I-Biograge
Umama weNuni Matolika uTeresa waba ngowesifazane odumile wekhulu lama-20. Wazinikela ekukhonzeni abampofu nabampofu ngokubeka injongo yokuphila elandela imiyalo kaJesu Kristu. Isibonelo sowesifazane sibonisa ukuthi singajoyina kanjani inkazimulo yezomhlaba, uthando nokuqashelwa, ngaphandle kokukhathazeka ngokutholwa kwazo. Ngasikhathi sinye, imisebenzi ye-Holy Teresa Calcutt kwesinye isikhathi iba yinto yokugxekwa nokuvezwa.Ubuntwana nentsha
Umama uTeresa uvela ePeninsula yaseBalkan, esuka edolobheni laseSkopje, lapho ama-Muslim Albanian ahlala khona. Umndeni wenyanga yesikhathi esizayo ubiza ukholo lwamaKatolika. Le ntombazane yazalwa ngo-1910 emndenini kaNikola noDranfil Boyadzhiu. Igama langempela eligcwele langempela elinikezwe ngobhapathizo, - u-Agnes Ghonga.
Ubaba wayengusomabhizinisi ophumelelayo, futhi umama wakhe wayengumthungo onekhono. Abalingani baphila ekwenele futhi baletha izingane ezintathu. Abazali bakwa-Agnes babengesaba uNkulunkulu nabasabelayo abasiza ngisho nabantu abangabazi. Kusukela ebuntwaneni, indodakazi yabukela uthando nesihe ekwe eduzane nasekutholeni injabulo, yathola usizo oludinga usizo.
Lapho intombazane ineminyaka engu-4 ubudala, kwaqubuka impi yezwe. Ezweni elingcwele kwaqhubeka nezingxabano zangaphakathi, ukunyakaza kwenkululeko kazwelonke kwaqiniswa. Ubaba u-Agnes wayengu-Albanian ubuzwe futhi wasebenzisa ingxenye esebenzayo ekulweni nakubantu. Ngo-1919, uNikola ushonile, mhlawumbe, ubuthi.
Izikhathi ezinzima zeza, kepha i-duranfil yasebenza ngokuzithoba ukondla umndeni. Isikhathi esingemva kwempi sasisesintabeni esintabeni, owesifazane wathatha ezinye izingane eziyisithupha ngaphansi kophahla lwazo. Enyakeni yabakwa-Agnes wamthanda inkonzo yesonto futhi wachitha isikhathi emthandazweni nasenkonzweni. Wafunda emaphephandabeni ngezithunywa zevangeli eNdiya futhi wamba umlilo ngomqondo wokuba ngomunye wabo. Uthandaze uNkulunkulu, wezwa ebizela endleleni enobuntu, yize ayengajwayelene nempilo yasebusuku.
Ngo-1928, le ntombazane yaya eParis, lapho kwakukhona ingxoxo ngokulandelana kodadewethu uLorettto. Uthe unomphela kunina kanye namabele akhe, izihlobo, esekela ukuxhumana kuphela ngezincwadi. Ngemuva kwalokho waba nendlela eya e-Ireland, lapho wahlanganyela khona kakhulu ekufundeni isiNgisi ukuze akwazi ukwenza umsebenzi waseNdiya. Ngalezo zinsuku, amadola ayizigidi eziningi ahlala e-British colony. NgoJanuwari 6, 1929, isithunywa sevangeli esencane safika eCalcutta, iminyaka eminingi seyesekhaya lakhe.
Inkolo Nokupha
Ngo-1931, u-Agnes Ghhong waba ulalela ngaphansi kwegama uMaria Teresa. Njengoba esefumane, waqala ukufundisa uLorettto esikoleni se-monastic. Ngokuphikisana nesizinda sobuphofu nokulala kwezindawo zasemadolobheni, isigodlo sezindela sabonakala siyisiqhingi se-satiety. AmaNuns ayezibandakanya ezinganeni ezichumayo futhi ehole impilo ethule, evikelekile. UTeresu wakhathazeka ngokuthi uhlala kude nezinkinga zabantu, ngoba kwakuyisifiso sokusiza ukuhlupheka kwamholela kulemiphetho.
Ngo-1937, owesifazane uthatha ukuma kwe-monastic futhi kusukela manje ekubeni ngumama uTeresa. Ngasikhathi sinye, iNun yaqala ukufundisa umlando kanye neJograbhodi eSikoleni Esingcwele Mary, lapho ayesebenza khona cishe iminyaka engama-20. Ngesikhathi seMpi Yezwe Yesibili eCalcutta, indlala ebabazekayo yaqala eCalcutta, kanti umama noTeresa nodade basebenza ngenkuthalo ngokufela ukungondleki nasebuphofini.
Ngo-1946, i-Monastic Order inika owesifazane isinqumo esikhethekile lapho akwazi ukuzimela khona ngokuqiniseka. Owesifazane unquma ukuthi angasiza umakhelwane emijondolo kuphela, ngemuva kwempilo. Futhi indela ishiya izindonga eziphephile zesigodlo sezindela, ikhetha inkonzo neziguli, icele futhi ife ezitaladini, yabelana nazo ngezidingo nendawo yokuhlala. Kufanele adle, ageze abampofu, ukuze akwazi ukuwacubungula amanxeba ahambisane nendlela yokugcina.
Kwaphela iminyaka emi-2, abanye odade banamathele kuwo, futhi umphakathi wakhiwa kancane kancane uzungeze umama uTeresa. Kusukela ngo-1950, ibizwa ngokuthi yi-oda lokuthanda isithunywa sevangeli. Ngayinye yezindela yanikeza isithembiso sobunzima futhi yasebenza ezimisweni ezinhle, ingabi nelungelo lokuthatha noma yimuphi umklomelo wemisebenzi. Ukunyakaza sekukhulile, futhi ngaphansi kobuholi bukamama Teresa, izindawo zokukhosela, kwakhiwa izibhedlela kanye nezikole.
Usizo ekwakhiweni nasekugcinweni kwemisebenzi kwakhiwa ngeminikelo emincane yabantu abajwayelekile kanye ne-Pourron Fuses. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukunyakaza kwe-order of oda kwawela imingcele yezwekazi, kusakazeka ngeplanethi. Kusukela ngo-1965 kuze kube namuhla, amagatsha omphakathi asiza abancishwe amathuba ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zomhlaba.
Imisebenzi yeNun yamukelwa kabanzi, futhi yonke indawo yasebenzisa igunya nenhlonipho. Ngo-69, umama uTeresa wathola umklomelo weNobel Peace Prize ngezinkinga zesihe nosizo lokuhlupheka kwabantu.
ISonto LamaKatolika lenziwa i-Teresa Calcutt ngo-2016.
Ukugxekwa nokuvezwa
UTeresa oNgcwele wagxekwa ngesikhathi sokuphila kwakhe, ngoba amaqiniso avusa inkanuko futhi aphikisanayo abonakala kwi-biography yalo. IMonki yahlanjalazwa ukuxhumana nabantu abanobuntu obukhona ebandakanyeka ezweni lobugebengu. Ama-scammers kanye nababusi omashiqela benze amanani aqinile kuma-akhawunti kamama weTeresa Foundation, futhi ukucaciswa kokusetshenziswa kwemali kwalezi zimali kusaphikisana. Yize kungacaci lapho kuhamba khona imali, kudlula ezandleni zendoda endala, egqoke impilo yonke kuphela iCanvas Sari.
Umama uTeresu usolwa ngokungemthetho nangokunganaki. Kuthiwa imali etholwe yiyo ingakhiwa izikhungo zezokwelapha ezifakiwe zanamuhla zobuchwepheshe. Esikhundleni salokho, i-antisanition yabusa ezakhiweni zamakholosha nezibhedlela. Owesifazane wabekwa esontweni elisolwe yinkolo yobuphofu, okwakukhona ukubusa kulowo mthetho kulimaza impilo yeziguli.
Ama-detactors agcizelela ukuthi ngesikhathi sesifo, uTeresa uqobo wasebenzisa izinsizakalo zomtholampilo obizayo, ngaleyo ndlela asungule izindinganiso ezimbili ezimbili nasezigcemeni zalo.
Kuthiwa ukuthi ama-Invers afile ezweni elingazi lutho abhapathizwa emitholampilo ekolweni wamaKatolika. Ngo-1994, iFilm ye-Fruided From "yavela esihogweni", equkethe izitatimende zokudalula i-Teresa Calcuttt.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Intombazane ebusheni bakhe yakhetha indlela yoMlobokazi kaKristu ", ngakho-ke akazange acabange ngomshado. Ngokuvumelana nalokho, wayengenayo impilo yomuntu siqu esethulo esijwayelekile.
Ongcwele wazibeka ngenxa yalo mthetho akekho ongazangeli futhi abone isithombe sikaNkulunkulu kumuntu ngamunye. Futhi umkhonze, ekhumbula isivumelwano sikaKristu:
"Njengoba ukwenzile omunye wabafowethu abancane, bangenza."Nokho, nabanye abantu, wayengabangani futhi wayevame ukuxoxa. Phakathi kwazo, Indita Gandhi, Princess Diana, uMichelle Duval, uCharles Kingting nabanye.
Ukushona
Kusukela ngo-1980s, umama uTeresa waqala izinkinga ngenhliziyo. Yahlaselwa ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo ezimbili, okwathi ngemuva kwalokho wahlinzwa ngokufaka i-pacemaker. Izifo zenhliziyo azizange zishiye owesifazane kuze kube sekupheleni kwezinsuku futhi zahlalwa njalo yintsha. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, uNun wahambisa umalaleveva, inyumoniya futhi wathola ukwaphuka kwethambo.
Naphezu kwezifo ezingathi sína, umama uTeresa waphikisana nokuthi wayengesabi ukufa, ngoba wayebheke phambili ekuhlangana noKristu nalabo abasize kulempilo. Kulula ukukholelwa, ukubheka isithombe sobuso bakhe obunokuthula.
Ngesikhathi sokuwohloka kwenhlala-kahle, uSt. Teresa wasuka ebuholini kwa-oda waya ekwelashweni nomtholampilo kaCalifornia. Kodwa-ke, ukugqama komzimba kuyinto esindayo nsuku zonke futhi isifo senhliziyo senze ukufa okufikile ngoSepthemba 5, 1997. Umngcwabo waqhutshwa eCalcutta, futhi kwaboniswa umhlangano olilayo ku-LIVE kwizikrini zomhlaba wonke.
Umama kaTeresa uTeresa uyaqhubeka nokuphila namhlanje, kanti izingcaphuno zakhe ezihlakaniphile zisiza abantu ukuba bakholelwe kuNkulunkulu nakubantu.
-Zuzayo
- Ngo-1962 - UPadma Sri
- Ngo-1969 - IJavaharlal Nehru Ukuqonda Okungaqondakali Kwezizwe
- 1971 - Umklomelo Womhlaba kaJohn XXIII
- 1973 - Umklomelo weTempleton
- 1975 - Umklomelo Wezizwe Zonke U-Albert Swissor
- Ngo-1976 - IMANDLA LE-LA Lihlokonye ngenkonzo yesintu
- Ngo-1977 - Ukuhleleka kwe-British Embire degree of the Officer
- Ngo-1979 - Umklomelo Wezwe WaseNobel
- Ngo-1979 - Indondo yeCarridge
- 1980 - Order "I-Legion Honor"
- 1983 - I-Order Metit
- Ngo-1987 - Izindondo zegolide "zilwa nokuthula" eKomitini laseSoviet ukuvikela umhlaba
- Ngo-1992 - Umklomelo we-UNESCO wemfundo yokuthula
- 1996 - Order of Smile
- 1996 - Order "Ukuhlonipha Isizwe"
- 1997 - Indondo yegolide ye-US Congress