Amateka y'inyuguti
Nikolai Senonovich Leskov yanditse inkuru "yarongewe inzererezi" mu gice cya kabiri cy'ikinyejana cya 19. Ishusho yimico nyamukuru yabaye indege ya Ivan, isobanura umuntu woroshye wu Burusiya. Imiterere yacyo ifite ibintu nyamukuru biranga imitekerereze nubushyuhe bwabantu.Amateka yo Kurema
Akazi ka Nicholas Leskov kasuzuguwe no mu gihe gikwiye. Abakenguzamateka bakunze gusiga irangi ryanditse. Umwanditsi ntiyansabye ko yubahiriza imigenzo y'ibitabo by'Uburusiya ndetse n'abasomyi bakomeye. Ururimi rwa Leskova rutangaje rwose. Ibibanza byaremwe nabo mubujyakuzimu bwikinamico ntabwo biri munsi yigitabo cya Dostoevy na Tolstoy. Inkuru "yashimishije inzererezi" yerekana imico myinshi ifite ibyago bitoroshye.
Akazi kanditswe mu 1873. Ku kiremwa cye cy'umwanditsi yahumekeye urugendo rwo muri Ladoga, Karelia na Valaam. Umwanditsi yasuye ikigo cy'abihaye Imana kandi agaragaza ku buzima bw'abakiranutsi. Kuri iyi ngingo, yasuwe nigitekerezo cyo kwandika umurimo kubyerekeye BogaTeri-legeel. Izina rya mbere ryari "Chernozem Telemak". Umwamamaji, kubitabo uwanditse yarabazwe, yanze gufata inkuru. Ikinyamakuru "Uburusiya Isi" Ubwumvikane, ariko izina ryagombaga guhinduka kugeza "kunyerera bishimishije."
Umwanditsi yerekana imiterere yuburusiya yimiterere, bidashoboka kwitwa icyifuzo kubasomyi. Kamere ivuguruzanya, kwihuta mu buryo bukabije, ni ibisobanuro nyabyo byintwari yacitse intege. Umugabo agaragaza ineza n'uburemere, ubworoherane n'amayeri, umwuka wo mu busike n'ubujurire. Ivan Flygin irashoboye kurasa, ariko mubihe bigoye biza ubufasha bakeneye ubufasha. Ngiyo nubugingo bugari bwu Burusiya butazi imipaka n'imbibi.
Mu mutwe nta mpanuka, Epithet "irashimishije" iragaragara. Yongeraho imiterere y'ibisigo. Umwanditsi yahaye Intwari y'intwari, arota kandi atangaza, atangaza ... azira abantu be kavukire binyuze muri we.
Umugani "Kuronderera Wanderer"
Umwihariko wa Ivan Norhanych nuko bishimishwa nubumaji bwubuzima. Ibintu byose bimubaho, Flackene azubaka nkugena Imana nigitangaza. Nta ntego yihariye yo kubaho, nuko ashushanya ubuzima, yishimira kwigaragaza. Ubuzima bw'intwari buragoye, ariko, bugaragara buri gihe ahantu hashya, arabona ko ari uburyo bwo kumenya isi, kandi ntabwo ari uguhindura ibikorwa.
Kugaragara biranga umuntu uhari byerekana ko Ivan FlyIn FlyIn na Ilya Muromets bafite ibintu bisa. Ku maso yumugabo ntarenze imyaka mirongo itanu. Uburebure bukomeye, isura nziza-yatekerejweho, umusatsi muremure wumushatsi utuma isura ye nziza kandi ikomeye, yibutsa amashusho yintwari epic. Ibendera ryambara no kwikuramo umukara.
Byoroheje kandi byubugingo, intwari yari yoroshye ahantu hose, ariko ntiyatinze kuva kera. Ubushakashatsi bwe bw'iteka bw'umusifuzi buvuga ko bidafite ishingiro n'uburangare. Umugabo yerekanye inshuro nyinshi impande nziza yimiterere, gukiza umuryango wa K. Guyana no kuba indahemuka no kuba indahemuka byerekanaga ivan mumibanire nimiganwa namapera. Yerekanye imico imwe, akorera umubyimba wumukobwa wa Barski. Intwari irihuta yo kugerageza ubuzima, reba ibishoboka kandi ubyumva byibuze. Kubwibyo, yiyeguriye ubushake bwubuzima, kandi ayoboka akurikiza icyerekezo gisaba.
Ibendera ntigomba gufatwa nkintege nke kandi zirasa. Umugabo afata iherezo nta gikwiye. Akenshi ntabwo azi impamvu ikemera iki cyangwa icyo cyemezo, ariko ikora ibikorwa, yibanda ku bushine. IVAN yemera Imana, bityo urupfu akenshi rurenga ku ruhande rw'umuntu. Intwari ntatinya urupfu, kandi ibanga ryo kwituburira ibibi. Gufata amafarasi hejuru yimvura, arakomeza kutagira ubwoba. Gypsy amukiza mu bujura. Kugira mu bunyage bwa tatars, umugabo yiruka mu kibaya. Ibendera risa nkaho kurinda imbaraga nyinshi, no kurugamba, intwari ikarenga intwari.
Umukino nurupfu Ivan Norhanych asobanura ibyaha byinshi. Yamenye ko yaguye mu buzima, ariko yategereje ko apfa, ariko ntiyaza. Flygin yizeye ko urupfu rudashaka kubifata. Gypsy Pear, Tatar, umumonaki wishwe numugabo, ntukemere kureka ibyaha. Yasize inshingano, asiga abana be gutera imbere.
Birasa nkaho Flaskin ari umugizi wa nabi, ariko ntiyagiye mubikorwa bibi bituruka kwihorera cyangwa inyungu. Umuhungu utoboye yapfuye kubera amakosa y'impanuka, maze Tatarin yahaye Imana ku ntambara inyangamugayo n'abakire. Urupfu rw'amapera rwabaye ku mutimanama wa Nigshanica nta mpanuka. Ibyo ari byo byose, umukobwa yagenewe gupfa. Flaskin yabaye umuyobozi wacyo mu isi itandukanye, amaze gufata umutwaro uremereye wo kwiyahura no kuzigama kwiyahura. Ntabwo yatsinze ikizamini cyurukundo cyasabwe.
Arasaba imbabazi n'Imana kubwinzira yubuzima. Intwari ni Umuremyi w'idini rye n'indangagaciro. Kuba inyangamugayo biracyakomeza kuba ubuntu. Umugabo avuga ibyateganijwe nta rusaku. Gushyikirana na bagenzi bagenzi bawe, bigaragara ko byoroshye, bibaye ngombwa, aribuka uburwayi no kwiyemeza. Mu kurwanya ikibi, Ivan Tooryayanych ntabwo yihanganira akarengane. Kubwibyo, inyuma yinyoni yiyitisita yoroshye guca umurizo winjangwe.
Intwari yagiye mu zabagabo aho kuba abasore batifuzaga kurekura ababyeyi, cyane icyifuzo cye cyo gucungura ibyaha byabo, apfa kubantu kavukire. Mu myaka cumi n'itanu, yakoreye mu ngabo muri Caucase munsi yizina ryumuntu utazi. Ibyaha mumyaka bimaze gukambika kumugabo no mumizigo ikomeye. Benshi muribo babaye kubera imbaraga zidasanzwe n'imbaraga zintwari. Ibyiza bifatika byazimijwe kuri Ivan Ibibi. Muri icyo gihe, yatinyutse no gukunda igihugu.
Ibendera ryahawe imbaraga zumwuka. Intwari isobanurwa nkimico yicyizere ishoboye gukora nkuko ibintu bisaba. Yiteguye kurwanya ibimenyetso byibibi igihe icyo aricyo cyose. Nta mbogamizi ku mugabo, usibye amahame yatoranije.
Gukingira
Inkuru "yaromewe inzererezi" ntabwo ari umurimo uzwi cyane wa Nikolai Leskov. Abasomyi bazi neza umugambi wa "udakunda." Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, abashinzwe imirimo bashishikarizwa kurwanya imihindagurikire y'ikirere.
Mu 1963, umuyobozi Ivan Yermakov yakuyeho firime izina ryizina rimwe. Uruhare nyamukuru muri firime rwakinnye n'umuhanzi wa Soviet azwi cyane, Umukinnyi Alexandrinsky Theatre i St. Petersburg Alexander Sinon. Tatyana Doronin na Vladislav Stroelchik nabo bakinnye.
Mu 1990, umuyobozi Irina PEPEPYAYA yajuririye inkuru y'inkuru, gukuraho firime. Amakimbirane yimbere yimiterere nyamukuru niyo nsanganyamatsiko nyamukuru yinkuru. Mu ruhare rwa Ivan Fly Fly ,ni, Umukinnyi Alexander Mikhailov. Olga ostrumova, Lydia Vlajaev, Valery Nostezhev, Spartak Mishulin na Leonid ukuvlev, bitabiriye uwo mushinga.
Amagambo
Inkuru "yashimishije inzererezi" yashyizwe ubwenge buterwa nintwari, intwari zifite ubugingo bukomeye. Umwanditsi abishyira mu kanwa k'umuntu w'ingenzi:
"Kandi urabizi, ubwoko bw'inshuti: Ntuzigera wirengagiza umuntu uwo ari we wese, kuko ntawe ushobora kumenya icyo ishyaka ari imibabaro n'imibabaro."Igihe kirenze igihe, ivan flygin ikomera kuruta ubuzima bwubuzima. Ntabwo anyanyanya abantu kandi agerageza guha abantu bose gufasha abantu bose.
Mu nkuru, umurongo wurukundo usa nubucuti bubabaza. Imico nyamukuru ishima abagore n'amarangamutima ko bashoboye gutanga:
"Umugore muri byose ku isi, kuko azashyira mu bikorwa ibisebe nk'ibyo atigeze akiza ubwami bwose, kandi arashobora kumuva kumunota umwe."Birasa nkimbaraga z'umubiri zintwari yumwuka wicyuma. Afite ubwoko bwo kugaragarira mumaso yabandi. Mubyukuri, Flygin ntabwo itumva. Hamwe na buri gikorwa gishya cyasobanuwe numwanditsi, biragaragara:
"Na gato ntabwo ndi ibuye, ariko kimwe na byose, amagufwa n'umukungugu."