I-Biograge
Ummeleli okhanyayo wesikhathi saseFinland se-Romantistism sekwephuzile uthathwa njengomuntu ongumqambi kanye nomqambi uJan Sibelielius, owaba ngumlobi we-7 Symphony kanye namakhulu amaChamber asebenza ngezenkolo. Ugqugquzele imvelo kanye ne-Folk Epic yeScandinavia, umculi waqamba izingoma ezimbalwa emibhalweni ye- "Kalevaloa", kanye ne-melodicmation yezwi ne-orchestra eHlabayo neHlatsheni LaseCharal Hych.Ubuntwana nentsha
I-Biography ye-Biography yokuqala yomqambi waseFinland uYana Sibelilius yabhalwa engxenyeni yokuzimele yoMbuso WaseRussia ngoDisemba 8, 1865. Kungaleso sikhathi lapho edolobheni laseHämeenLinna, umfana wavela emndenini kadokotela, kamuva owaba ngumculi. Ngemuva kokufa kukaYise, owenze ngoJulayi 1868, umama waphoqeleka ukuba akhokhe izikweletu futhi athuthele endlini yabazali bakhe.
Ngesikhathi sezifundo zakhe esikoleni sokulungiselela kanye nesisekelo seFinland, iYang yachitha isikhathi esiningi emvelweni, nasehlobo, kanye nodadewabo, uLinda nomfowethu Christian bahamba ngasogwini lwaseBay bafuna. Eminyakeni engu-7 ubudala, imfundo yezemfundo yanikezwa izifundo zepiyano. Umfana akathandanga ukudlala kumanothi, akhetha ukuthuthuka.
Ngokushesha wenqabile uPiano, wathatha i-violin waba ngumlingisi oqondile owanqoba izilaleli zemali enesifo saseFinland, kodwa wenqaba umsebenzi ogqamile kangaka, ekugcineni futhi uthathe isinqumo sokuthatha isinqumo.
Umculo
Ngo-1889, uYang uthole ilungelo lokuqhubeka nokufunda e-Austria naseJalimane futhi wahlangana nomsebenzi wabaqambi banamuhla, kubandakanya noRichard Strauss no-Anton Bruckner. Esibonelweni sabo, uSibelius waqala ukusebenza ngezingoma ze-orchestral ne-ballet yesiteji. Ekuqaleni kweminyaka yama-1890s, waphothula amaphuzu wesingeniso eSymphony ye-Debut "cullery" futhi wethulwa emphakathini "onqobayo uMi Major".
I-Yang ithole ukwesekwa okuvumayo kwama-account connoisseurs abezwe ukubulawa kwe-Symphonic ye-Symphonic kanye ne-supeites ephelele ye-oversie kanye ne-supeites karelia, kwadlalwa ngokushesha i-repertoire ye-metropolitan orchestras futhi yadlalwa ngaphezulu kwamahlandla angama-20 ngesikhathi sonyaka.
Ngo-1893, umlobi wawushiya umlobi wezinsimbi zomgwaqo, umlobi wathatha i-opera, esekelwe emibhalweni ye- "Kalevaloa", kepha ekugcineni ayizange ibonakale ekhulelwe, yema emaqenjini ezinganekwane ezine ze-Clory. Kwathi ngoJanuwari 1898, lapho uMbuso WaseRussia wazama ukunciphisa amandla e-Finnish Perrincictioncestristries, Yang waqala ukubhala i-Symphony yokuqala kanye ne-paridic esebenza nge-orchestra, upiyano kanye namazwi abesilisa.
Ngenxa yokwakheka kwe-symphonic Poem "eFinland", ehlanganisa i- "Serenad yamagquma akude", kanye nemisebenzi yengoma mayelana ne-Lemminkineinen kanye nengoma ye-Athene, yathola isimo seNational Hero, eyayifundwe ngezinye izifundazwe . Ukushumeka Uhambo emadolobheni amakhulu aseYurophu, uSibelius wahlela i-premiere ye-symphony yesi-2 futhi wathola ukwamukela, okulindelwe okulindelwe, nezindatshana eziphathelene ne-Heatherlines.
Ukugubha ukunqoba kwe-Creative, uSibelius uchithe isamba esikhulu ku-champagne, kwathi ngosuku olulodwa aboshwe ngotshwala ngenxa yokukhathala nokugula komkakhe. Umculo obhalwe ngesizathu esicacile usuphenduke ngokwengeziwe futhi ozwakala ungathandeki kubathandi baseFinland neminye imisebenzi yokuqala.
Noma kunjalo, abagxeki bashiya ukubuyekezwa okuqondile mayelana ne-3rd neye-Symphony yesi-4, eyayizwakala eLondon, eHelsinki naseStockholm. Ngaphezu kwalokho, emcimbini womculo eNorfolk, ebanjelwe ekwindla ka-1914, uSibelius wethula izilaleli zenkondlo "ne" Ocerdids ", futhi le misebenzi ibheka amasampula we-Music ahle kakhulu, ahlobise futhi ahlukane ne-classic umkhosi.
Esikhathini esilandelayo sokudala, okwagcina kuze kube ngu-1926, uYang wabhala imisebenzi emihle emihle, phakathi kwabo ukuthandwa abathola ama-etudos epiyano, ama-symphony kanye namaculo ahlazo. Bese kuthi ugqozi lwesokunxele umqambi, futhi wabhubhisa iningi lomsebenzi owenziwe.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Ngo-1888, phakathi nezifundo zakhe eHelsinki, uSibeli wayevame endlini ka-Edward Armaas yarefelt, lapho ahlangana khona nodadewabo omncane ogama lakhe lishone. NgoJuni 10, 1892, ngokuvuma kukaYise, odumile waseRussia, uJan washada nobuhle obuyindida waya eholidini eya ezweni lonke "Kalevaly".
Lapho-ke lo mndeni osemusha wawuthuthukiswa empilweni yomuntu siqu, kwathi ngo-1903 abakhi baqeda ukwakhiwa kwendlu yase-Ainol, endaweni enhle eLake Tusulu. Lapho, ngemuva kwamantombazane amane, abize u-Eva, uRuthe, uKirsty, noKatharina, uMargarita wavela emhlabeni, kwathi ngo-1911 uHeidi wazalwa.
Ngemuva kokuhamba, injabulo yomndeni yagcizelelwa ukudakwa kanye nama-rudder omqambi, kodwa ngenxa yokuhlinzwa, wenqaba ukudla utshwala, futhi lo mbhangqwana waphila ngokulandela iminyaka engu-7. Ngawo-1930s, lapho izingane zisuka u-Ainolu, uSibeli wathuthela eHelsinki, kodwa ekuqaleni kweMpi Yezwe Yesibili yabuya futhi engasashiyi izindawo ezinhle zaseKarilia.
Ukushona
Ngemuva komkhosi wesikhumbuzo seminyaka engama-90, uSibeli wayesesimweni esiphakanyisiwe futhi wahamba kakhulu eduze kwendlu yaseKariya yaseKarelie. Kepha ngoSepthemba 20, 1957, ngenkathi belalele i-5th Symphony emsakazweni kazwelonke, usizi lwaluyenzeka, oluholele ekufeni esimeme esimweni sebhanali se-hemorrhage.Umbuso wahlela umngcwabo ongumqambi wensimu yendawo yomndeni, kwathi ngemuva kweminyaka eyi-10, kwasungulwa itshe lesikhumbuzo eHelsinki, ekhethwe ngokuncintisana emisebenzini engamakhulu ambalwa. Ukwakheka okubaziweyo okwenziwe ngensimbi engamelana ne-acid sekuyinhlanganisela eyingqayizivele yemiphumela ebonakalayo neyamisindo, kugcizelele i-Epic yomculo kanye nendlela yendabuko yeScandinavia.
Imisebenzi Yomculo
- I-1892 - Symmony "Coollervo"
- Ngo-1893 - Ukuqoshwa "Karelia"
- Ngo-1893 - I-Suite "Karelia"
- 1899 - Symmonic Poem "Finland"
- I-1899 - Inombolo ye-Symphony 1 (Encane)
- I-1901 - Symphony Inombolo 2 (MAID)
- 1906 - Symphony Firgasy "Muffins"
- I-1907 - Symphony Inombolo 3 (kuya enkulu)
- 1911 - Symphony Inombolo 4 (Encane)
- 1913 - Inkondlo yeSymmonic "Bead"
- Ngo-1920 - Cantata "Hmnm Arlhlaba" yekwaya ne-orchestra
- 1925 - Symmonic PoEM Tapiol
- Ngo-1926 - "Iculo Vono" ("Kalevala") yekwaya ne-orchestra