Harriet Bilecher-Stow - Chithunzi, chithunzi, moyo waumwini, chifukwa cha imfa, mabuku

Chiphunzitso

Harriet Bileal Stowe ndiye wolemba wa Enistlyler wa zaka za m'ma 1800 - The New The Bin "Hud of Alud Tom". Bukuli linapangitsa wolemba kukhala wolemera ndipo anayambitsa kukambirana koopsa ku America. Ofufuza angapo amati Abraham Lincoln adatchedwa wopachikidwa, adayamba mkazi yemwe wasintha mbiri ya United States.

Ubwana ndi Unyamata

Wolemba adabadwa m'chilimwe cha 1811 m'tauni ya Lichfield State of Conntectikut. Makolo adayitanitsa mtsikanayo, mwana wawo wachisanu ndi chiwiri, Elizabeti, m'mbuyomu anali ndi Harriet, anamwalira ali mwana.

M'zaka 5, mtolankhani wamtsogolo amasiye: Amayi a Roxan anamwalira. Abambo Lyman Becher adakwatirana nthawi zina ndipo kuwonjezera pa ana asanu ndi atatu, omwe adatsalira kwa mkazi woyamba, yemwe adatsalira kuchokera kwa mkazi woyamba, ali ndi olowa m'malo ena anayi.

Ikulungidwa kuchokera pazithunzi zapamwamba

Harriet waphunzira ku seminare ya akazi a Hartford, omwe adatsogozedwa ndi mlongo wake wamkulu - maphunziro aku America a Runter Becr. Bungwe la maphunziro linapatsa ana a chidziwitso chakuya masamu ndi mafilimu. Mnzanga wachichepere wa ku Bearker anali Sara a Wisis, yemwe panthawiyo adayamba wolemba komanso wolemba mabuku Fern.

Kumasulidwa, Arrigat anaphunzitsa ku seminare. Mu 1832, mtsikanayo anasamukira ku Cincinnati ndipo analowa m'chipinda cha salon "Chipcolon".

Moyo Wanu

Ali ndi zaka 24, a Harriet adakwatirana ndi mphunzitsi wa ku seminare, yomwe idatsogozedwa ndi Atate, - Rev. Calvina Elvis Stau. Womverayo adagawanitsa malingaliro owonera za mkazi wachichepere, zomwe, kuweruza ndi chithunzicho, kunali kokongola kwambiri, ndikulimbikitsa luso la mnzake.

Wolemba adatha chifukwa cha tsoka m'moyo wanu. Kuchokera kwa ana asanu ndi awiriwo asanabadwe Hariet, mayiyo adapulumuka kokha. Zina mwazomwe zimayambitsa kufa kwa mabuku - kolera ndi sepsis, ngozi. Mwana Frederick adasowa.

M'zaka za m'ma 70s, America adagwedeza chochititsa chidwi ndi mchimwene wake wa wolemba Henry Ward Bcher. Wachibale wa bukuli, pokhala mlaliki wodziwika, anasintha mkazi wake ndi bwenzi lake. Za zofatsayo zimalemba zolemba za ku Europe ku Europe George mchenga, koma cholinga chake chidaletsedwa ndi imfa ya wolemba ku France. Banja la Becher lidagawika, koma wolemba adachirikiza Henry ndikukhulupirira kusalakwa kwa m'bale wake.

Mabuku

Wotchinga wambiri bibliography ndiwapata zambiri ndipo akuphatikiza ndakatulo, nkhani, nkhani, nyimbo ndi ntchito mu mtundu wa osakhazikika. Mzimayi adafalitsa buku la geograph ndi zopereka za moyo waku Novo wa Novongalian, ku New rajenina a Tom ".

Polemba buku lalikulu la moyo wake, Arritiet anakankhira Lamulo loletsa kufota akapolo. Ndi Atate, ndipo mwamuna wa wolemba adathandiza mobwerezabwereza. Pakatikati pa "amalume a Tom Hut" - mbiri ya okalamba akhungu amdima aku America, mosemphana ndi zochitika za munthu wotsalira yemwe amamuthandiza omwe amakumana ndi mavuto. Cholinga cha bukulo ndikuwonetsa anthu a ku United States omwe akubwera ku Sordor yakumapeto kwa kapolo akumwera, ndikuitanira kumwera kwa mphukira.

Ikulungidwa kuchokera pazithunzi zapamwamba

Kwa nthawi yoyamba, ntchitoyi idasindikizidwa mu mtundu wa zofalitsa zingapo ku National Era nyuzipepala. Magazini yoyamba ya bukuli idalekanitsidwa ndikufalikira kwa makope 300,000. Roman adayamba kutsutsidwa. Otsutsa omwe akuimbidwa mlandu wa Harriet modekha komanso kusazindikira kwa zinthu zakumwera kum'mwera. Mitundu ya "mabuku antimitime" idatsatiridwa - ntchito zomwe zimafotokoza zobzala za nthabwala zomwe zimathandiza pakusintha kwa ogwira ntchito akuda ku America. Poyankha zoneneza, wolembayo anatulutsa bukulo "chinsinsi cha" amalume a Tom ", akunena za mapangidwe a ngwazi.

Ndimafunitsitsa kudziwa kuti m'zaka za zana la 20 "layamba kale kutsutsa anthu aku Africa. Omenyera nkhondo akuda amdima kuti chitsimikiziro chimatsutsidwa kuti kudzichepetsa kwa munthu waukulu, "kusakana chiwawa choyipa." Dzina la Tom pakati pa anthu aku America a ku Africa akhala osankhidwa ndipo adapanga mtundu wopanda pake.

Zokambirana zakuthambo zinapangitsa kuti buku lina lomwe lizikhalapo. "Kukhazikitsa dyron". Ntchitoyi idayimbidwa mlandu wolemba Chingerezi mu chiwerewere komanso kusakhulupirika kwa mabanja.

Imfa

Pamapeto pa moyo wake, wolemba adadwala matenda a Alzheimer's. Pa zaka 77, Harriet anayambanso kulemba "amalume a Tom" pokhulupirira, zomwe zimawongolera cholembedwacho. M'malo mwake, bukuli lidakonzanso gawo lake lalikulu papepala.

Malinga ndi zifanizo za mnansiyo, Becrir-Stow Ask awiri, mayi wachikulireyo anakonda kuopseza okhala pakati, kuthamangitsa nyumba zawo mosasamala ndi kupanga nyama. Malingaliro a Harriet atasintha, mayiyo adasewera nyimbo za piyano.

Wolemba adamwalira m'zaka 85. Beker-stow waikidwa m'manda a Massachusetts a 40 pafupi ndi mwana wake wamwamuna Henry Ellis, womizidwa mu 1857.

M'bali

• 1834 - "Vessi ochokera ku moyo wa Novongasalia"
• 1852 - "Amalume Tom Hut"
• 1853 - "Chinsinsi cha" Ma Salm Tom "Hut" "
• 1856 - "Mantha, kapena nkhani yokhudza thambo lowonongeka"
• 1859 - "Mkwatibwi wa wansembe"
• 1862 - "Ngale ya Orr Island"
• 1869 - "Wokalamba wakale"
• 1870 - "Kulungamitsidwa kwa Lady Byroni"
• 1871 - "Tyrin-Tyrann Annny"
• 1871 - "Ine ndi mkazi wanga"
• 1872 - "Nkhani zakale ku Kamelki, yemwe amachita ndi Sam Louusn"
• 1881 - Ntchito ya Galu