Chiphunzitso
Omar Khayyam ndi wasayansi ndi wasayansi, wotchuka chifukwa cha ntchito zoterezi m'magawo monga mbiriyakale, masamu, zakuthambo, zakumwa, komanso kuphika. Anakhala wolemba chizindikiro m'mbiri ya Iran ndi chakum'mawa. Mwa zizunzidwe wamba (Analogue of the Ofunsira), kuponderezana kwa ofesa kocheperako ndipo munthu wamkulu wotere amagwira ntchito, mzimu waufulu womwe amalimbikitsa mbalika zaka mazana pambuyo pake. Muwunikire anthu, kuwalimbikitsa, kuwathandiza kupeza tanthauzo m'moyo - zonsezi zidachitika ndi Omar Hayyam kwa anthu ake kwa zaka zambiri, kukhala m'modzi mwa omwe amapanga zikhalidwe zachikhalidwe, pasayansi komanso asayansi asayansi ku Samartarnd.
Moyo wake unali wopindulitsa kwambiri, ndipo ndi zinthu zabwino kwambiri - pazomwe zimachitika motsutsana ndi zomwe Omar Khayam sanakhalepo. Pali lingaliro lachiwiri - kuti pansi pa Dzinalo pali anthu angapo, masamu, asayansi, anzeru ndi ndakatulo ndi ndakatulo. Zachidziwikire, kutsatira molondola zochitika za munthu yemwe adakhala zaka chikwi zapitazo, osati kovuta. Komabe, pali umboni kuti Omar Khayyam si nthano chabe, koma munthu yemwe alipo kwenikweni wokhala ndi luso labwino kwambiri, omwe amakhala zaka mazana angapo zapitazo.
Biograph yake imadziwikanso - ngakhale, siingathe kutsimikizira kulondola kwake.
Munthu adabadwa mu 1048 ku Iran. Banja la Omar linali langwiro komanso lamphamvu, bambo ndi agogo aamuna omwe anali ochokera ku mabanja akale a andende akale, motero panali ndalama m'banja komanso chuma. Kuyambira ndili mwana, mnyamatayo anasonyeza luso lapadera komanso maluso enanso, komanso luso lotere, chidwi, malingaliro ndi malingaliro.
Anaphunzira kumayambiriro kwambiri kuwerenga, kwa zaka zisanu ndi zitatu anawerenga mokwanira ndipo anaphunzira buku lopatulika la Asilamu - Korani. Omar adalandira maphunziro abwino kwa nthawi imeneyo, adakhala bwana wa Mawu ndipo adapanga bwino luso lakelo. Hudenyam adamvetsetsa bwino malamulo a mu Asilamu, omwe amadziwa malingaliro. Kuyambira achinyamatawo adadziwika ku Iran ndi wotsutsa wa Qur'on, motero adathandizidwa kuti athandize pakutanthauzidwa kwa zinthu zovuta komanso mizere.
Ali mwana, Khayam adataya abambo ndi amayi ake, modziyimira pawokha amaphunzitsanso zinthu zakale za masamu ndi filosofi, kugulitsa nyumba ndi zokambirana za makolo. Amayitanitsa bwalo la wolamulira, limalandira ntchito m'nyumba yachifumu ndipo zaka zambiri zimachita kafukufuku ndikuyamba kuwongolera moyang'aniridwa ndi munthu wamkulu ku Isfahan.
Ntchito Yasayansi
Omar Khayama sakhala pachabe wotchedwa wasayansi wapadera. Peru yake ili ndi ntchito zingapo zasayansi pamitu yosiyanasiyana. Anachititsa maphunziro azakuthambo, chifukwa chake amayambitsa kalendala yokwanira padziko lapansi. Adapanga dongosolo la chilengedwe chogwirizana ndi zomwe zidachitika pa zakuthambo, zomwe zidagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zakudya zopatsa thanzi za zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana za zodiac ndipo ngakhale adalemba maphikidwe okondweretsa komanso othandiza.
Khayama chidwi chachikulu ndi masamu, chidwi chake chinali chitawunika chiphunzitso cha Euclide, komanso chilengedwe cha wolemba wolemba wolemba kuti awerengere ndi zigawo za cubic. Anatsimikizira bwino maoroms, adatsogolera kuwerengera, adapanga gulu la equation. Ntchito zake zasayansi pa algebra ndi geometry zimayamikiridwabe kwambiri mu katswiri wasayansi. Ndipo kalendala yotukuka ikugwira iran.
Mabuku
Mbadwa za anapeza mabuku angapo ndi zolemba zolembedwa ndi Hidemam. Mpaka pano, sizikudziwika kuti Omar ndi wa iye. Chowonadi ndi chakuti zaka mazana ambiri atamwalira a Omar Khayama atamwalira, ma quatrains ambiri okhala ndi malingaliro a "kramol" adadziwika kuti ndi ndakatuloyi kuti apewe kulangidwa kwa olemba enieni. Chifukwa chake, anthu anali ndi ntchito ya ndakatulo yayikulu. Kulemba kwa Khayamu nthawi zambiri kumakwezedwa, koma zatsimikiziridwa kuti adalemba motsimikiza ntchito zopitilira 300 zomwe zili mwa ndakatulo.
Pakadali pano, dzina la Highthama limalumikizidwa ndi ma quatrains odzazidwa ndi tanthauzo lenileni, lomwe limatchedwa "rutai". Ntchito zamtunduwu zikuimira kumbuyo kwa ntchito ya nthawi yomwe ndimakhala ndikupanga Omar.
Kusiyana kwakukulu kwa zolembedwa zawo ndi kukhalapo kwa wolemba "Ine" - yemwe ndi wachivundi, yemwe ndi wachivundi, osachita chilichonse ngwazi, koma akuonetsa za moyo ndi tsoka. Khayamu, ntchito zolembalemba zidalembedwa za mafumu ndi ngwazi, osati za anthu wamba.
Wolemba amagwiritsanso ntchito mabuku omwe sanali achilendo - m'mavesi palibe mawu achifundo, mitundu yamakono yam'mawa ndi zongoganiza. M'malo mwake, wolemba amalemba chilankhulo chosavuta komanso otsika mtengo, amapanga malingaliro m'malingaliro omwe samadzaza ndi syntax kapena zowonjezera. Kuchenjera ndi kuwonekera - awa ndi mawonekedwe akuluakulu a KHyam, omwe amatsindika za ndakatulo zake.
Kukhala masamu, Omar amaganiza moyenera komanso mogwirizana mu ntchito zake mosasintha. Adalemba mitu yosiyanasiyana - m'malo mwake pali ndakatulo za chikondi, za Mulungu, za tsoka, za anthu wamba ndi malo a munthu wamba mmenemo.
Mawonedwe a Omar Khayama
Udindo waku Hivehama mogwirizana ndi malingaliro ofunikira a kum'mawa kwam'mawa anali osiyana kwambiri ndi zomwe ambiri adavomereza panthawiyo. Kukhala mwamuna wodziwika wotchuka wasayansi, sanamvetsetse kwambiri zomwe anthu sanamvetsetse kwambiri ndipo sanasamale mwamphamvu zomwe zikuchitika pafupi ndi kusinthaku ndi zochitika, zomwe zidamuletsa kwambiri zaka zomaliza za moyo.
Amulogy alowa ilthama - molimba mtima adafotokoza malingaliro ake osakhala osagwirizana, amalemekeza phindu la munthu wamba komanso kufunikira kwa zofuna zake ndi zosowa zake. Komabe, wolemba adasiyanitsa Mulungu ndi chikhulupiriro ndi zipembedzo. Amakhulupilira kuti Mulungu ali ndi munthu aliyense m'moyo wake, sakanamusiya, ndipo nthawi zambiri amalemba pamutuwu.
Malingaliro a Khayama pokhudzana ndi chipembedzo chomwe chimatsutsana nthawi zambiri, zomwe zidadzetsa mikangano yambiri kuzungulira umunthu wake. Omar adaphunziridwa kwambiri buku lopatulikalo, chifukwa chake amatha kutanthauzira malamulo ake ndikusemphana ndi ena a iwo. Zinandipweteka mkwiyo kuchokera kwa atsogoleri achipembedzo, omwe amafotokoza ndakatulo "" ndakatulo ".
Chikondi chinali lingaliro lachiwiri lofunika pantchito ya wolemba kwambiri wolemba. Zomwe adanena za kumverera mwamphamvuzi nthawi zina zimakhala zosilira chifukwa cha chinthu ichi ndi chinthu chake - mkazi - lisanathe kuti chikondi chimasokoneza moyo. Za akazi amene adalemba nthawi zonse amachita bwino, malinga ndi iye, mkaziyo amafunikira kukonda komanso kuzindikira, kumulowetsa, chifukwa mkazi wokondedwa wa munthu ndiye mtengo wapamwamba kwambiri.
Kukonda Wolemba kunali kumverera kwa milireti - nthawi zambiri amalemba za iye molingana ndi malingaliro onena za ubale. Phunziro labwino kwambiri la nkhanuzi zinali zofunika kwambiri, sanazione chabe. Wolemba nthawi zambiri amafunika kuti asapereke anzawo, amawayanjanitsa, kuti asasinthire kuvomerezedwa kwa mizimu kuchokera kumbali ndipo osapereka chidaliro chawo. Kupatula apo, abwenzi enieni ndi ochepa. Wolembayo adavomereza kuti wina angakonde kukhala yekha, "zomwe munthu adapeza."
Akuluy amakangana moyenera motero amawona chisalungamo chadziko lapansi, chimafotokoza za khungu la anthu ku zikhalidwe zazikulu m'moyo, komanso zimafika pamalingaliro athunthu kuti zinthu zambiri zimafotokozedwa ndi chilengedwe. Ngwazi yamoto ya Omar Khayamu ndi munthu amene amatcha chikhulupiriro amene akufuna kudzipangitsa kuti athetse maganizo ake ndipo alibe malire. Iye ndi wosavuta komanso wapafupi, amakonda vinyo ndi chisangalalo china chomveka cha moyo.
Kunena za tanthauzo la moyo, Omar Khayam adazindikira kuti munthu aliyense ndi mlendo chabe wa dziko lokongolali, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kusangalala ndi moyo wocheperako . Nzeru ya moyo, yolembedwa ndi yanyama, ndikuvomera zochitika zonse komanso kuthekera kopeza nthawi zabwino mwa iwo.
Omar Khayam ndi Hedonist wodziwika. Mosiyana ndi lingaliro lachipembedzo lochokera ku zinthu zapadziko lapansi chifukwa cha chisomo chakumwamba, wafilosofi, udali ndi chidaliro kuti tanthauzo la moyo likugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi kusangalala. Mwa izi, adakwiya kwambiri anthu, koma adakondwera ndi olamulira ndi oimira zigawo zapamwamba kwambiri pagulu. Mwa njira, alctivia a ku Russia ankakonda kwambiri lingaliro ili.
Moyo Wanu
Ngakhale kuti bamboyo adadzipereka gawo lotheka kuti akhale wokonda mkazi, iye sanadzimangirire ku banja kuti ayambe kuba. Mkazi ndi ana sanakwaniritse njira ya Hilhama, chifukwa nthawi zambiri ankakhala ndikugwira ntchito motsogozedwa ndi chizunzo. Wasayansi wa voludomuminy mu Middle Ages ku Iran - inali yowopsa.Ukalamba ndi Imfa
Malingaliro ndi Mabuku a Omar Khayamu, omwe adafika kwa mbadwa zake, amangofufuza za anthu ambiri, amatha kufotokoza za nthawi ya anthu omwe ali ndi nthawi yongocheza. Indedi, m'zaka zoyipa zikwi, sayansi imayimira kuopsa kwa mabungwe a zipembedzo, chifukwa chake adasandulika ngakhale kuzunzidwa.
A Hilhama pamaso pa maso a Hilhama, nthawi yayitali kwambiri anali kutetezedwa ndi Rulishah, asayansi ena ndi asisayansi ena adanyozedwa ndikuphedwa. Mibadwo ya Middle SIYANA siina pachabe amawerengedwa kuti ndi ankhanza kwambiri, anticturic anali owopsa kwa omvera onse, ndipo kwa amene amapezeka. Ndipo nthawi imeneyo, kumvetsetsa kulikonse kwaulere kwa malamulo azipembedzo ndipo kuwunika kwawo kumatha kukhala kofanana ndi kusokonezeka.
Phirosopher Omar Khayyam adakhala ndi moyo wautali, koma zaka zotsiriza za moyo wake sizinali utawaleza kwambiri. Chowonadi ndi chakuti zaka makumi angapo ku Omar Khayyam adagwira ntchito ndipo adagwira ntchito, ngakhale atateteza mfumu ya dzikolo. Komabe, atamwalira, Omar adazunzidwa chifukwa cha malingaliro ake omwe ambiri adafanizira kunyoza. Ankakhala m'masiku otsiriza, popanda kuthandizidwa ndi anthu okondedwa ndipo kumatanthauza kukhalapo kwabwino, kunakhala pafupifupi HERTRT.
Komabe, kufikira atapumira, wafilosofi wopitikitsa malingaliro ake ndipo anali kuchita sayansi, analemba nsapato Zake ndipo amangosangalala ndi moyo. Malinga ndi nthano, Highyah adasiya moyo wake, modekha, mokhulupirika, ngati ali ndi ndandanda, ndikutenga zomwe zimachitika. Ndili ndi zaka 83, tsiku lina adakhala m'pemphelo lonse, kenako ndikusambitsa mawu oyera, kenako anawerenga mawu oyerawo ndikufa.
Zosangalatsa
Omar Khayam sanali munthu wodziwika kwambiri m'moyo, ndipo zaka mazana ambiri atamwalira, chiwerengero chake sichinachite chidwi pakati pa ana. Komabe, m'zaka za zana la XIX, wofufuza Etard Atdick Fitzheraleld adapeza zolemba za ndakatulo ya Persian, adamasulira mu Chingerezi. Kusiyana kwa ndakatulo kunakhudzidwa ndi Britain, komwe kunapezeka, kuphunzira ndi kuyamikirana kwambiri ntchito zonse za Omar Khayamu, ndiye kuti machitidwe ake onse asayansi. Nakodka anakantha omasulira ndi magulu onse a ku Europe - palibe amene angakhulupirire kuti nthawi yakutali kum'mawa ndikugwira ntchito yasayansi yanzeru.
Ntchito za Lobsetat Lerosemphani masiku olakwika. Nkhani za Jighama nthawi zambiri zimapezeka ku Russia komanso zachilendo komanso zamakono. Modabwitsa, "Rubai" sanataye malire azaka zambiri atalengedwa. Chilankhulo chotsimikizika komanso chopepuka, mitu ndi lonjezo lalikulu lomwe muyenera kuyamikira moyo wanu, kukondana nthawi zonse, kugwa molingana ndi Maganizo Anu Awo - Zonsezi zimagwera m'miyoyo ya XXI m'zaka za zana.
Chikondwerero cha cholowa cha Omar Khayama ndi fano la olemba ndakatuloyo ndi wafilosofi adayamba mwadzinja, ndipo zosungira za ndakatulo zake zidasindikizidwa mpaka pano. Kotala ya Tamama ikupitiliza kukhala ndi moyo, mabuku omwe ali ndi ntchito yake amakhala ndi anthu ambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Zoseketsa, koma ku Russia, woimba wosenda wotchuka wa popu, woimira m'badwo wautali wa pop wamakono, wolembedwa nyimbo pa nyimbo ya "Omar Khariste" wa Philosopher wa nthano waku Apesitanti adachitidwa umboni.
Malingaliro a ndakatulowo adasandulika kukhala momwe amatchedwa malamulo amoyo, omwe amatsatiridwa ndi anthu ambiri. Komanso, amagwiritsa ntchito mozama m'badwo wachinyamata pamaneti. Mwachitsanzo, mavesi otsatirawa ndi anzeru za Omar Khayama:
"Ndiye moyo wanzeru ukhale ndi moyo, si moyo wambiri wodziwa,Malangizo awiri ofunikira kukumbukira kwa oyambitsa:
Ndinu abwino kuposa omwe ndili nawo,
Ndipo ndikwabwino kwa mmodzi, kuposa amene ndinapeza. "" Kuzizira ndikuganiza mutu wanu
Kupatula apo, m'moyo, zonse zili zachilengedwe
Zoyipa zidachotsedwa ndi inu
Udzakumbukiridwa ndidi. "" Musalire maliro, munthu kutayika,
Osayeza lero mawa
Osatinso zomwe sizinachitike
Khulupirirani miniti yapano - khalani osangalala tsopano! "" "Helo ndi Paradiso." Nenani za kumwamba ".
Ine, ndikudziyang'ana ndekha, ndinali wotsimikiza za bodza:
Gahena ndi Paradiso - Osazungulira m'bwalo la Mirozdanya,
Gahena ndi Paradiso ali theka la miyoyo "" imasowa pa tulo! Usiku wa zisa za chikondi umapangidwa,
Poponyera kunyumba, wokondedwa wapatsidwa!
Kumene kuli zitseko - amatseka usiku,
Ndi khomo lokonda - wotseguka! "" Mtima! Lolani kuchenjera, kukhala nthawi yomweyo,
Lemerezani vinyo, akuti, Zimakhala zovulaza.
Ngati mzimu ukuchapa thupi lanu ndi thupi -
Nthawi zambiri mverani ndakatulo, kumwa vinyo "
Aphorisms a Omar Khayama:
"Ngati chakudya chokhacho challet kwa inu - kutsanulira!NGATI NGATI NAizi Anzeru - Landirani! "" Amwalira ndi Mzimu Amwalira Asanati "" "olemekezeka ndi kutanthauza, kulimba mtima ndi mantha -
Chilichonse kuyambira pakubadwa kwa kubadwa matupi athu "" mwa wokondedwa wanu, mumakonda zophophonya, ndipo wosayamika ngakhale mkaziyo ndi azikhalidwe. Akadakhala antolyub - ndiye kuti sukadakufikirani. "