Ubuzima
Hamwe nishusho ya edward minka "creek" ubu zimenyereye cyane kuruta ubuzima bwumuhanzi wa Noruveje. Ubuzima bwe, bwijimye kandi burababaza, bwuzuye urupfu, indwara zo mu mutwe, gutenguha. Izuba rirenze iminsi, ubwicanyi bwa Edward bwasize inyandiko muri Diary:"Indwara, ubusazi n'urupfu byari abamarayika b'abirabura baguruka mu rugamba rwanjye kugira ngo mpaherekeza mu buzima."Mu bwana n'urubyiruko
Edward yavutse ku ya 12 Ukuboza 1863 mu mujyi wa Löthen mu muryango wa Christian Mink na Laura Katrina bjölstad. Umuhungu yari afite mukuru wa Yuhanna Sofiya na babiri bato - iGer na Laura, kimwe na umuvandimwe Andreas. Ubwana bwumuhanzi buzaza bwari mu kwambuka: igice kubera umwuga wumukristo - umuganga wa gisirikare, igice mugushakisha amazu ahendutse.
Nubwo umuryango wa Mug wabayeho nabi, abantu bahanga bahanga barutwaye ubwoko bwabo. Noneho, mwene wabo wa kure yari umuhanzi Yakobo aricu. Sogokuru ya Edward yibutse isi nk'umubwiriza w'igihangana, kandi umuvandimwe w'umukristu, Peter Andreas - umuhanga mu by'amateka w'indashyikirwa.
Igihe Edward gake yujuje imyaka 5, nyina yapfuye azize igituntu, maze umurima ajyana mushiki we Karen. Umukristo, kuba umunyamadini, nyuma y'urupfu rw'uwo mwashakanye yaguye mu bufanarike. Yabwiye abahungu be n'abakobwa be ba filime y'amateka ya Helian, kandi inzozi zijoro zirota iyi edward. Guhunga iyerekwa rihungabanya, umuhungu yashushanyije. Bimaze rero ibishushanyo bye.
Mu 1877, mukuru mukuru Edward, Sofiya yapfuye azize igituntu. Umusore yari hafi ye, nuko ahita abura cyane. Ibibabaje nimpamvu yo gutenguha mu kwizera. Muri diary, Ruki yibukije ko Data "yagiye inyuma asohoka mu cyumba, asenga asenga," ariko ntiyafashije umukobwa gukira. Iminsi ingana na mushiki wawe ugiye gupfa nyuma yerekana amashusho "umukobwa urwaye" na "isoko".
Indwara Hari ukuntu yakurikiranye umuryango wa Mugn. Nyuma gato y'urupfu rwa Sophie, undi mushikiwabo Edward, Laura, yatangiye kwitwara bidasanzwe. Akenshi yari afite impungenge, yazindutse hysteries, yicara atuje muyindi minsi kandi nta muntu n'umwe yavuganaga. Bamusanganye na Schizofrenia.
Christian yabonye mu Mwana wa injeniyeri, mu 1879, afite imyaka 16, Edward yinjiye muri kaminuza tekinike. Byatanzwe byoroshye, chimie n'imibare. Nubwo yatsinze, nyuma yumwaka umwe, umusore yirukanwe, ahitamo kuba umuhanzi. Gutangira kwa so umuhungu ntabwo byashyigikiye: Yafatwaga nkigikorwa cyo guhanga nabi. Nubwo imyigaragambyo, mu 1881, abaringito bato binjiye mwishuri ryami bashushanya muri Oslo.
Mu 1883, izina rya Edward Minka ntibumvise bwa mbere muri societe ya Noruveje. Nka mbere yo guhanga, imvugo yatanzwe "itazi." Kuva iyi yatangiye gushiraho umuhanzi ukomeye.
Gushushanya
Mu myaka yakurikiyeho, Munk yitabiriwe inshuro nyinshi mu imurikagurisha, ariko umurimo we wazimiye mu mucyo w'igicucu n'amazina y'amazina y'abahanzi. Mu 1886, Edward yerekanye umutima uhenze "umukobwa wihangana" kandi yakiriye isubiramo ribi. Iri suzuma ryagaragaye muri kimwe mu binyamakuru byaho:
Ati: "Serivise nziza urashobora guhindura Edward Munka, biracecetse kunyura kumashusho ye. Amashusho ya Musk yagabanije cyane urwego rw'imurikagurisha. "Impamvu yo kunegura niyo mirimo igaragara yakazi kandi igaragara. Umuhanzi ukiri muto uregwa ko atezimbere tekinike no gutera imbere.
Kandi munch ifatwa nk '"umukobwa urwaye" hamwe n'intambwe ye. Nkicyitegererezo, yashyizeho Bessey w'imyaka 11 y'amavuko. Igihe kimwe yahindukiriye Se wa Edward kugira ngo amufashe - murumuna we yamennye ukuguru. Umukobwa yarishimye cyane kandi meza afite amaso ashushanyije ko amarangi akiri muto yamusabye kuba umuhigo.
Nyuma y'abanenga bikomeye, Edward yaretse kuba abikuye ku mutima, igishushanyo cye kidashoboka na Choporn. Umwaka umwe, mu 1889, yagerageje kongera kuvuga ibya mushiki wawe ku ishusho "isoko". Kurema, Munk yakoze imvugo: Urashobora kubona uburyo umwenda utokwa, kandi wumve urumuri rwizuba, gusuka mu idirishya.
Kuri canvas yumunsi wizuba irwanywa nikirere kiremereye, iganje mucyumba. Umukobwa wumusatsi utukura, yegamiye umusego, ureba umukecuru ufite ububabare, mumaboko ye imiti. Nta majwi meza yambaye imyenda, ahubwo isa nicyunamo cyicyunamo. Byumvikane ko bidatinze urupfu ruzabagana.
Mu mpera za 1889, igihe Punch yagiye kwiga i Paris, yakiriye amakuru y'urupfu rwa se. Umuhanzi yaguye mu bwihebe, yamennye ihuza n'inshuti. Ibi birori byabaye imwe murufunguzo mubikorwa bya imvugo. Yanditse icyo gihe muri poary:
Ati: "Ntihakagombye kuba kurushaho kwandika abasoza basoma abantu no guhambira abagore. Bazasimburwa nabantu nyabo bahumeka kandi bakumva, bakunda kandi bakababara ... ".Kwibuka se Edward yanditse ishusho "ijoro ku mahame ya San". Mu nzu, yuzuye urumuri nijoro, idirishya ryicaye ku mugabo. Abahanga mu by'amateka y'ubuhanzi bugezweho bareba muri iyi shusho ya Mug, kandi se ategereje gupfa.
Yagarutse mu gihugu cye, Umuhanzi yatangiye akazi ku kuzenguruka imirimo, nyuma yakiriye izina "ifiriti y'ubuzima: ubuzima bwerekeye urukundo, ubuzima n'urupfu." Muri yo, umwiherero washakaga kwerekana ibyiciro byo gushinga umuntu - kuva avuka kugeza gupfa. Uruziga rurimo imirimo y'ingenzi: "Madonna", "creek", "imbyino ubuzima", "ivu". Total 22 ibicapo, kugabanywamo amatsinda ane: "Ivuka rya urukundo", "bariyongera kandi rirenze urukundo", "Gutinya ubuzima" n ' "urupfu".
Yashyizwe muri "ifeza yubuzima" nishusho "umubabaro" 1881. Abakenguzamateka ntibamwemera bishimye, ariko, bavuze ko Runk yabonye uburyo bwe - umurongo wacyo, uburyo bworoshye kandi twigishije imirimo yose. Inzize zuzuye zatangijwe bwa mbere mu 1902.
Mubikorwa bya Edward Minka, nta mashusho ijana, ariko "kurira" byabaye ibyamamare muribo. Mu gitabo gisanzwe, ibiremwa byumuntu bigaragarira kuri yo, ikirere gishushanyijeho igicucu cya orange-gitukura. Creek, yahunze umunwa wa assulded wa muntu, nk'aho guhondagura ahantu hazengurutse. Indi mibare ibiri iragaragara inyuma. Muri Diary ye, Munk yaranditse ati:
"Nagendeye mu nzira n'inshuti ebyiri, izuba ryarabaye, ikirere cyahindutse ikirere - umutuku, nahagaritse kunanirwa, no kugenda ku ndimi n'indimi z'ubururu-umukara Fjord Umujyi, inshuti zanjye zagiye kure, ndahagarara, mvuka uhinda umushyitsi, numva kurira ubuziraherezo, gutobora. "Mu rwego rw'ibyo yabonye mu 1892, Umuhanzi yanditse ishusho "kwiheba". Kuriyo, aho kuba ikiremwa rusange, umugabo agaragara mu ngofero. Umwaka umwe, umwijima washushanyije pastel ya jolleid, hanyuma uyisiga amavuta. Nyuma, ibindi byinshi byongewe kuri iyi verisiyo. By'umwihariko ni ishusho yo mu 1893, ibitswe mu nzu ndangamurage y'igihugu i Oslo.
Abahanga mu by'amateka y'ubuhanzi basanze aho Edward yashoboraga kubona ishusho. Birashimishije kuba mbere hafi y'ahantu haha hantu hawe ubu bwicanyi bunini muri Oslo n'ibitaro byo mu mutwe. Umushakashatsi wo guhanga Musick yavuze:
"Bavuze ko induru y'inyamaswa zatsinze ibitego, ivanze n'induru y'abarwayi barwaye mu mutwe, ntibyari byiza."Kubwibyo birashoboka, "kurira bitagira akagero, gutobora".
1894 haranzwe no kugaragara mu mirimo ibiri - "kwera" n '"mukobwa n'urupfu". Ibishushanyo byombi bihuza fenomena. Rero, muri "Gukura" hejuru yabato, byoroshye, igicucu cyirabura, giteye ubwoba, cyatewe ubwoba nubwana bwe, cyateye ubwoba.
Mubikorwa by '"umukobwa nurupfu", ubwiza bukomeye bwo gusomana skeletal urupfu, mumufate nkinshuti nziza. Kutavuga rumwe nkurwa biranga kijyambere.
Munk yaremye amashusho muburyo butandukanye: Portrait, ahantu nyaburanga, biracyari ubuzima. Mu gihe cyashize, akazi ke kahindutse ikinyabupfura, kandi ibibanza biroroshye. Abahinzi n'imirima bagaragaye kuri Canvase.
Ubuzima Bwihariye
Munk wa Edward ntabwo yarubatse kandi nta mwana yari afite, ariko azwi hafi 3 mu mashusho ye.
Mu 1885, yahuye na Millie Taulov. Umukobwa yarashatse, ntabwo rero yita ku musore, ariko ntiyanga kuba yarabyanze. Edward yavuze neza urukundo: Kugira ngo uhindure igitabo hamwe numugore wubatse bigamije kwambuka inzitizi zose z'amadini. Ntabakira rero kwisubiraho muri Millie, Punch yanze kubitsinda.
Mu 1892, umuhanzi yamenyereye Stanisshev Psybyshevsky, inkingi, ubwenegihugu, n'umugore we uzaza Dagney Yul. Umukobwa abaye mug kuri Mulka, yakoresheje inshuro nyinshi ishusho ye mumashusho. Abashakashatsi bemera amahirwe ko hari isano y'urukundo hagati y'urubyiruko.
Birababaje cyane ni igitabo gifite ibikoresho (Matilda) Larsen, byatangiye mu 1898. Ubwa mbere, imibanire yabo yari myiza, noneho umugore atangira guhanga cyane no guhangayika. Mu 1902, yumvaga ubukonje bw'umuhemu kandi akabangamiye. Ubwoba, Edward yaje aho amusanga.
Nyuma y'iminsi mike, intonganya zabaye hagati yabo, kubera urutoki rwarashe ukuboko. Dukurikije verisiyo isanzwe, Tulla yashakaga kurasa, kandi umuhanzi mugerageza kunyaga revolver gukanda kuri trigger. Umugabo yari mu bitaro, kandi kuri iyi sano yarangiye.
Kugeza gupfa mu buzima bwite bwa Mukka, umugore ukunda ntiyagaragaye.
Urupfu
Umuhanzi yari afite ubuzima budakomeye, ariko, mu 1918, icyesipanyoli kirakabije, cyangirika abantu babarirwa muri za miriyoni. Mu 1930, hafi impumyi kubera kuva amaraso mu mubiri wa Vitreous w'ijisho ry'iburyo, ariko ntibyigeze bareka gushushanya.
Ukwezi kumwe nyuma yimyaka 80, mu 1944, umuhanzi yarapfuye. Ifoto ye ya nyuma ayakwa mu nzu ndangamurage ya Minka muri Oslo.
Nyuma y'urupfu rwa rupfumu, amashusho yose yimuriwe muri Leta. Ibihumbi n'ibihumbi by'amavuta n'ibishushanyo muri iki gihe bigize intanga nkuru yo kwerekana inzu ndangamurage ya mink.
Kuvuga umuhanzi uboneka mubitabo na firime. Noneho, mu 1974, film "Edward Munk", ivuga imyaka yo gushiraho imvugo.
Gushushanya
- 1886 - "Umukobwa urwaye"
- 1892 - "Kwiheba"
- 1893 - "Creek"
- 1893 - "Urupfu mucyumba cy'umurwayi"
- 1894 - "Madonna"
- 1894 - "SIDEL"
- 1895 - "Vampire"
- 1895 - "Ishyari"
- 1896 - "Ijwi" ("Ijoro ryimpeshyi")
- 1897 - "Gusomana"
- 1900 - "Imbyino zubuzima"
- 1902 - "Imyaka ine mu buzima"
- 1908 - "Kwishushanya-Kurwanya Ijuru ry'ubururu"
- 1915 - "Mu bimenyetso bipfa" ("umuriro")
- 1919 - "Kwishushanya-Igishushanyo Nyuma Yibicurane bya Espagne"