Chiphunzitso
Richard Zorge - ngwazi ya Soviet Union, Scout. Amadziwika kuti ndi munthu wophunzira, woyenera, wokhoza kukambirana kulikonse. Makanema amapezeka za feent of Zerga, kulemba mabuku. Monga chizindikiro cha ulemu ndi kukumbukira kwamuyaya, imatchedwa misewu ndi zipilala zam'manja.Ubwana ndi Unyamata
Richard Zorge adabadwa pa Okutobala 4, 1896 m'mudzi wa Sabdindi Baku chigawo cha banja la Gusman Wicharm Richarge Richarge Richard Zorge Richard Zorge Richard Zorge Richarge Richard Zorge Richard Zorge Richard Zorge Richard Zorge Richard Zorge Richard Zorge Richard Zorge Richard Zorge Richard Zorge Richard Zorge Richard Zorge Richard Zorge Richard Zorge Richard Zorge Richard Zorge Richard Zorge Richard Zorge Richard Zorge Richard Zorge Richard Zorge Richard Zorge Richard Zorge Richard Zorge Richard Zorge Richard Zorge Richard Zorge Richard Zorge Richard Zorge Richard Zorge Richard Zorge Richard Orge Richard Abambo ankagwira ntchito ku Nobel, komwe amapangira mafuta. Mayi a Nina Abernanovna Kobelev - ndi mizu ya Russia, idakulira m'banja la wogwira ntchito panjanji.
Zorge adalemba m'mabuku ake omwe banja lake (makamaka mzere wa Atate) anzeru, omwe ali ndi kusintha kokhazikika. Izi ndi chifukwa cha kusintha kwa 1848, momwe agogo, onse nzika ndi abale, adatenga nawo gawo. Kuchokera pazambiri za Richard, zimadziwika kuti ubwana umachitika ku Germany: modekha, mu banja lalikulu lotetezeka.
Zorge adaphunzira ku Realschule ku Germany, koma sanalandire maphunziro achiwiri - mu 1914, wodzipereka adapita patsogolo pa nkhondo yoyamba yapadziko lonse ku Germany. Adatenga nawo gawo mu nkhondo, koposa kamodzi adavulala.
Mu 1917, a Richard Zorge adavulala, adagwira ntchito ku Königsberg, chifukwa chake adatsalira (mwendo umodzi ndi wautali, winayo ndi wamfupi). Pachifukwa ichi adachotsedwa ntchito. Mu nthawi yake ku Lazaret, a Zorge adasintha konse malingaliro ake pa chikominisi.
Chimodzimodzi mu 1917, Zorge adatha kunyamula satifiketi ya maphunziro a sekondale, ndipo pambuyo pake diploma kumapeto kwa yunivesiteyo. Friodrich Wilhelm mu 1918. Kenako analowa ku Yunivesite ku Kiel, anaphunzira pa luso la sayansi ya anthu. Ndipo ku Hambarg, adamasulidwa ndi dokotala wa Dokotala ndi Lamulo, pambuyo pake adalandira digiri yachuma.
Ntchito zankhondo
Mu 1918, kupanduka kwa sitima yapamadzi kunayamba mumzinda wa Yaeli, komwe ku Richard Zorge kunatenga nawo mbali mwachindunji, otanganidwa ndi anthu. Kusinthika kwa zinthu kunayamba ku Belin, kunakhala wotenga nawo mbali mopanda ntchito. Cifukwa cace aboma adatumiza Zorge kuchokera mumzinda.
Ku Hamburg, Richard Zorge Propaganda ntchito yophatikizidwa ndi mtolankhani. Kuyambira mu 1920, adakhala mkonzi wa nyuzipepala ku Sunungen. Kuphatikiza apo, adagwira ntchito yofufuza ku Institutes pa kafukufuku wa chikhalidwe cha Frankfurt.
Mu 1924, komiti yayikulu ya chikomyunizimuyi ya mayiko akumuitanitsa Zorge to Moscow, komwe adayamba kugwira ntchito mu dipatimenti yazidziwitso. Komanso anali wogwira ntchito yapakati pa phwando lofufuza.
Nthawi yomweyo, Zergda adakwanitsa kukhala mtolankhani, adasokoneza zovuta za gulu losintha ku America ndi Germany. Nkhani izi zidawoneka patsamba la "Ndondomeko Yapadziko Lonse Lapansi", "BolShevik", "Comrnist International".
Mu 1929, Richard Zorge adalumikizana ndi dipatimenti yokonzanso yofiyira ya ogwira ntchito a antchito ndi ofiira, pomwe mfumu idakhala J. Barzins ndi S. P. Utrinsky. Mu 1930, wamkulu wa anzeru adafika ku Shanghai pansi pa pseudAmpha Rambui ndikuyambitsa chibwenzi zingapo. M'modzi wa iwo - ndi mitu ya sludizaki, omwe amagwira ntchito ngati mtolankhani ku Japan ndipo adalimbikira kuti awone mawonekedwe achikomyunizimu. Achijapani adakhala m'modzi mwa ogwiritsa ntchito Orge.
Mpaka mu 1933, Richard adakwanitsa kupeza chidziwitso chofunikira pa alangizi a Germany ndikuganiza kuti US posachedwapa akwaniritsa malo ake.
Ku Japan, Richard Zorge adafika mu Seputembara 1933 ngati wogwira ntchito wamkulu wa Germany: "Frankfur · rundshau", "Deutshe orbuckvirt". Adatha kutenga kazembe wakunja wakunja.
Mu 1938, zofuna za Richard Zorge adakwanitsa kukhala ndi moyo pangozi. Izi zinayambitsa nthawi yokhazikikayo, koma odziwa zanzeru adatha kufalitsa zonse zomwe amafunikira max, omwe anali a radist-encrypter gulu lanzeru. Richard anali ndi mapepala achinsinsi ndi madola. Scout adazindikira kuti a Clausen afika. Kuphatikiza apo, Lawa la Radiyo adatenga mapepala onse kuchokera mnyumba ndikuwonekera mwachiwonekere.
Mpaka 1941, gulu la luntha lidapitilirabe kuntchito ku Japan. Anakonza zochotsa chidziwitso chosakwanira komanso chothandiza komanso chothandiza, koma sizinachitike. Pafupi ndi 1940, za Zorge yekha ananena kuti anali wokonzeka kubwerera kuchokera ku Japan, koma adaganiza zomuchirikiza kukhala nthawi yayitali, monganso Richard anali mwanjira ina.
Mu 1941, zambiri zokhudzana ndi kuukira kwa Germany ku Russia kwabwera ku Zorge. Nkhondo yanthawi yanthawi yanthawi yake idawonedweratu popanda tanthauzo lenileni. Anathanso kudziwa kuti mpaka 1942, boma la Japan silinachite nkhondo ndi kulankhula. Ataphunzira izi, gulu lankhondo lankhondo likugawidwa asitikali m'njira yolimbikitsa chitetezo cha Moscow. Likulu lidatha kuteteza.
Moyo Wanu
Richard Zorrrrr ndi anali ndi akazi awiri, ana amoyo, luntha silinapite. A Christina Greece anali dzina loyamba, Zorge adasudzulana naye mu 1926, pomwe adanyamuka kupita ku Germany.
Ndi mkazi wachiwiri, Maximovaya Catherine Zorga anali wovomerezeka ndi ubale mu 1933. Mu 1942, mayi anamangidwa kuti akamane ndi adani. Zotsatira zake, Catherine anali kutumikira m'gawo la Krasnoyarsk, ndipo anamwalira.
M'banja lakale, Richard amakhala ndi Khanako Isinsi. Amadziwika kuti ataphedwa ndi achi Japan, mpaka kumapeto kwa moyo wake, anachezera manda a zorge, ndipo adalembedwanso m'mabuku odziteteza mgulu la mkulu wina womwalirayo.
Imfa
Kuyambira pa Okutobala 1941, mamembala otsalira adawonekera, kumangidwa kwakukulu kunayamba. Mapeto ake a 18 amabwera Richard Zorge. Apolisi aku Japan anakonza zofufuza za nyumba za olankhula ndipo anapeza zikalata zomwe zimayendetsedwa ndi kufunsa kwa malo. Kale pamauthenga omwe adapangidwa kale, Zorge adayimbidwa mlandu.
Malinga ndi fuko lina, Orhard Zorge sanazindikire kuti ndi mlanduwu, ndikulankhula za mgwirizano ndi chithokomiro cha ku Germany, koma osati ndi Soviet Union. Hitler adadzipereka kuti abweze wopatsira Germany. Ndipo Japan anavomera kubwerera ku Zor kumtunda kwawo kwa akaidi angapo andale.
Komabe, izi sizinachitike, Stalin sanavomereze nyengo ya Japan, chifukwa sankaona kuti tsoka lanyumbayo likuwonongeka. Pali malingaliro kuti izi zikuchitika chifukwa cha kuzindikira kwa Zorge kumodzi mwa makhothi pazogwirizana ndi USSR. Stalin sakanatha kukhululuka izi. Mu 1943, idaganiza zopha Zorge Zorge. Chaka chotsatira, ku Tokyo m'ndende "sugamo" pa Novembara 7, chigamulocho chinachitika.
Chosangalatsa ndichakuti, kwanthawi yayitali boma la dzikolo lidakana Betge. Mu 1964 adapatsidwa mutu wa ngwazi ya Soviet Unions Purthhusly Thanks kwa Khrushchev. Masiku ano, makanema osaiwalika amapezeka polemekeza wamkulu wa anthu ambiri anzeru, makanema osaiwalika amaperekedwa. Udindo wa Zerga mu chithunzi chomaliza ndi cha Alexander Domiogarov
Kukumbuka
- 1954 - "Kusakhulupirika kwa Germany \ Mlandu wa Dr. Zorge"
- 1961 - "Ndiwe ndani, Dr. Zorge?"
- 1985 - "Nkhondo Ya Moscow"
- 2003 - "Syp Zorge"
- 2009 - "Nkhani yokhala ndi moyo. Richard Zorge. Wokhala yemwe sanakhulupirire "
- 2018 - Zorge "