Chiphunzitso
Woyang'anira Soviet - m'mabuku onse odziwika, Sergei Parezanov imaperekedwa. Modabwitsa, koma zilipo mu nthawi ya Soviet, sanali wa iye wotsimikiza, amakanidwa, adakanidwa, adatsutsidwa, adatsutsidwa, adatsutsidwa modabwitsa ngati wofuulayo.
Ichi ndichifukwa chake anali kufunafuna ufulu uja kuti sizinali zofunikira kwambiri m'mafamu ake: "Mtundu wa Grenade", "mafilimu a Parajanov ali ngati ojambula owona : Zokongola, zokongola, zophikira ngati umunthu wabwino wa Ambuye.
Ubwana ndi Unyamata
Sergey (SARCHIS) Paradizhanov adabadwa pa Januware 9, 1924 ku Tbilisi. Mnyamatayo adakhala mwana wamwamuna pambuyo pake ana aakazi a Anna ndi ruzanne m'banja la Afmentian wa Africavary Joseph Parajanova ndi SIRAnova. Kuchokera kwa abambo a Sergey adalandira chikondi pakukongola ndi chisomo, luso laluso, kuchokera kwa amayi - artissist ndi mphamvu, chidwi cha chimama.
Khalida la Sergey linadutsa mu malo osungiramo zakale ndi benchi ya mayi wachikulire nthawi yomweyo. Paliponse mafunde okwera mtengo, ziwiya zakale, mapeka, zojambula ndi zithunzi - zonsezi zisunga moyo wake watsiku ndi tsiku. Ndiye chifukwa chake anthu a anthu a nthawi ya anthu a nthawiyo anali kusekerera kuti "pamulungu uja ukhala pakalipano."
Kuyambira mu 1932 mpaka 1942, mnyamatayo adaphunzira ku Sukulu ya Russia. Anaphunzira mosamala, koma nkhani zina zimamveka ndi kukondedwa. Ndinkakondana ndi sayansi yachilengedwe komanso mbiri yakale, ndipo matanera obadwa nawo adakopeka ndi nyimbo, pojambula ndi mabuku. ASIK-Gar ndi "HAVY" Mikhavtov, "Bakhchisarai Kasume" Alexander Sergeyevich, anali atakhumudwa kwambiri.
Kumapeto kwa sukuluyo, mu 1942, adalowa m'maganizo a Tbilisi Institute of Hirway Order. Koma ndinazindikira mwachangu kuti ndimasankha ntchito yanga. Mnyamatayo anakokera kugwira ntchito, anapatsira zikalata za Tbilisi Conservament pa dipatimenti ya Vocal ndi kupita ku sukulu ya choreographic ku Opera kunyumba. Adalowa komanso adakwanitsa kuphunzira m'mabungwe awiri.
Mu 1945, nkhondoyo itatha, anasamuka ku Tbilisi Conservatory ku Moscow, anakhala wophunzira wa mphunzitsi wotchuka Nina Doryak. Moyo wakulenga wa capital adayambitsa munthu wokhala ndi sinema. Wosamala ndi mtundu wamtunduwu, paradizhanov adasiya munthu wina ndikulowetsa Vgik kwa wotsogolera. Alangizi wa Sergey adakhala woyang'anira ndi mphunzitsi wa Igor Samonchenko, ndipo atamwalira komaliza - Alexander Dovzzhenko.
Mafilimu ndi luso
Mu 1951, Sergey anamaliza maphunziro awo ndi ulemu kuchokera ku Vgik ndipo anapita ku Kiev, komwe anali atayamba kale kugwira ntchito pa studio yamafilimu. Dovzzhenko monga wotsogolera. Apa akupanga zithunzi zoyambirira za filimu yake: nthano ya Moldavian nthano "masitepe" (1954), munthu woyamba "Meylarian Rhaptoy" (1961) ndi "maluwa" (1961).
Komabe, palibe chimodzi mwazinthu izi monga mbuye wakhutitsidwa kwathunthu. Nkhaniyi, malingaliro ndi luso lodziwika bwino lomwe silinapatse wotsogolera kuti azijambula dziko lawo. Parezezhanov "Olekanitsidwa" Pambuyo pa mafilimu a Andrei Torkovsky.
"Tsopano ndikudziwa momwe ndingapangire makanema."Chifukwa chake anafuula litakula kwa "Ivanov Ubwana", pomaliza, filimuyo imatha, kuti isanduke nsalu.
Mu 1964, mkuluyo anajambulira chithunzithunzi cha "mthunzi wa makolo oiwala" pa ntchito ya Mikhail Kotsabinsky. Chiwembuchi chinali chokhazikitsidwa ndi mbiri ya Huthul, kuthira ndi romeo ndi Juliet ubale, mufilimuyo ndi Ivan ndi Marichka - oimira achinyamata a mabanja ankhanza, mchikondi ndi wina ndi mnzake. Sewero la chikondi limadzutsidwa motsutsana ndi maziko a zitsamba zokongola za anthu a Hutul (okhala ku Karpat).
Kulawa kodabwitsa, kuchulukitsa ndi malingaliro opanda malire a wotsogolera, adapangitsa kuti apange osakometsera sukulu ya filimuyo. Ndipo izi sizikudziwika ndi mabwanamtundu wa National Cinema, omwe amakhazikitsa "mithunzi ... mu mzere umodzi ndi" woyipa ", monga" khwaone "mikhail Kalatuzova.
Ma telegrance omwe ali ndi mawu osilira ndi yothokoza al Master Mihelalangelo Antonio, a Jean-Luke Kudar, Akira KurOsava. Kanemayo adalandira mphotho 28 m'maiko 21. Pakati pampatuko wawo ku Chiyanjano cha Union ku Kiev, mphotho yamphongo ya Britain, visa ku zikondwerero ku Roma, A Marsalona, Atsaloniki, etc.
Kupambana kumapangitsa director pa tepi ya Kyiv Frescso, koma lingaliro loyambirira ndikukana zoletsa zonse mu chimango ndipo ngakhale kuchokera ku zokambirana - sindimayenera kuti sindimakonda akuluakulu. Amamuimba parajanov mu "malingaliro abodza" ojambula. Kumvetsetsa kuti ku Ukraine sadzapatsidwa ntchito, paradizehanov imasiya chithunzi chosasinthika ndi masamba a Yerevan.
Apa wotsogolera amagwira ntchito pa filimuyo za wolemba ndakatulo wa ku Armenia wa anatero wa XVIII-Nov. M'chithunzithunzi chomwechi pamaso pa wowonera, pali magawo atatu a ndakatulo - wazaka zitatu, ubwana ndi uchikulire. Palibe zokambirana za ngwazi ndi monologue. Mtengo wonse wa chithunzicho ndi wachuma komanso kudziwika kwa chithunzichi.
Chikondwerero cha chithunzicho chidakhala chovuta: Kuyamba kupanga kwake kunavomerezedwa ndi iditovet, koma atamaliza kujambulidwa kale, pomwe paradizanov adawoneka kale kutsutsa-boma, mwadzidzidzi "mwadzidzidzi" adawona mu tepi "yosokoneza chithunzi cha ndakatuloyi komanso mawonekedwe owoneka bwino kwambiri." Anabwereranso ku kukonzanso, komwe sikunali kufanananso pakati. Zotsatira zake, kanemayo adapita ku renti ya buku laling'ono komanso pansi pa dzina lina - "mtundu wa Grenade". Koma amawerengedwa kuti ndi amodzi mwa zitsanzo zowala za ntchito ya Master.
Pambuyo pa nkhani yochokera ku "Zowerengera", mkuluyo adabwerera ku Kiev mu 1969, komwe, chifukwa choletsedwa pa kuwombera, ku makanema "a David Sasuna, ndi zina zambiri) , koma posakhalitsa anayamba kuweruza atsogoleri a chipani ndi omwe adatsutsika mu 1971.
Zotsatira zake sizinachedwe kuti zikhudze: Mu 1972, kujambula kwa zojambula zake "patatha nthawi yotsatira, madre anali pansi pa kufufuza, ndipo posakhalitsa adatsuka. M'moyo wa wotsogolera padali nthawi yokwanira, pomwe malingaliro ake amasinthanso, ndipo zaka khumi zapitazo za Sergei Iosifovich atha kugwira ntchito osayang'ana wofuulayo, ndikusangalala ndi dziko lapansi.
Mu 1983, mkuluyo anayamba kugwira ntchito pa tepi "nthano ya linga" ya surartel ". Nthanayo-nthano yokhudza akavalo wachichepere, yemwe amafalitsidwa ndi David Absideze, adalandira ma kinagograd angapo. Olengezedwa mu 1985, kubwezeretsanso kunapatsa ufulu waluso kwambiri kuposa abwenzi a parajanov omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kulinganiza utoto wake, womwe unkayenda bwino ku Moscow ndi Yerevan.
Pambuyo pa utoto "Alebssique pamutu wa Pirosmani", woyang'anira amatenga filimuyo "Asik-Keir" m'dzina lomweli la Lermontov. Tepi iyi yoperekedwa kwa Andrei Tarkovsky adalandira mphotho ku Rotterdam ndi Stanbulian Filimu ya Filate, idawonetsedwa pa Phwandol ku Venice. Mbuyawo anachezera mizinda yambiri ya United States ndi Europe, anakumana ndi Marchello Mathrona, yve siint Laurent ndi anthu ena a nthawi ya anthu ambiri. Ambiri aiwo adapita kunyumba yake yocheza ku Tbilisi.
Mu 1989, paradihanov anayamba kuwombera filimu ya Autobigraphical "Eoblows", yomwe sinali yomalizidwa mogwirizana ndi wotsogolera mwadzidzidzi.
Khothi Lachiwiri ndi Mapeto
Ngakhale atakhala wachinyamata wa paradizanov, anachitapo kanthu pothandizidwa ndi anzeru za luso la Mboni zanzeru zomwe adachita popita patsogolo. Mu 1965 adachirikiza osunthati a seximie, omwe sanamasulidwe kudziko lina. Mu 1968, anatsutsa woyang'anira filimuyo "Andrei Rublev", anasaina kalata yotsutsa mayesero andale ku Ukraine.
M'mawu, wotsogolera wa Opairen wakhala ali "pa mbedza" ya kgb, ndipo mu 1973, mawu a Kramol atatha, parajanov anali atanenedwa, anenedweratu za amuna ndi mabungwe a anthu. " Malinga ndi anthu owona, mlanduwo sunachitire chidwi pamaziko achidzudzulo. Posakhalitsa Mboni yoyamba ija idawonekera, ndikuneneza parajanov kugwiriridwa.
Wotsogolera yekhayo sanadzutse chuma chake kukhothi, koma zonena za chiwawa sizinatsimikizire. Zotsatira zake, khothi lachigawo la Kiev linaweruza Josey Josekovich mpaka zaka 5 zomangidwa. Zaka za m'ndende ya m'ndende ya Paradiziyaimboli zikumbukidwe monga kuyesedwa koopsa komwe zonse zinali: ndipo kumenyedwa, ndi kuchititsidwa njala, ndi kuchititsidwa manyazi.
Kupulumutsidwa Mmodzi - Zopanga. Wojambulayo anapeza njira yodzinenera ngati khungu lachitsulo loyambirira: Ndalama za Parashi "kuchokera ku zikopa za Kefir, zojambulidwa, zotuwa zimachitika. Pa Marichi 8, mnzake, wamasiye wa ku Vladimir Majakovsky lile njerwa, paradizhanov amapanga "bouquet" kuchokera ku waya ndi zotsalira za masokosi.
Lily Yurevna adayambitsa ntchito yayikulu yopulumutsa Parajanov, yomwe abwenzi ake padziko lonse lapansi adathandizidwa - Adalipo, ambuye a rosseli, ojambula a nthano khumi ndi awiri adasaina boma la Soviet. Koma sizinayankhidwe.
Paresezayo adatuluka, zitatha zaka 4. Amakhulupirira kuti kulowererapo kwake ku France Lanch Aragon adapulumutsidwa, yemwe adapempha L. I. Brezhnev kuti atulutse wamkuluyo, akuyenda ndi pempho la mkazi wake Elz Tyre, mlongo wake wa My.
Pomaliza mu 1977, Sergei Iosifovich atakhazikika ku Tbilisi, amapita ku Moscan, Yerecan, sizinamulepheretse. Koma adapitabe ku likulu la Yuri Lubumov "Vladimir Vysotsky" mu Okutobala 1981, komwe iyenso, osatsutsa, adadzudzulidwa ku boma.
Bizinesi yatsopano, yopangidwa motsutsana ndi parajanov, idakhazikitsidwa chifukwa cha ziphuphu kwa munthu. Mu February 1982, Marta adayikidwanso kundende ya Chijojiya. Nthawi ino, kumangidwa kudapangitsa kuti kukhale kwakukulu, ndipo atagwira ntchito yayikulu kuti musunge woyang'anira, adamasulidwa miyezi 9. Magwero angapo amati E. A. Shevarnadze adalamula Bellahnin.
Moyo Wanu
Kwa nthawi yoyamba, paradizihanov anakwatirana ku VGIKA, mu 1951, mchikondi chachikulu. Wotsogolera wotsogolera adakhala ndodo yam'mawa yatatar sigar kuchokera ku Moldova. Koma nkhaniyi idatha momvetsa chisoni: abale a Nigar, atazindikira kuti adakwatirana ndi zofuna zawo, amapempha chiwombolo. Paresezanove anali ndi chiyembekezo kuti Atate wake adzathandiza, kupereka ndalama. Koma anakana, popeza Mwanayo sanapitilize bizinesi yabanja. Ndinakana kuponya mwamuna ndikupita kwa abale a abale a bambo a SIGR anali pansi pa sitimayo.
Modabwitsa panti wa partzhano mu 1955 mwa adaganiza zolimba. Mkazi wa Sergei Josefovich adadzakhala mwana wamkazi wazaka 17 wa Spotlana Shcherbathuk. Mu 1958, nyimbo ya nyimboyo idabadwira mwa okwatirana, kenako adalowa m'malo a zomangamanga. Kukhala ndi "misala" yaluso, "ndi abwenzi ambiri otchedwa parajanov, zinali zovuta kwambiri. Svetlana sakanatha ndipo mu 1961, okwatirana amasudzulana, koma miyoyo yawo yonse inagwirizana ndi ubale wabwino.
Panali mphekesera zambiri za moyo wa munthu wosangalatsa. Ndipo onse a iwo, podziwa kudziwika kuti Wosakhulupirira wamkulu, akhoza kukhala owona ndi abodza.
Imfa
Mu 1989, sergey Parajanov adapeza khansa yam'mapapo. Opaleshoni ku Moscow sanachite bwino, metatasis adabweranso. Mu Meyi, Sergey Iosifovich adapita ku Paris mgonero, koma zidachedwa kwambiri.
Adamwalira tsiku lofika ku Yerevan - Julayi 20, 1990. Amayi adayikidwa m'manda a ku Yerevan - a Komitas Pantheon.
Kafukufuku
- 1954 - "ndi Andries"
- 1958 - "Guy woyamba"
- 1961 - "Ukraine Rackydy"
- 1962 - "maluwa pamiyala"
- 1964 - "Mthunzi wa Misonkho"
- 1968 - "Mtundu wa Grenade"
- 1984 - "nthano ya linga la Surarm"
- 1988 - "Ashik-Keble"