruise, umbhali wanquma ukususa uchungechunge nomunye umlingisi. Isizathu sokuncipha kokubambisana kokudala kwaba ukwanda okuphansi kokuhamba ngesikebhe (170 cm): Kumanoveli kuboniswa kaningi ngumzimba onamandla wephoyisa langaphambili nokukhula kwakhe okuhlaba umxhwele - ngo-195 cm. Ngakho-ke, ingane manje isidingida neNetflix futhi ibukeka imfushane kubalingisi abaphezulu.
I-Bibliography
- 1997 - "Phansi Ukufa"
- 1998 - "Intengo Yempilo Yakhe"
- 1999 - "Isicupho"
- 2000 - "Isimenywa"
- Ngo-2001 - "I-Echo enegazi"
- 2002 - "Ukubalwa Okunembile"
- 2003 - "Ukukholeka kusho"
- Ngo-2004 - "Isitha"
- 2005 - "Shot"
- 2006 - "Kidner"
- 2007 - "Izinkinga Nezinkinga Eziqinile"
- Ngo-2008 - "Akukho Okungalahlekelwa"
- Ngo-2009 - "Ngizohamba kusasa"
- 2010 - "Amahora angama-61"
- 2010 - "Kuyakufanele Ukufa"
- 2011 - Icala "
- 2012 - "Befunwa"
- 2013 - "Ungalokothi Ubuye"
- 2014 - "Intshisekelo yomuntu siqu"
- 2015 - "Ngenze"
- 2016 - "Isikole Sasihlwa"
- 2017 - "Midnight Line"
- 2018 - "Isikhathi esedlule"
- Ngo-2019 - "Inyanga eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka"