Imyidagaduro nyamukuru kubakunzi bukabije ntabwo ari ugusimbuka gusa na parasute, ahubwo no gutsinda impinga yimisozi. Bishyura ibihumbi by'amadolari mubuzima bwiza. Abantu babarirwa mu magana bagerageza kugera kumusozi muremure kwisi buri mwaka. Iyi vertex ni everest.
Jomolungma - Umusozi muremure kwisi
Umusozi Efret Uburebure kuva Kuruhande kugeza kurwego rwinyanja - Metero 8848 . Ari muri Himalaya, impinga ye yo mu majyepfo iherereye kumupaka na PRC. Umusozi witwa "Jomolungma" mu rwego rwo kubaha imana mboneye y'ababyeyi. Ijambo risobanurwa ngo "nyina w'imana y'ingufu." Izina rye rya kabiri ni Everest, buyoborwa nisi yose. Yamwakiriye mu cyubahiro George Everest, wategekaga serivisi ya geosic.
Umusozi wa Jomolungma kumisozi ku ikarita asa na trimide ya trimide. Kubera kugoreka igice cyamajyepfo nta rubura kandi uruhande rwambaye ubusa. Uburebure bwa Vertex bwari bwariyebwe mu 1852, igihe topografi yo muri Bengal Radhanat Sikdar yabyaye imibare ya Trigonometric. Ibipimo ntabwo biha amahoro nabahanga kandi muri 2019. Ibipimo bikomeje, ingendo z'Abanyamerika n'Italiyani zahujwe.
Ku misozi ikonje n'itumba, no mu cyi. Muri Nyakanga, ubushyuhe bwiminsi bugera -19, no muri Mutarama - -36. Erega vertices irangwa numuyaga utunguranye hamwe numuyaga wambaye imyenda 160 km / h.
Watsinze umusozi Efrest
Mu 1953, kwigarurira kwambere kwa vertike byabaye. Yakozwe na Nepal Slimber Tringber Trings Norungs na Zelaben nshya Edmund Hillary. Kugeza iyi ngingo yagerageje 50 byananiranye. Abitabiriye amahugurwa bashoboye kwigarurira vertike ya m 7000, ariko ntibyari ukuzamuka. Mu 1950, abazamuka bo mu Bufaransa barahaguruka bajya i Harra Annapurna (8091.Norja na Hillary bagiye mu nzira, abisutswe abasuye. Abazamuka bakoresheje ibikoresho bya ogisijeni. Uwa mbere wahisemo gukoresha ogisijeni igihe azamuka, atangira urugendo rw'icyongereza. Nyuma ya 1953, yashoboye kwigarurira umusozi abahatsi benshi baturutse mu bihugu bitandukanye: PRC, Ussr, Ubuhinde, Amerika, muri Amerika, Abagabo bonyine bagize uruhare mu gikorwa cyo mu Buyapani .
Ntabwo abantu bose bakeneye murugendo rwa ogisijeni. Sherp Ang RITA mu 1999 ashyiraho inyandiko: Yazamutse inshuro 10 kuri Everest idafite ogisijeni. Nyuma yimyaka 20, imiterere yisi yose yamennye ikiraki kuva Nepal Rita Sheppa, watsinze inshuro 24 zambere.
Ntabwo abantu bose batanze Efirence
Kugeza mu myaka ya za 70, kugera kuri Everest byari bigarukira, ariko amaze kuvaho, umubare wapfuye wapfuye. Byose byatangiranye nabantu 5 batarokotse nyuma yo guterana. Nyuma yimyaka 4, 6 Abafaransa bitabira urugendo rwicwa. Abantu batsinze hejuru, bimukiye abanyabwenge. Bashakaga kwandika izina ryabo murutonde rwa Jomolungum yihebye. Yazamuye uburyo budasanzwe bwo gutandukanya: nijoro, mu gihe cy'itumba, mu gihe cya Monsoon, nta ogisijeni cyangwa wenyine. Rero, harateraniyeje urupfu buri mwaka.
Mu 1985, ubucuruzi bwo kurera kuri Everest bwageze ku mpinga iyo i David David yarumiwe kugera hejuru mu buryo bw'umucuruzi w'imyaka 55. Dick Bass yashishikajwe nigitekerezo cyo gutsinda imisozi miremire iherereye kumugabane wa 7. Umucuruzi yagenze neza, umucuruzi yatanze igitabo kijyanye na Adventures yabaye impande.
"Urugero rubi rwanduye," rero, umurongo w'abashaka kuba icyamamare cyashyizwe ku bundito. Ibigo byatangiye kugaragara, gutanga serivisi zo kubungabunga umusozi. Mu 1996, habaye amahano y'abantu 8. Impamvu zitera Urupfu rwibanze cyitwa Ikirere kibi no guhangana hagati yitsinda ryo kuzamuka. Mu 2019, abantu 20 bapfuye bazize amaso, ariko ntibibuza intagondwa zidafite imbaraga zo kudasubira mu rugendo.
Uburyo bwo gukubita hejuru yisi
Nta ruhushya, rutanga abayobozi ba Nepal na Tibet, ntibagera hejuru ya Jomolungma. Shakisha inyandiko muri Nepal ihenze cyane - ibihumbi 11 byamadorari. Muri Tibet, bisaba ibihumbi 8. Inzira ya Nepal yakoreshejwe mu kuzamuka, ikunzwe cyane. Ariko prc igerageza gukomeza no gukora ingando nziza kuruta abanywanyi. Amahema ahagaze kwisi afite ibikoresho nkenerwa.Muri 2019, hatanzwe uruhushya rugera kuri 600. Kubijyanye na 2018, iyi ni inyandiko. Kubera umubare munini wintsinzi kuri Everest, zarakozwe na traffic traffic. Mu mwaka, ibihe 2 gusa byo kuzamuka: Gicurasi na Nzeri. Iki kintu gituma abantu bihutira bakagenda icyarimwe. Mu gihe cy'itumba, ni akaga kuzamuka: hiyongereyeho ubushyuhe buke, iterabwoba riba umuyaga.
Ibintu bishimishije
Kuzamuka hejuru yo hejuru bigura ibihumbi 100. Aya mafaranga arimo uruhushya, ibicuruzwa byohereza imbere nubuhungiro bwigihe gito.
Impuzandengo yiminsi, izakoresha abazamuka kuzamuka, 40. Muri iki gihe, umuntu atakaza uburemere bwa kg 15 kubera gutwika ibinure nubushuhe.
Umusozi wa Jomolungma uhindukirira imyanda. Ba mukerarugendo bava imyanda, Sixinders n'umurambo n'amarambo bitatanye ahantu hose. Kwimura umuntu wapfuye, gukoresha amadorari ibihumbi 100. 120 Abapfuye bagumye ku musozi, kandi ntibazatwarwa. Mu mirambo, abazamuka bashingiye ku nzira.
Buri kuzamuka kwamazi byangiza bidasubirwaho ibidukikije. Abazamuka batwika ibiti gushyuha. Kureka extreta.
Muri Everest, hariho igitagangurirwa, kuko gusa bashobora kubaho kuri m 6700 hejuru yinyanja. Ku muntu, ntabwo ari akaga.
Muri 2014, umukobwa w'imyaka 13 wa Purna Malawat yazamutse kuri Jomolungma. Yashyize inyandiko ifite fagitire yimyaka 72.
Hejuru yumusozi muremure kwisi "Gufata" Twitter. Muri 2011, Kenton Kul Climber yashyize Tweets no guhimbaza ko muri ako kanya kari kuri Everest.
Miliyoni 400 ishize Hejuru Everest yari munsi yinyanja. Iracyabona marine ya Petrine.
Kugirango ukize umusozi wanduye, imbaraga za Nepal zashyizeho itegeko ko buri muntu watsinze hejuru azana hamwe na kg 8 yimyanda cyangwa yishyura ibihumbi 4.
Umusozi Everes washinzwe imyaka 60 ishize.