I-Biograge
Umdwebi waseFrance uHenri de Toulouse-Lotrek, owayehlala ngasekupheleni kweCix - Esesekuqaleni kwekhulu, waba yinkosi eyaziwayo yokupenda, ukudweba, ukubhala, ama-caricature kanye nemidwebo engamanzi angama-275, ama-sphetcher angama-5084 kanye Ama-Lithographs angama-359. Ukusebenza ngesitayela sokucindezelwa kwangemva kwesikhathi kanye nokuqala, uMdali, ophefumulelwe izithombe zezakhamizi zaseMontmarre, zaba ngomunye wezinto ezinamathiselwe kwihluzo ezisetshenzisiwe kanye nomsunguli wobuciko obubanzi bephosta.Ubuntwana nentsha
Umculi, igama eligcwele lalizwakala njengoHenri Marie Rimon de Toulouse-Lothrek Montfa, wazalwa ngoNovemba 24, 1864 esigodlweni esidala, edolobheni laseFrance, edolobheni lase-Albi. Okhokho bakhe babengeyemhlambi wasendulo obumangalisayo, okuholela enkosini yaseFranks naseLangobard Karl, kodwa ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-XIX, umsebenzi wezepolitiki nakwezepolitiki wayelahlekile.
Ingcebo yegazi layithinta kabi izizukulwane ezilandelayo, kwathi uHenri wahlushwa izinyanga eziyisithupha ngenxa yesici esingenamkhawulo samalunga namathambo, futhi umfowabo uRobert ushone nhlobo, akazange asinde, ngaphandle konyaka wokuqala. Omunye umfana we-deffect deform kwakungukuphela komuntu ongabonwa kunoma yiziphi izihlobo, ngakho-ke abaphenyi baphakamise ukuthi bavuke ukuthi bavuke ngenxa ye-syphilis yabo etholakele kunina etheleleke ngalesi sifo.
Ubaba, onomdlandla ohlelwe amahhashi nokuzingela, wenziwa yindodana yenkampani futhi izinyanga izinyanga anyamalale enqabeni, eshiya izingane zinakekele umkakhe. Kuliqiniso, ngezinye izikhathi uHenri wakwazi ukufeza ukunakwa komzali futhi kanye naye avakashele izinhlanga kanye nomculi womculi ajwayelekile owabhala imidwebo emnandi yezilwane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le ndoda nomfana bavakashela izindawo ukuze bazijabulise, bathandwa kakhulu ngaleso sikhathi.
Lokhu kuxhumana, okuthonywe ngokuzumayo emcabangweni wengane, kwaphela ngemuva kwesehlukaniso emndenini wakwa-Aristocracy, futhi uLoulouse-Lolly waphoqeleka ukuba enze ubungane nonina, owahlala engukuwukuphela komuntu osondelene naye. Kepha, naphezu kokunakekelwa kwezibalo, umfana uhlala ezwa umuzwa wesizungu, ikakhulukazi waqinisa kakhulu ngemuva kokuqhekeka ngengozi kwazo zombili izinyawo, wehlise umoya, wabe esemisa ukukhula kwezinyawo.
Ngenxa yalokho, osemusha oboshelwe embhedeni wawuthathwa ngokudweba futhi waqala ukuthatha izifundo ezihlotsheni, ezivikelwe ngokuphelele yibhulashi. Kungekudala, umsebenzi emibhalweni waphenduka umlutha, kwathi ngo-1881, uHenri waba nenhloso enobuciko, ethola izeluleko ezivela kumdwebi ojwayelekile weRene.
Ebuke inqubekela phambili yewadi, ake sinikeze ithuba lokuqokwa kwethuba lokuqeqeshwa okwengeziwe, nensizwa, ngemuva kokuthola imali eyabakhubazekile, yathunyelwa eParis eya kumdwebi weLeon Bonna.
Njengoba ejwayelene ne-Aza Classical, uHenri wazinza eMontmartre futhi waqhubeka nemfundo yakhe eWernan Kormon. Futhi yilapho aletha ubungani nabaculi abavelele njengoba u-Emil Bernard noVincent van Gogh, futhi enkampanini yabo bazulazula emigwaqweni emihle kanye nemvelo. Lapho nje abangane behlenga umhlangano osemusha nesifebe, ngenxa yokuthi isithombe esinezihloko sabhalwa, sanqunywa ngokwengeziwe ngohlobo lomsebenzi wakhe ovuthiwe nowokuvuthiwe.
Ukudala
Izithombe ezihlala zikhanyisa phambi kwamehlo eKabare "Moulin Rouge" zazihlangezwa yi-HENRI, futhi ngaphezu kwamaphosta amemezele indlela elandelayo, wabhala ukuthi imidwebo yomculi u-Iverbe0 kanye nabadansi uLouber) kanye Zhanna avril. Umsebenzi "umdanso eMoulin Ruzh" ubonakale emahlathini akhanga, yize iqiniso lokuthi izingcezu ezincitshwe kuphela ezazivela ekusweleni kwesikhafu.
Ngo-1895, ngokwakha isithombe sokugcina, saqinisa inkazimulo kaKabare, uHenri wathuthela ezifundeni eziphakathi neParis wahlala ekota, ehlukunyezwa yizindlu zomphakathi nezifebe. Eqhuba isikhathi esiningi emphakathini wabo, i-de toulouse-lollrek adale imidwebo "eyodwa" nowesifazane ngesambulela ", kanye nemidwebo esele yochungechunge, ukukhombisa ukwehla kwangaphakathi, ngethemba nobuhlungu.
Ukuba "nobungcweti bokukhubazeka kanye nokobuguquko", umdwebi, ngemuva komshini, wangena kwalasha wakhetha umsebenzi wokungakhululeki ama-orgies, lapho utshwala budla khona kaningi. Inani lemidwebo ebhaliwe ngalesi sikhathi lehlile kakhulu.
UHenri waqala ukuzwa ukuhlaselwa kokudangala kanye ne-paranoid nonsense. Umama, asuse efulethini eduze kwezindlu zomculi, wayekhathazekile ngokudakwa kanye nolaka kwabanye. Futhi ngo-1899, uHenri wadlula esifundweni esisesibhedlela esikhethekile, waphothulwa ngokubhala uchungechunge lwe-circus paintings kanye nomdanso ovelele "wokudansa".
Ngenxa yalokho, odokotela bakhipha umdwebi esibhedlela, kodwa bengakwazi ukukubuyisela. Ngemuva kwamaviki ambalwa ka-Abtilence de Tougouse-Lotrek wathatha okudala, ekopisha indlela yokuziphatha kwesigaba esiphansi futhi echitha isonto phakathi kwezifebe. Cishe uyeka izithombe, wezwa indlela yokufa, futhi lolo mbuso olubiwe lubonakaliswa emsebenzini wakhe wokugcina, ohlukaniswe yi-melanchocwolic mood, ama-melohami angenasisekelo.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Ngenxa yokulimala ngokomzimba, umculi akakwazanga ukuhlomisa impilo yomuntu siqu kuze kube izinsuku zokugcina ahlala ejabule futhi enesizungu. Njengoba engenaye umfazi, noma izingane, uHenri waba nezinsuku zokuba nezinsuku zemidwebo nobusuku - emabhukwini nasemibhedeni yezifebe.
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, uDe Toulouse-Lollyk wayefuna umphakathi eduze futhi wayevame ukufika efeni likamama, kepha ubudlova obubangelwa ukusetshenziswa kotshwala ngokweqile wavinjelwa ukuthuthukiswa kwalobu budlelwano futhi walimaza amalungu omndeni womndeni onikelwe .
Ukushona
Ekuqaleni kuka-1901, uDe Toulouse-Lotrek waqhubeka nokupenda futhi wapenda imidwebo yabantu abamzungezile. Ngasikhathi sinye, ukuba ngaphansi kokuqondisa kwesihlobo sensimu yeVio, wasayina imidwebo eyakhelwe ngaphambilini futhi, ngangokunokwenzeka, waletha ukuhleleka emsebenzini wakhe.Lapho esenobuhlungu obungokomzimba, umdwebi wakwazi ukushayela uzungeze i-canvas ngebhulashi, futhi ehlobo lesi simo sakhula kakhulu kangangokuba wahlala embhedeni.
Ngemuva kwesifo sohlangothi, esasingenzeka ekupheleni kuka-Agasti 1901, uHenri wayekhubazekile ngaphansi komzimba, futhi umama wamyisa eningizimu yeFrance, lapho afela khona ngokugcwele ngoSepthemba 9, ngaphandle kokusinda ezinyangeni ezi-3 ukuya ku-37 iminyaka.
Izihlobo zazama ukungakhangisi imbangela yangempela yokufa komculi, kepha ephephandabeni le-Necrologist elifakwe ku-Editions ngaphansi kwezithombe zokulila, izintatheli ziveze imfihlo - uLotu
Imidwebo
- Ngo-1883 - "Imidwebo kaMama engadini"
- Ngo-1883 - "Ukuzibonakalisa phambi kwesibuko"
- 1885 - "I-Gladiller"
- Ngo-1885 - "Izithombe zeSuzanne Valadon"
- Ngo-1887 - "Portrait of Vincent van Gogh"
- 1888 - "Impahla"
- Ngo-1888 - "Rider in Circus Fernando"
- Ngo-1890 - "Dansa eMoulin Rouge"
- Ngo-1893 - "Amantombazane amabili embhedeni"
- Ngo-1894 - "Salon ku-Moulin Street"
- Ngo-1895 - "Imidwebo ka-Oscar Wilde"
- Ngo-1896 - "Owesifazane ngemuva kwendlu yangasese"
- Ngo-1899 - "Umdanso Wekhebula"