Pablo Neru - Mufananidzo, Biography, Hupenyu Hwako, Rufu Chikonzero, Nhetembo

Biography

Chilean nhetembo Pablo Nerulda akazivikanwa paakatendeuka ane makore gumi nematatu. Kwemakumi emakore, iyo tenzi weSouth American rhyme akanyora nhetembo dzeSurrealistic, nhetembo dzezvematongerwo enyika, maSobel mubairo weNebel naThomas Mann, William Falkner naErnest Hemingway. Nekudaro, chikamu chakakosha chehupenyu hwaNeruda hwainge hwisina basa, asi zvematongerwo enyika.

Hudu uye Vechidiki

Pablo Neruda ndeyekugadzira pseudomonym, iyo yakava zita rehudhu repamutembi chete muma1920s. Vabereki, Railway Mushandi José Del Carmen Reyes Mores uye Chikoro mudzidzisi Rosa Akazvarwa musi waChikunguru 12, 1904 muCharaniti guta rezvikamu.

Yakapera kubva paGetty Mifananidzo

Amai Pablo vakafa mwedzi miviri mushure mekusununguka mwana, chikonzero cherufu chiri chibirelosis. Pakarepo mushure mekufa kwemukadzi wake, Morales akaroora neTrinidad Kandia Malred Iyo kambani Pablo naRolloff yaive Laura Herminia - mwanasikana wechigaro wemurume uye imwe moralia yemhomho. Mhuri dzinounganidzwa muzvikamu dzakararama muTemota.

Nhetembo dzekutanga dzeNeruda rakanyora muna 1914. Baba vakapokana nemitambo yemwanakomana wavo. Kumukomana, nhetembo Gabriel Mistral akapindwa muNebel mubairo weMabhuku e1995, uye mumazuva iwayo, director weChikoro mune iyo Pablo yakadzidziswa Pablo. Munzira dzakawanda, ndatenda naye musi waChikunguru 18, 1917, mwenje wakaona chinyorwa cheDeturu yeNeruda "Kufarira uye Kutsungirira".

Zvisikwa

Kubva 1918, nhetembo yechidiki yeChilan yakadhinda mumagazini ezvinyorwa pasi pezvibodzwa zveoiri, uye kuma1920s akawana zita rinozivikanwa nhasi - Pablo Neruda. Vanyori venhoroondo vanotsanangura kusarudzwa kwezita rekufarira murume wechidiki kubasa reCzech munyori wechidiki Jan Nerudzi, uye chishuvo chekutsausa izvi pakuzvarwa - kusatenderwa kwaBaba.

Muna 1923, akasunungura kuunganidzwa kwekutanga kwe "zuva ravira", uye gore rakatevera, nyika yakaonekwa kwazvo yedetembi, "nhetembo dzemakumi maviri dzerudo uye rwiyo rwekushushikana.

Pakazosvika makore makumi maviri, Pablo Neruda akava nhetembo dzakakurumbira, asi mamiriro ake emari akasiya zvakawanda zvaidiwa. Kuunganidza "kuyedza kwemunhu asingaperi" uye kwevaRoma "kugarisa uye tariro yake" haina kubatsira chilean kuti ibudise nekuda kwehurombo. Kuora mwoyo kwemari ndicho chikonzero chikuru nei chikamu chakakosha cheNeruwa's Biography inosanganiswa nezvematongerwo enyika, uye kwete nekwavo.

Zviitiko Zvematongerwo enyika

Muna 1927, Neruda akava nyanzvi yekuBurma. Pashure pokudzokera kuChile, Neruda akabata nzvimbo dzakakwirira dzechiArgentina neSpain, kwaakava shamwari naFrecome Garcia Lorca. Muna 1940-1943, Neruda akashanda semumiriri kuMexico City. Post yacho yakamubatsira kuronga kubhururuka kweMexico Artist Joské David Alfaro David Alfaro David Alfaro Siciciros, uyo aipomerwa kuedza pane iyo shanduko yeRevolution Leo Trotsky.

Mumakore eHondo Yenyika II, Neruda mukana wegamba wehondo tsvuku, "Rwiyo rutsva rweStlyrad" (1943) rwakatsaurirwa izvi. Uye kazhinji, mudetembi, vazhinji vakararama panguva yakati, vakayemura Soviet Union, kunyanya Joseph Stalin.

Mumakore akatevera, Neruda akaviga muChile, akafamba muEurope, akashanyira India, China, Sri Lanka, Soviet Union. Panyika nzendo dzakazvarwa muunganidzwa "nhetembo dzemukuruku" (1952), nhetembo "husiku pachitsuwa", "hove yehove".

Muna 1970, Neruda akaziviswa mukwikwidzi wechile mutungamiri. Iyo posvo haina kukwezva mudetembi, uye akarasikirwa nemoyo wakareruka. Mutongi mutsva akafunga kuti aimbova mudzvanyiriri post muFrance, aakashanda kusvika 1972. Iyi ndiyo yekupedzisira diplomatic post ye Neruda.

Muna 1971, Neruda akapiwa mubairo weNobel emabhuku "enhetembo, ayo ane simba remweya akasangana nemweya nemhedzisiro yekondinendi yose." Sarudzo yacho yakanga isiri nyore: Iyo jeri yakarangarira nzira iyo mudetembi akatsigira dura reStalinist.

Hupenyu Hwako

Muna 1928, kuchitsuwa cheIndonesia, Java Pablo Neruda akasangana neDutch Mariusth chagenar foelzang, mushure memwedzi miviri vaviri vakaroora vakaroora. Muna 1934, vaive neyera gired marina trinidad Del Carmen Reyes. Mwana akatambura kubva muhydrocephalus. Neruda akaramba kuzvidaidza kuti baba vemwana anorwara, uye muna 1936 vasikana vakarambana. Mika akaedza kutsvaga basa racho zvakakwana kubereka mwana. Nekuda kweizvozvo, Marva vakatemerwa mumhuri yekurera, kwaakafa muna 1942.Yakapera kubva paGetty Mifananidzo

Neru rinotevera Neru, Argentinka Delia Dela Carrill, aive nemakore makumi maviri kune anodiwa. Vaviri vacho vakaroora kutanga kwa1940. Mumwe mukadzi uyu akatevera nhetembo dzakateerana.

Pakupera kwa1949, Neruda akatambura kubva puroiti. Kumuchengeta muimbi wechiLaran muimbi wechiChileri wechiHarama. Pakati pavo bhuku rosimuka rosimuka. Musikana akatama kuseri kwedetembi kubva kunyika kuenda kunyika, akashanda semuseya yekunyora "Stee Kapteni." Hupenyu hwavo hwakavanzika hwevanhu hwomunhu hwakatungamira kuchokwadi chekuti muna 1953 Carrill akasheedzera kurambana. Uritia yakava musi wechitatu uye wekupedzisira mukadzi waNiruda.

Rufu

MunaSeptember 1973, coup yechiuto yakaitika muChile, nekuda kweiyo Augusto Pinoetto yakauya pasimba. Panguva imwecheteyo, yakazivikanwa kuti Neruda airwara: akaonekwa aine cancer yerostate. Musi waSeptember 23, 1973, mudetembi akafa muchipatara muSantiago kubva pakutadza kwemoyo. Nekudaro, pane vhezheni zvichienderana neiyo nhaurwa yeChilean yakauraya vatsigiri vePinochet.

Muna May 2011, magazini yeMexico Mexico akaburitsa mutyairi wekare mutyairi weNeruuel Mineuel funray, uyo akapinda hurukuro yerunhare nemukadzi wake Uritia. Communist akapokana kuti chiremba akamuuraya pamirairo yePinochet uye kuti achangobva kuita jekiseni mudumbu. Neruda akafa nemaawa makumi maviri neshanu mushure mekufona.

Muna 2013, kudzikama kwemutumbi weNeruda kwakaitwa kujekesa izvo zvechokwadi zvinokonzeresa rufu. Maererano nemushumo wepamutemo wehushumiro yeChile (Rakabudiswa muna Kurume 2015, mudetembi "anogona kuvezwa nehupfu hwakatangira."

Quotes

• "Ndiri kuda kuumba newe kuti ndeipi tsime inogadzira ne cheress mudondo."
• "Saka, zvinogona kuoneka, zvichave kusvika kumagumo ehupenyu hwangu. Ruoko rumwe runorova, uye zvimwe zvinotambanudza maruva emaruva kuti ndirege kuripa zvakaipa.
• "Ndingadii kuti ndirege kuzviwana kuti usazvitsvage iwe?".
• "Nenzira nokutendeka, chero munyori wepasi redu, anonzi pasi, angada kuwana mubairo weNobel, uye iye anonyarara nezvazvo, uye anozviramba."

BHAIBHERI

• 1922 - "Zuva Rakavakwa Zuva"
• 1924 - "Nhetembo dzinosvika makumi maviri uye rwiyo rumwe rusununguko"
• 1926 - "Mugarwa uye tariro yake"
• 1933, 1935 - "Simba - Pasi"
• 1937 - "Spain mumwoyo"
• 1943 - "Rwiyo rutsva rweRudo kuStlyrad"
• 1947 - "Yepamhepo Yokugara"
• 1950 - "Rwiyo Rwose"
• 1952 - "Kapiteni Nhetembo"
• 1959 - "Mamwe Makumi ESSIons"
• 1960 - "Rwiyo Rwiyo"
• 1962 - "Zvakamumirira Mumiriri"
• 1972 - "Fancy Geography Geology"
• 1973 - "Gungwa nemabhero"