Umlando Wemilingiswa
Ukudlalwa kwe-Anton Pavlovich Chekhov "Cherry Garden" kubhekwa njengesibonelo se-Dramaturgical Classics. Indalo yayo ihambisana nokuguqulwa kwendawo yaseshashalazini yaseRussia kanye nezincwadi zaseRussia. Lona amahlaya omlomo ngomsebenzi odabukisayo obabazekayo.Umlando wendalo
Abagxeki bemibhalo bakholelwa ukuthi ukudlala kungu-autobiographical. Isakhiwo semisebenzi sakhiwe ezungeze umndeni wakwabo abasezingeni eliphansi, ophoqelekile ukuthengisa ifa elijwayelekile. UChe khokhov wenzeke ekungeneni esimweni esinjalo, ngakho-ke wayazi okuhlangenwe nakho kwamaqhawe akhe. Isimo sengqondo sohlamvu ngalunye sasijwayelekile kumlobi njengomuntu owathola isidingo sokushiya ikhaya lomdabu. Ukulandisa kuvunyelwe nge-psyplologist ecashile.
Ukusungulwa okusha kokuthi abadlali bakhe abahlukaniswanga hhayi amaqhawe amahle nakubi, hhayi esigabeni esikhulu nasekonhlayo. Lawa kwakungabantu besikhathi esedlule, abakhona kanye nekusasa, umbhali ahlukaniswa ngokubukwa kwawo emhlabeni. ILopakhh yayingummeleli okwamanje, yize kwesinye isikhathi kuba nomuzwa wokuthi angasifaka isicelo somuntu wekusasa.
Umsebenzi owenziwa ngomsebenzi wenziwa kusukela ngo-1901 kuya ku-1903. UChekhov wayegula kakhulu, kepha waqedela umdlalo, kwathi ngo-1904 iPremiere yezemidlalo eseshashalazini esesigabeni se-The Moscow Art Theatre.
"I-Cherry Orchard"
I-Biography kanye nekusasa leYermolia Aleksevich Vopakhina exhumeke kakhulu nempilo yomndeni wakwaRanevskaya. Ubaba weqhawe wawungumgqila kababa kaRanevskaya futhi wahweba ngentshiseko. Le ntokazi esencane ikhombisa uzwela kuYunza, owayendiza ephuma kuyise, futhi uyakhuluma ngakho, ekhumbula umlando wokuphila esisezingeni eliphansi. Isimo sengqondo sikaRanevskoy sijabule ngokuqaphela ama-blades e-yermola. Uthande umgexo wentombazane ekhangayo, kodwa wayeqonda ukuthi kunendawo esekelwe ebugqilini. Ngisho nencazelo yesibongo kanye negama leqhawe lithi lenzelwe umphakathi ohluke ngokuphelele.
ULopahn ucebile, waba ngumthengisi, futhi wakwazi ukuguqula isiphetho sakhe. Wazenza ezakhe futhi engekho imfundo efanelekile, wangena kubantu kunangaphambili. Yize kwaqashelwa ukuthi izincwadi zaze azinalutho, futhi umbhalo wesandla akazange athole umbono omuhle. Inqaba yangaphambili yonke into ithole umsebenzi wokukhuthala, impilo yakhe yonke inomsebenzi. ILopKhin ishesha ngaso sonke isikhathi, ibheke iwashi, elinde umhlangano omusha. Angalawulwa ngesikhathi sakhe kanye nezezimali, ngokungafani nomndeni waseRanevskaya.
ILopKhin ngaphezulu kwalapho iphenduka ingxoxo mayelana nengadi ye-cherry, enikeza usizo. Kulula ukuhlukana nemali, ukunikeza isikweletu, kepha esimweni sefa lokuthengisa impahla, elinye lixubekile: uLopahin uthanda iRanevskaya. Ufika emusha, enikela ngokuthenga ingadi futhi ayidlule ngaphansi kwezindawo zezwe, yize ayengayithenga ngokwawo.
ULopahin ukhombisa amangalisayo ngezimfanelo zangaphambili zebhizinisi le-Serfdom. Kuyasebenza futhi kubaliwe, kepha akusebenzisi amathalenta akhe abhekene nabathandekayo. Ngasikhathi sinye, ezinye izinhlamvu zinikeza isimilo esingakhethi seqhawe, ekholelwa ukuthi iLopahin iphishekela amathuba okuthengiselana okuzuzisayo.
Kuyo yonke le senzo, kuphindeka kabili emshadweni wama-blades nge-Vare. I-Yermolai ayishadi nentombazane hhayi ngenxa yokuntuleka kwezifo, kepha ngenxa yombuzo wokusika ingadi. I-Prarsa ibona kuphela i-deltsy emkhwenyana, lapho umshado ungazuzisa khona njengokwenza. Izingxoxo ezingenakuqhathaniswa phakathi kwamaqhawe zikwenza kucace ukuthi akukho ukuqonda okufanayo phakathi kwabo. Uthando lweRanevskaya, lufudumele enhliziyweni yama-blade, alumvumeli ukuthi acabange abanye besifazane. Iqhawe lenza isiphakamiso sare kuphela ngesicelo sesithandwa sakhe.
Ku-Dlala wonke amaqhawe, okuthile okulahlekelwe yi- "Cherry Garden". ULopKhin ulahlekelwa ukholo othandweni, eqaphela ukuthi isithombe sendoda elula sasimiswa ngemuva kwakhe emcabangweni weRanevskaya. Lapho eseyithenge uRanenevskaya, omele ikusasa, umnikazi wefa, lapho umndeni wakhe usenkonzweni, ugeleza e-euphoria. Kepha, ukuthola insimu, akazange akufinyelele ekugcwalisekeni kwephupho, elalihlala lingatholakali. URanevskaya ushiya iRussia, esuka eParis, futhi uLopahin uhlala eyedwa nefa lapho intsha yakhe idlula khona.
Ekupheleni kwe-Play Ermolai Alekseevich ikhuluma ngempilo emangalisayo. Kuyena, iqiniso lokuthi konke afuna ukukwenza kwaba yilutho. Uyabona ukuthi bangaki abantu ezweni lakhe abakhona ngokungenhloso futhi abaqondi ukuthi kungani bephila.
Isimo sengqondo somlobi maqondana nama-blades asilungile njengoba abanye abalingiswa bedlala. UChekhov ukholelwa ama-blades "aphikise" futhi athethelele iqhawe lokuntuleka kwemfundo nemfundo. Izenzo eziningi ze-blades zibonisa ukuthi, naphezu kokubamba amabhizinisi, indoda ayinalo i-pridency elula. Uphuze isitimela ukuba sihlangane noRanevskaya. Ukufuna ukumsiza ekulimaleni, kuthenga ingadi. Inquma ukubiza amathumba bese ukhohlwa ngokushesha ngakho.
Isithombe sama-blades asebenza ngendlela emangalisayo emashumini eminyaka amuva. Leli "iqhawe lesikhathi sethu," ukwakha ibhizinisi ngobuciko, kodwa umphefumulo oqinile. Umuntu ongakwazi ukubona okubonakalayo futhi ecabanga kuphela ngokuzibona kwakhe ngezinto ezibonakalayo. I-Ermolai LopKin iveza incazelo yayo echaza ama-antiports akhona. Umlobi onomuzwa onomuzwa wokuthi ogcwele imisebenzi yefilosofi kanye nokuhlukunyezwa, okuphambene nendodana yama-serfs angena kubantu.
-Vikayo
Ukuhlolwa kwefilimu kokuqala kweRussia Plabwight Chekhov kwenziwa eJapan ngo-1936 nguMqondisi uMooot Makoto. Amaqhawe athuthukiswa ngaphansi kwezithombe zamanje zaseJapan. Ngo-1959, umqondisi kaDeniel Petri wasusa ifilimu ethi "Cherry Garden", lapho indima yeLopakhina yagcwalisa uMartin Hithe. Ekwakhiweni kwe-Yana bully, 1973, isithombe sokwethulwa sasingekho, futhi ekwakhekeni kwamafilimu ka-1976, uYuri Cayurov wavela endimeni yomthengisi ku-TV ngaphandle.
URichard EID ngo-1981 wahlunga ngeqhaza leLopakhina Bill Paterson, nasesithombeni saseSoviet se-Igor Ilyinsky 1983, uViktor KorShun udlale iNermolaya. U-Anna Chernakova, osuse ifilimu ethi "Cherry Garden" ngemuva kweminyaka eyi-10, umenywe endimeni yeLopakhina Alexander Feklimal Feklimal Feklimal Feklisov. Isithombe somthengisi kwifilimu yethelevishini uSergey Ovcharova ngo-2008 waya kuRoman AleateV. UVladimir vysotsky waba omenzi odumile kakhulu wale ndima esendaweni yesehlakalo.
Amacaphuna
ULopakhina upenda iqiniso lokuthi akayikhohlwa indawo yakhe. Njenganoma yimuphi umuntu ongabonanga impilo echumayo, uyaziqhenya ngalokho akwazile ukukufeza ngaphandle kokuvikelwa nosizo. Kuyena, ukuvezwa okuyinhloko kwempumelelo kuyizinzuzo ezibonakalayo:
"Kodwa-ke, ubaba wami wayengumuntu, futhi lapha e-vest emhlophe, izicathulo eziphuzi."
Leli qhaqha liyaqonda ukuthi lubaluleke kangakanani imfundo yalo yamanje kwakuyoba yimfundo ayengayitholi. Ubuye azwa futhi ukuthi uyakwazi ukuqonda amandla okuqonda umhlaba, lapho efuna ukuwathola khona, lapho afuna ukwamukelwa khona "kwakhe":
"Ubaba wayengumuntu, idiot, angizange ngiqonde lutho, angizange ngingifundise, kodwa ngashaya iSptani kuphela, nayo yonke induku. Ngamafuphi, futhi nginguye umfana ofanayo kanye ne-idiot. Akukho lutho olufundwayo, umbhalo wesandla mubi, ngibhala ukuze kubantu benembeza njengengulube. "Ukufezekiswa okuyinhloko kweLopakhina ukuthi uyakwazi ukuqonda: Impilo afuna ngayo - niccene. Imali ayimjabulisi. Ukuba nensimu ye-cherry kunikeza ukuqonda ukuthi amaphupho akhe aphumela ngokunganalutho, injabulo ngokusebenza kwawo ngokungangabazeki. Umsebenzi uba yiqhawe le-Main Life Credo:
"Lapho ngisebenza isikhathi eside, ngingenakhathele, khona-ke imicabango kulula, futhi kubonakala sengathi ngiyazi engikhona. Futhi yeka ukuthi malini, mfowethu, eRussia, abantu abakhona abuziwa ngalokho. "