Ubuzima
Vasily Suikov numuhanzi wu Burusiya, Umwanditsi w'ibishushanyo "Boyajna Morozova", "Steptan Strotzka". Umuhanzi w'Uburusiya Susily Susilov yavukiye i Krasnoyarsk. Abavandimwe bari mu ishuri rya cossack. Umwe muri bo yari Atman na Respeck ya Yenisei Cospent. Ivan Vasilyevich Surikov, se wumuhanzi, yakoraga na Gerefiye ya kaminuza. Praskovya Fedorovna torgushina, Mama, yagenze umugore wo mu rugo.
Iyo Surikov yujuje imyaka 8, umuryango wimutse kuri Buzimu yumye yubutaka bwa Krasnoyarsk. Umusore yahawe ishuri rya paruwasi mu itorero ryubuzima bwose. Nyuma, yinjiye mu ishuri ry'intara, asiga ababyeyi mu karere ka Krasnoyarsk. Umwaka umwe, Data yarapfuye, kubera igituntu. Nyina ntiyasohotse, ku buryo umugore akoranya abana asubira i Krasnoyarsk.
Umuryango muri iyo myaka yari afite inzu yamagorofa abiri. Kubera kubura amafaranga Praskovia Fedorovna, yahisemo gukodesha igorofa ya kabiri yo gukodesha, kugirango yinjize. Gukunda gushushanya muri Surikova byagaragaye mubana bato. Tugarutse mu ishuri ry'akarere ka Krasnoyarsk, Vasily Ivanovich yatangiye kwiga amasomo. Umwarimu wa mbere yatumiye Nikolai Vasilyevich grebnev.
Ishusho yambere yerekana ko Surikov yanditse mu 1862. Byari umurimo wakozwe namazi. Umwangavu witwa igihangano "Rafts kuri Yenisei." Noneho canvas iherereye muri inzu ndangamurage-manor v. Surikov muri Krasnoyarsk. Kugira imyitozo yuzuye, umusore azajya muri serivisi mubuyobozi bwintara. Vasily ivanovich yabonye umurimo wumwanditsi. Kubwamahirwe, andi masomo ntiyari afite ubushobozi n'umuryango wa kosayov, wabayeho mu buryo bworoheje nyuma y'urupfu rwa Data.
Ibishushanyo by'Umuhanzi bimaze kubona guverineri ya Yenisei wa P.N. Jamay. Bitewe n'imbaraga z'umuyobozi ku mwanditsi w'ikihanga, Patron yagaragaye, yishyuye amahugurwa ya Surikiv ku ishuri ry'ubuhanzi. Kugerageza kwambere kwinjiza ishuri byarananiranye, ariko Vasily Ivanovich ntabwo yihebye. Yatsinze amasomo ashushanya ku ishuri rya St. Petersburg rya Sosiyete igamije guteza imbere abahanzi.
Mu gihe cyizuba, arengana ibizamini kuri Academy yubuhanzi, yabaye isohozwa. Undi mwaka byasabye ko umusore ufite impano yahinduwe mu itsinda rikuru. Surikov yabaye umunyeshuri w'umunyamwete wa P.P. Isuku. Kumyaka 6 yo kwiga umusore yahaye imidari nibihembo byamafaranga. Vasily ivanovich yakoraga byinshi kuruta guhimba. Kubera iyo mpamvu, abanyeshuri bita uwahimbye Surikov.
Gushushanya
Ubuzima bwo guhanga bwumuhanzi bwatangiye hamwe nakazi "kubona urwibutso rwa Peter Jye kuri Squana Square i St. Petersburg." Ishusho ya Surikov yanditse mu 1870, hanyuma nyuma yo kugurisha P.I. Kuznetsov. Igishimishije, verisiyo yambere ya canvas ubu iherereye mu nzu ndangamurage ya Krasnoyarsk, ihabwa izina rya Vasily Ivanovich.
Nyuma yimyaka 4, Surikikov yagiye gusura Kuznetsov, kuri Primers ya zahabu iherereye i Khakassia. Murakoze guhindura uko ibintu bimeze, Umusamariya w'Imbabazi "yavutse. Igikorwa cyabaye impano ya nyirayo ikaze, ariko yavuze ko canvas na kontiste. Vasily ivanovich yashyikirijwe umudari muto wa zahabu.
Amashusho yo gutumiza ntabwo yashishikarije umuhanzi, nuko Surikikov yanze akazi nkako. Ariko nk'ishingiro, ayo mashusho yafashe buri gihe. Mubikorwa bya Vasily Ivanovich nibishushanyo mbonera bya gitari ya gitari ya Moscou F. F. Peltsky.
Kimwe mu bishushanyo bishyikirizwa isubiramo rusange muri Trestakov gallery. Surikov yemeye ko ishyaka ryumuziki, cyane cyane opera, ryafashijwe muguhangana. Byongeye kandi, umuhanzi yize gucuranga gitari kuri Peletsky.
Igihe cyo kuvuza ibirwano bibaho. "Igitondo cyizubahissing" Vasily Ivanovich yanditse imyaka irenga 3. Iyi shusho yabaye isi kwisi yishusho nini. Ibisubizo byimyaka myinshi yumurimo ni ukushyiramo imurikagurisha rya mobile muri iryo shyirahamwe.
Kugira ngo habeho iterambere rya fuikov, kujya mu rugendo rw'amahanga. Ariko kubura amafaranga ntabwo byatumye umuhanzi ahita ajya mumuhanda. Gukemura ibibazo byumubiri, Vasily Ivanovich yagurishijwe P.M. Gushushanya Tretyakov "Menshikov i Berezov". Ndabikoze, umwanditsi wa canvas yasuye Ubutaliyani, Ubudage na Otirishiya, abahohotewe bafatwaga canvas ya ba shebuja bamenyekanye, baherereye i Louvre na Dreden Galery.
Mu 1881, Surikikov yatangiye gukora ku ishusho "Boyruny Morozov". Gukunda ibihimbano byateje ko imirimo yose yatangiye hamwe nigishushanyo. Rimwe na rimwe, Vasily Ivanovich yasabwaga imyaka myinshi yo gukora igishushanyo mbonera. Gusa nyuma yuko shebuja yabishyize ku mwenda.
Imiterere yumuhungu yafashe parikiv nyuma yinkuru ya Nyirasenge Olga Matveyevna Durandina. Ariko umurimo ntiwahagaritswe igihe kirekire kubera kubura ubwoko busabwa. Na mbere ya IVanovich, andi nyirasenge agaragara - Avdata VasilEevna Torgushin.
Abambere basuzumye Marozov "Boyarynnya Morozov" bashoboye gusura imurikagurisha rya XV Mobile, ryabaye mu 1887. Ako kanya, Surikilov yimukiye mu cyi i Krasnoyarsk. Umuhanzi abona inspiration muri eclipse yizuba, yabaye ku ya 8 Kanama. Noneho urashobora kureba etude mububiko bwa Tver.
Amashusho yerekana ko yashimye cyane na Surikov, ariko mu 1887 habaye ubutegetsi bushingiye ku bitekerezo by'Umuremyi. Umugabo yafashe nyina ku chanvas, nyuma "murumuna wanjye" yaragaragaye. Nyuma y'urupfu rw'uwo mwashakanye, mu 1888, Vasily Ivanovich kandi abana bimukiye mumezi menshi muri Krasnoyarsk ye, aho yatangiye gukora ishusho "afata umujyi wa shelegi". Akazi karangiye numwanditsi mumyaka ibiri.
Surimov kuri canvas yimuwe mubuzima. Byabaye hamwe nakazi. Ishusho yerekana umukino umwe. Igitekerezo cyo kurema ni urw'umuvandimwe muto, uwo ari we Vasily Ivanovich yerekanaga i Koshev. Nyuma, impuguke zashyizwe ku murimo wa Surikov kandi uhabwa urubuga umudari w'izina. Ibi birori byabereye mu imurikagurisha mpuzamahanga i Paris.
Vasily ivanovich yagiye muri Siberiya, aho tuziranye n'ubuzima bwa Vogulov, Khakasov, OstYov, OstYov yabaye. Kwiga ubuzima bw'abantu byatumye hashyirwaho ifoto "gutsinda Siberiya Yermak Timofeevich." Akazi karashe umucyo, karangiye mu 1895. Rero, Surikilov yakoze kurubuga muri Siberiya, ku ruzi rwa Obisi, kuri Don.
Amaze gusubira i Krasnoyarsk, umuhanzi avuka mu gitekerezo cyo kwandika "Suvov anyuze muri Alpes." Ishusho yumugabo wumusirikare ufite Vasily Ivanovich yanditse kumukozi wizabukuru f.f. Spiridonova. Umugabo yakoraga kumuryango wa pedigree wa Surikiv. Nyuma yimyaka itatu, etide yavutse, ariko benshi babonye muri yo atari spiridonov, ariko mwarimu wa Gymethnasian Grigory Nikolayevich Smirnova. Nyuma, Surikilov yagiye mu Busuwisi kubera kwandika ibishushanyo.
Kumyaka-yimyaka ishaje yo kugenda mu Butaliyani, Suvov Vasily Ivanovich yerekana ishusho yarangiye. Canvas yagaragaye i Moscou na St. Petersburg, hanyuma yagiye mu cyegerasi cy'ubwami.
Gushushanya Sukokova "Itumba i Moscou" byashyizweho imyaka itatu. Byarangiye ku mugaragaro akazi kari mu 1887, mbere gato yuko habaho ibitekerezo bya Ivanovich yo kurema Idil "Stenetan Razin". Mu myaka hafi 3, umuhanzi yanditse EtIdes muri Siberiya no kuri Don, ashakisha prototype.
Muri iki gihe, Surikilov yari afite andi mashusho. Mu 1901, shebuja yahuye na Krasnoyarsk Bunts, aho abakurambere ba Vasily ivanovich bitabiriye. Yahumekewe niki gihe, umuhanzi yaremye Krasnoyarsk yambaye umwenda 1865. Mu 1907, Surikov ikubiyemo abahanzi b'Abarusiya mu ihuriro, ariko icyarimwe Vasily ivanovich basize ishimwe rya firime.
Umugabo utega amatwi opera asoma ibitabo. Nyuma yo kumenyera "ubuzima bwo murugo bwikinyejana cya Xvi-Xvii", ubwanditsi bwa Rabelina mu mutwe wa Surikov havuga igitekerezo cyo gukora ishusho y "Uruzinduko rw'abagore b'abagore". Vasily ivanovich yahumetswe nibi mumashusho yuzukuru.
Urugendo ku kiyaga cya Shira Surikikov kwakira ifoto "Prijen Olga ahura n'umubiri w'umuganwa Igor, yishwe n'umusozi." Kubwamahirwe, iki gikorwa cyagumye gusa igitekerezo cyumwanditsi.
Mu ruziga rw'amasomo, guhanga visily ivanovich yateje kunegura gukabije. Masters ntabwo yumvise "kwisubiraho" ibihimbano, byasize isura kuri canvas. Ariko mu mpuguke Hariho abantu bagereranije imigambi yubuhanzi ya Surikov. Abaremye bigezweho barashobora kwiga amashusho na Vasily Ivanovich ku ifoto n'abayis.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Kuva kera, Susily Susilov yarebye umwuzukuru wurushuro Svistunov. Umukobwa mwiza ufite amaso manini yiswe Elizabeth Augusn Bowl. Umuhanzi ntashobora kurwanya ubwiza bwa Madamu, ku ya 25 Mutarama 1878, urubyiruko rwashyize umukono ku ishyingiranwa. Muri uwo mwaka, abashakanye bavutse mu mukobwa Olga, maze mu myaka ibiri - Elena. Umuhanzi ufite impano hamwe ningoro ndangamurage yabaga mu nzu nto iherereye kuri Zubovsky Boulevard.
Ibyishimo byabaye igihe gito. Nyuma yimyaka 10, Elizabeth Augustus apfuye gitunguranye. Umugabo yishwe n'agahinda yahoraga asurwa n'uwo bashakanye mu irimbi, bateje guhanga. Icyifuzo cyo gukora cyagiye kuri Surikov. Ariko igihe kimwe, amashusho yasubijwe muri Ivanovich yongeye.
Umukobwa wa OK yahaye se wa Gravelleughter Nataliya Konchalovskaya. Na none, umukobwa yibarutse abantu babiri bazwi mu Burusiya bwa kitari - Umuyobozi wa Filime na Scei Konchalovsky n'umuyobozi Nikita Mikhalkov.
Urupfu
Ubuzima bwa Vasily Ivanovich Surikov arangije inzira yubuzima yasize byinshi kugirango bifuze. Nubwo bimeze, umuhanzi yoherejwe hamwe na P.p. Konchalovsky muri Espagne, gushakisha inspiration yo guhanga. Muri icyo gihe, imiryango y'ishuri ryo gushushanya yafunguwe muri Krasnoyarsk. Kugereranya kwa Surikova byakomeje kuba bibi, ariko umuhanzi ava murugo kugirango ashinge ahantu nyaburanga.
Umwaka umwe, kubera kwangirika kwa Ivanovich, guhatirwa kujya muri Crimée, kugirango tuvurwe. Muri Werurwe 1916, uruziga rw'ubuhanzi rwahunze amakuru ateye ubwoba - indwara ya Ischemic yangije parikiv ifite impano. Imva yumuhanzi w'Uburusiya iri hafi y'aho bashakanye, ku irimbi rya Vagankovsky. Kwibuka Susikov Susilov mu 1959, filime yamateka yakuweho.
Akazi
- 1876 - "Reba Kremlin"
- 1881 - "Igitondo Cperleatzka"
- 1884 - "Venise. Katedrali ya Mutagatifu Mark
- 1887 - "Gutinya Morozova"
- 1891 - "Gufata Umujyi wa shelegi"
- 1895 - "Gutsinda Ermacom ya Siberiya"
- 1899 - "Inzibacyuho Subvorov Binyuze kuri Alpes"
- 1900 - "Steptan Razin"
- 1908 - "Crimée. Ai-petri
- 1910 - "Umukobwa ufite braid"
- 1910 - "Seville. Alcazar "