Chiphunzitso
Zombo za ku Russia sizinadziwe wamkulu wopambana kuposa Fedor UShakov. Motsogozedwa ndi katswiri waluso, Crimea idagonjetsedwa ndipo French idathamangitsidwa ku Mediterranean. Kuti agwire ntchito yonse, zombo sizinalole kugonja limodzi ndipo sanataye ngalawa.Ubwana ndi Unyamata
Fedor Fedorovich Ushakov adabadwa pa February 13, 1745 m'mudzi wa Burbakovo (tsopano chigawo cha Rybinsky cha ku Aaroslavl). Abambo Mfundo, Feder Inbetievich adagwiranso ntchito zikwangwani za mizimu ya Plobrazhenslansky, mpaka atasiya ntchito, amayi a Parashen Nikichna adakwatirana.
Amalume ake Fedor Nakhorsarsman, yemwe anali wovala zombo za Petrovyky zombo, adaleredwa m'mbuyo mtsogolo. UShakov Kuyambira paubwana adalota za nyanja, pomwe nthaka imakondwera nayo yotopetsa.
Wokhala ndi zaka zazing'ono ankakonda matelo ndi madzi, kunalibe chilichonse kwa iye, kuposa kudula zombo za mtengo. Pamodzi, midzi anzathu nthawi zambiri inkasungidwa mnyumbayo kunkasilira kulengedwa kwa dokotala waluso.
Phokoso la nthawi yomwe abidzi yakomweko idapereka mwayi wopita kwa iye, ndipo mnyamatayo, aliyense azengereza wachiwiri, adati munthu amene apita ku chirombo, ngati akomana naye pamadzi.
Ali ndi zaka 16, makolo adabweretsa chojo chotentha kwambiri ku St. Petersburg. Kumpoto wakumpoto, mnyamatayo wolimba mtima adalowa kunyanja ya Cadet. Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti nthawi imeneyo, achinyamata a zaka zabwino kuchokera m'mabanja a Zabwino adalowa mu kabatizo mobwereza, makamaka ana a odedvord omwe amaphunziridwa m'bungweli.
UShakov Wolemba sayansi monyada, usiku wonse usanachitike, osangalala kwambiri pophunzitsa, ndipo mu 1766, ataphunzira zaka zisanu, adamaliza maphunziro awo ndi ulemu, atalandira Chin Mikin. Mtsogolo Woyang'anira ntchito yake anali kusambira munyanja ya Baltic, ndipo kwa nkhondo ya ku Russia-Turkey, katswiri wa waluso adasamutsidwira ku Azov Flotilla miyezi ingapo ndipo amatumizidwa.
Ntchito zankhondo
Ndi chiyambi cha nkhondo, zombo zosaoneka bwino zimalandira mwayi wopezeka ndi mwayi wodzisiyanitsa ndikugwiritsa ntchito. Chifukwa chake, ndikulamulirani chombo cha khumi ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi, chimawonetsera bwino kuukira kwa Turks, komwe kudafika ku Balaclava, pambuyo pake palibe amene adakayikira zothetsera ntchito zake.
Amadziwika kuti wachinyamata wophunzitsika amadzimasulira ku mabwalo ankhondo akuda a kunyanja akuda zobisika. Komanso Fedar adapereka nkhalango yotumizira kupita ku Bonfbur Bukunda yosungiramo katundu ya St.
Pambuyo pake, Uthekov adasankhidwa kapitawo wa Theimperial Yacht. Komabe, kuyandikira kwa munthu woweruzayo sikunakope katswiri wa Nyanja ku Antating, ndipo Fyodor adakwaniritsa chosinthira sitima ya mzere, pomwe amayenda nthawi ya squadoni pa Nyanja ya Mediterranean. Pambuyo pake, zombozo zidakonza zopanga pansi pa zombo zakuda zam'nyanja za Sevastopol.
Posakhalitsa woyang'anira udindo woyamba wa UShakov amalandila nthawi yoikidwa ndi mtsogoleri, yemwe wayamba kungoyambira ku Kherson. Oyendetsa sitimayo sanakhale ndi nthawi yogwira ntchito (nthawi imeneyo adatenga nawo gawo pomanga chombo chomwe chili ndi chosungiramo), monga mliri wa mliriwu udabuka ku Kherson.
UShakov adabweretsa gulu lake mumzinda. Pamenepo oyendetsa sitimawo anamanga Rs, oyatsidwa ndi mbali zonse ndipo pofuna kudzipatula adayamba kupukuta kudzera muviniga ndi zitsamba zosweka. Chifukwa cha kugwirira ntchito kwa Federo Fedorovich, palibe m'modzi mwa ophunzira omwe ali ndi matenda oopsa. Zotsatira zake, ntchito yomanga sitimayo inali ikumalizidwabe.
Pobwerera ku Amayi, oyang'anira amalandila dongosolo la St. Vladimir. Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti UShakov sanalandire ukwati, osati kuti zipambane, koma kwa nthawi yosonyezedwa ndi luso.
Kenako wothandizayo adapereka ntchito yatsopano - njira iliyonse kuti apange oyendetsa sitima yake gulu lankhondo lankhondo la Russia. UShakov adapanga njira yapadera yophunzitsira: chida chinaikidwa pakusinthana, ndipo mamembala a antchito adafunikira kulowa mumtsinjewo, atakhazikika pa sitimayo pafupi ndi sitimayo.
Chifukwa cha maphunzirowa, Uthekov adakwaniritsa kuti oyendetsa sitimawo adagwiritsa ntchito luso lochititsa moto waukulu. Pa nthawi ya mphamvu yatsopano yomwe imatha kupikisana ndi ufumu wa Ottoman wolamulira mphamvu pa zakuda zakuda ndi Mediterrean Seaterina II idakonzanso nthumwi zakunja ku Simferopol.
Anthu a m'zaka za zana la anthu ambiri amazindikira kuti kunali kovuta bwanji kuyang'ana nyanja nthawi imeneyo. Kenako oyendetsa sitimawo kuti ayendetse chombo, osasiya maphunzirowa, anasamalira kulimba mtima ndi kuwongolera kwa mphepo, komanso anamvera pa maphunzirowo. Munkhondo ya Uthekov, osati pokhapokha atangotsatira zipolopolo, komanso adawongolera zomwe okalamba aliwonse.
Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti Fyodor Fedorovich adaphwanya malamulo onse ankhondo. Kenako panali gulu losavomerezeka la nkhondo yovomerezeka, lomwe linati nkhondoyo isanakwane, otsutsa ayenera kuyandikirana patali paulendo wa pistol, khalani pansi ndikungowombera.
UShakov adanena kuti inali nthawi yopanda kanthu, yopanda pake komanso kuti kutsindika kuyenera kuchitidwa pachinthu chachikulu, choyamba ndikuwononga. Njirayi idathandizira Fyodor Fedorovich kuti apambane nkhondo ndi ottoman zombo. Kenako ochita bwino kwambiri pa uthembiri wa mdani adasiyanitsa njira yatsopanoyi - ndipo sanalakwitse. Zombo zaku Russia, ndikumanganso paulendo, chipinda chachikulu chachikulu cha ma Turks, chomwe sichinakonzekere.
Adani mwadzidzidzi adayamba kukweza nangula ndi kuwaza zingwe. Chifukwa chake, kuwononga mdani, USHAKAV KOMWEYO KAPENA KULENGEDWA WOSAVUTA SALKNOM WONSE.
Pambuyo pa kupambana kumeneku, General - munda wa Marshal, Prince Grigory Potemki adayamba kukhala woyang'anira wotchuka komanso m'makalata omwe akuwombera molimba mtima. Mu 1790 Potemkin, ndikuvomerezedwa ndi Katherine II, adatumiza utsogoleri wa UShavo wa Toharovich wakuda, ndipo Fyodor Fedorovich onse obowola, ndipo Fyodor Fedorovich onse obowola, ndikukweza mbendera pa sitima Woyera "Woyera". Kumeneku anachititsa kuti uchimo, awononge zombo za adani 16, kenako nkuwonetsa kuukira kwa ma Turks kuchokera ku Kerch Crait.
Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti nthawi zambiri adani omwe adagonjetsedwa nthawi zambiri amafunsa a Ishakov zokhudza chifundo, kutumiza Nyumba Nyumba Nyumba ndi kupereka ndalama. Mapautso amunthu sanawononge, koma zombo sizinawonongeke.
Mkuluwo anazindikira kuti mathedwe adziko lapansi ndi otheka pokhapokha zombo zonse za Turkey zigwera. Nkhondo yomwe idapangitsa dzina lake kukhala losafa, idachitika pa Julayi 31, 1791, munyanja yakuda, ku Cape Kaliakra (Northern Bulgaria). Kenako wamkulu wa ma Turk ananena kuti adzatenga Ushakov, osangoganiza kuti zombo zake zonse zidzagwa.
Ottomans anali kuyembekezera zombo zaku Russia pafupi ndi gombe, zomwe zidayikidwa batri. Feder Fedorovich, otchuka poti nkhondo isanachitike, yomwe imadziwa malo omwe adani ake komanso pa kukhazikitsa. Zotsatira zake, iye anayenda kuzungulira ku Turk, atadutsa pakati pa gombe ndi zombo zawo, anagwira chimphepo cha mdani.
Dongosolo lamtendere limamaliza ndi Turkey, adasunga dera lonse lakuda la ku Russia, kuphatikizapo Crimea. Pomwe Alexander suvonov adapambana kumtunda, Ushakov adakangana dziko lomwe Russia ndi mbuye wathunthu wa nyanja.
Mu Ogasiti 1798, Paulo ndidatumiza gulu lakuda la UShakov kupita ku Ionian Islands (Therench adalamulidwa kumphepete) kotero kuti amatetezedwa kupezeka kwa Russia mu Mediterranean. Nthawi ino kumbali ya Feder Fedorovich anali wopambana - Ufumu wa Ottoman.
Zowona, nthawi ino oyang'anira kuwonetsa luso lodabwitsa. Malinga ndi nthano, UShakov anasandutsa atsikana ake zovala za azimayi, ndipo pamene French adawona azimayiwo atakhala pagombe ndi mfuti, adanena kuti sanapatsidwe nthumwi za theka la anthu ndikukweza mbendera yoyera . Kuyandikira, asirikali anamvetsetsa kuti ananyengedwa.
Kenako kutsatira chikhomo cha Corfu (munthu woyang'anizana ndi munthu tsiku limodzi), kenako kutulutsidwa kwa zilumba za ionic kunamalizidwa kuchokera ku Kukhalapo kwa Chifalansa. Pa ntchito imeneyi, Feyodor Fedorovich adapangidwa kukhala gulu la Arral, ndipo Sultan Sultan adapereka chinsalu cha eni sobatu coat ndi nthenga za diamondi.
Woyambitsa zombo za Russia ndi Peter, koma atamwalira, ntchito ya moyo wake wonse sanali bwino kuposa nthawi zabwino, ndipo pamene Europe idasintha mphamvu zake zam'madzi, Russia imasokoneza mphamvu ndi kufunikira kwa Gulu lankhondo la Marine. Zinapitilira mpaka Fyodor UShakov yemwe watulutsira gulu la zombo, omwe adabweretsa kupambana kopambana ku dziko lake.
Moyo Wanu
Moyo wa Flotomodka sunali wopambana monga ntchito yake. Zimadziwikanso kuti Fyodor Fedorovich sanakwatirane ndipo analibe ana. Wokonzekera adadzipereka ku ntchito ya abambo ndipo sanadandaule.Imfa
Malo omaliza a moyo wa dziko lapansi Ulksevov adakhala m'mudzi wabata la Aleksevka mu Aleknovsky chigawo, pafupi ndi Okaksar Christm-Virnar Christch-Virnar Bestry-Virnar Bearch-Virnar Beartery-Virgin Wamfumu Amadziwika kuti pa nkhondo ya dziko la dziko la dziko la dziko la dziko la dziko la 1812, Fedorovich anasankhidwa kukhala mutu wa asitia ya asitikali m'chigawo cha Takbov, koma chifukwa cha matendawa, iye anakana maudindo ake, kudzipatulira.
Flotodts anamwalira pa Okutobala 2, 1817 m'gulu lake, m'mudzi wa Alekseevka. Muvumbo wankhondo wolungama mu mpingo wa Mpulumutsi wa Mpulumutsi wa mzinda wa Temnokov. Pamene bokosi lili ndi thupi la Admirasi womwalirayo, lomwe linali m'manja mwake, adayika m'manja kuchokera mumzinda, adafuna kuyika pa chakudya, koma anthuwo adapitilizabe ku malo okhala ku Sakaksar, komwe oyang'anira adayikidwa.
Mu 1953, wamkulu wa Mikail Romm adachotsa mafilimuwo "accor Ulhakov" ndi "zombo zakum mvula yamkuntho", yomwe imatengera chiwembu cha luso laluso.
Kubweza
Pambuyo pa kusintha kwa chiwonetsero cha 1917, nyumba ya Onaksarsyky idatsekedwa, ndipo kapende, yomwe idamangidwa m'manda a wotsutsa, adawonongedwa.
Joseph Vissarsovich Smilin adakhazikitsa dongosolo la UShakov mu 1943, koma chithunzi cha Feder Fedorovich chimayenera kupanga mphoto. Palibe aliyense wa ojambula ndi akatswiri azomwe angadziwe momwe angawonere mogwirizana ndi Amsuri, ndipo, monga mukudziwa, kugwiritsa ntchito chithunzi cholakwika mu Chizindikiro cha Boma ndi chosavomerezeka.
Chifukwa chake, mu 1944, kazembe wa boma ku Onaksar adachitika, pomwe oyang'anira adapezeka. Pambuyo pake, mawonekedwe a chigaza adabwezeretsedwanso mawonekedwe a USHOkov, ndi manda a wochitira umboni wotchuka, pamodzi ndi zotsalira za nyumba ya amonke, adasungidwa pansi pa dziko.
Mu Ogasiti 2001, tchalitchi cha Russia Orthodox chinasiyidwa ku UShakov kupita ku gulu la oyera. Tsopano zithunzi zomwe zikuwonetsa ziweto zaluso zimasungidwa m'makachisi ndi anyamanza.
Kukumbuka
- Dzinalo la chikopalo limatchedwa Bay kum'mwera kwa nyanja ya bareka ndi Cape ku North Goost Nyanja ya Okhotsk
- Ku Temnov, pali zakale zakale zakomweko zakomweko pambuyo pa Ishakov
- Ku Moscow, pali Admil Ashekov Boulevard ndi Metro Station of the Contone yomweyo
- Ku St. Petersburg, dzina la Alral Uthekov limatchedwa The Embrankment ndi mlatho, chipilala chimakhazikitsidwa
- Mu Okutobala 2002, ku Greece, chipilala cha Adrul Fedor UShakov kukhazikitsidwa pa Chilumba cha Corfu
- Ku Kerch pa Epulo 11, 2009, chipilala chomenyedwa kwa Assural chidakhazikitsidwa tsiku lomasulidwa la mzindawo kuchokera ku Germany Fassist
- Ku Kalinangrad, The Navite Instituteite idatcha dzina la Woyang'anira
- Mu 2015, chipilala chomenyera ku Admil F. F. UShakov adatsegulidwa ku Tambov, pamsewu wa Soviet ndi Lermontovskaya Misewu
- Mumzinda wa rybinsk, pafupi ndi omwe amayimira anland, Bust yake idayikidwa. Epulo 29, 2016 dzina lake adalandira Boulevard. Museum ndi yotseguka.