Mbiri Yodziwika
Kusewera kwa Anton Pavlovich Chekhovich "Cherry dimba" limawerengedwa kuti ndi zitsanzo za malo osokoneza bongo. Chilengedwe chake chinatsatirapo zinachitika mu Russian theatre ndi mabuku aku Russia. Ichi ndi nthabwala zamadzi ndi ntchito yachisoni yosangalatsa.Mbiri Yolengedwa
Otsutsa omwe amakhulupirira amakhulupirira kuti kusewera ndi kuchitika ku Autobigrance. Chiwembu cha ntchito chimamangidwa mozungulira banja lolemekezeka, kukakamizidwa kugulitsa malojeresi. Chephiv yachitika kuti ikhalepo m'zochitika ngati izi, motero adadziwa zokumana nazo za ngwazi zake. Maganizo amtundu uliwonse amadziwa kuti wolemba ali munthu amene amakumana ndi vuto lakwawo. Nkhaniyi imavomerezedwa ndi katswiri wazamankhwala.
Kupanga njira yosewerera kunali kuti ochita ziwonetseroyekha sanagawidwe ndi ngwazi zabwino komanso zoipa, osati pachimake chachikulu komanso chachiwiri. Awa anali anthu akale, omwe alipo komanso amtsogolo, omwe wolembayo adamulemba mogwirizana ndi dziko lawo. Lopakhin anali woimira pakalipano, ngakhale nthawi zina pamakhala kuganiza kuti anganene kuti ali m'tsogolo.
Gwirani ntchito pantchito yomwe yachitika kuyambira 1901 mpaka 1903. Chephiv adadwala kwambiri, koma adamaliza kusewera, ndipo mu 1904 zomwe zikuchitika m'gulu la chiwembu latsopanoli lidachitika pamndandanda wa zojambula za Moscow.
"The Cherry Orchard"
Biography ndi Fate of Yeermolia Alekseevich Vepalana okhudzana ndi moyo wa banja la Runevskaya. Bambo wa ngwaziyo anali serfordom ya abambo a Ranvskaya ndi ogulitsa mafakitale. Dona wamng'onoyo akumumvera chisoni Yunya, yemwe anachoka kwa abambo ake, ndipo akufotokoza za izi, kukumbukira mbiri ya moyo ku Serfeddo. Maganizo a Ranevskoy anasangalala ndi kuzindikira kwa masamba a Jermola. Amakonda nyumba ya mtsikana wokongola, koma anamvetsetsa kuti kunali mpweya wokhazikika pa ukapolo. Ngakhale tanthauzo la dzina la Surmet ndi dzina la ngwazi likuti limapangidwa kuti gulu losiyananso likhale losiyana.
Lopesin wolemera, kukhala wamalonda, ndipo adatha kusiya tsoka. Adadzipanga Yekha ndipo pakusowa maphunziro oyenera, adapita mwa anthu kuposa momwe samanyadira. Ngakhale zimadziwika kuti mabukuwo ali opanda kanthu, ndipo zolembedwa sizinapeze lingaliro labwino. Cholinga chakale zonse zakwaniritsa ntchito yolimbikira, moyo wake wonse umagwira ntchito. Lopakhn ali mwachangu nthawi zonse, ndikuyang'ana pa koloko, kuyembekezera msonkhano watsopano. Amatha kuyang'aniridwa ndi nthawi yake komanso ndalama, mosiyana ndi banja la ranevskaya.
Lopakhn kuposa kamodzi amayamba kukambirana za dimba la chiwindi, kupereka thandizo. Ndikosavuta kusiya ndalama, ndikupereka ngongole, koma pankhani ya malo ogulitsa katundu, winayo amasakaniza: Lopahin amakonda ranevskaya. Amabwera kwa myera kuti adzagule dimba ndikuzipereka pansi pa malo, ngakhale amakhoza kugula kuti agwiritse ntchito.
Lopahin akuwonetsa zodabwitsa za bizinesi yakale ya serfins. Ndiothandiza komanso kuwerengedwa, koma sikugwiritsa ntchito maluso ake kwa okondedwa ake. Nthawi yomweyo, otchulidwa ena amaperekanso chinyengo cha ngwazi, ndikukhulupirira kuti Lopesin amangosintha kumene ntchito.
Zonsezi, zimafika mobwerezabwereza kuukwati wa masamba pa vare. Jermolai sakwatira mtsikana osati chifukwa chosowa, koma chifukwa cha funso lodula m'mundamo. Varyya imawona ma deltsy okha mu Mkwati, komwe ukwati umatha kukhala wopindulitsa monga mgwirizano. Zokambirana zapakati pa ngwazi zimamveketsa bwino kuti palibe kumvetsetsa pakati pawo. Kukonda Runevskaya, kutentha mumtima wa masamba, sikumalola kuti aganize za akazi ena. Ngwazi imapangitsa kuti azolowere pofunsidwa ndi okondedwa ake.
Pakusewera ngwazi iliyonse, china chake chimataya ndi "cheriry dimba". Lopakhin imataya chikhulupiriro mchikondi, pozindikira kuti chithunzi cha munthu wosavuta kukhazikika nthawi zonse kudalitsika kwa ranevskaya. Atagula Runevskaya, woimira m'tsogolo, mwini nyumbayo, banja lake anali muutumiki, limayenda kukhala euphoria. Koma, kupeza munda, sanakwaniritse kukwaniritsidwa kwa malotowo, omwe sanathe. Ranevskaya achoka ku Russia, kusiya ku Paris, ndipo Lopahin amakhalabe ndi malo omwe unyamata wake udadutsa.
Pomaliza play Ermolai Alekseevich amalankhula za moyo wosangalatsa. Kwa iye, zakuti zonse zomwe iye adafunazo zidakhala zopanda kanthu. Amazindikira kuti ndi anthu angati mdziko lake omwe alipo popanda cholinga ndipo samamvetsetsa chifukwa chomwe amakhala.
Maganizo a Wolemba pa masamba siwoyipa kwambiri ngati zilembo zina. Chekhov amakhulupirira kuti masamba "osaumwa ndikulungamitsa ngwazi ya kusowa kwa maphunziro ndi maphunziro. Makhalidwe ambiri a masamba akusonyeza kuti, ngakhale ali ndi bizinesi, bambo alibe phindu losavuta. Wachedwa kuti sitimayi akwaniritse ranevskaya. Pofuna kumuthandiza pamavuto, amagula dimba. Asankha kuyitanitsa chithupsa ndipo nthawi yomweyo kuyiwala za izi.
Chithunzi cha masamba ndi chothandiza kwambiri m'zaka zaposachedwa. Ili ndiye "ngwazi ya nthawi yathu," mwaluso mwaluso, mzimu umakhala wolimba. Munthu yemwe sangathe kuzindikira ndipo amangoganiza zodzidziwitsa zokhazokha kudzera pazinthu zakuthupi. Ermolai Lopakhin amafotokoza kuti amafotokoza za Czech antiorts. Wolemba mopupuluma wodekha yemwe ntchito yomwe ntchito zake zili zodzala ndi malingaliro anzeru ndi zotumphukira, ndizofanana ndi mwana wa Sefef omwe adagogomedwa ndi anthu.
Kutchinga
Kuyang'ana koyamba kwa Chirasha Wosewera ku Russia kunapangidwa ku Japan mu 1936 ndi wotsogolera Makoto. Ngwazi zidakwezedwa pansi pa zithunzi za Japan. Mu 1959, mkulu wa Deniel Peri adachotsa filimuyo "dimba wotsekemera", pomwe gawo la Lopakh linakwaniritsidwa pomwe Martin wafika. Popanga kwa kwa kwa kwa kwa kwa kwa kwa, 1973, chithunzi cha vetoventi sichinakhalepo, komanso ku Soviet Kupanga kwa Soviet kwa 1976, Yuri Cayurov adawonekeranso mu gawo la TV kupatula.
Richard Eid mu 1981 adazijambula mu gawo la Lopakhhine Bill Memorson, ndipo m'chifanizo cha Ilvietky 1983, Viktor Korshun adasewera Jermon. Anna Chermangiova, yemwe adachotsa filimuyo "dimba wa chiwindi" Pambuyo pa zaka 10, kupemphedwa ku gawo la Lopakhndi Alexander Feklisov. Chithunzi cha wamalonda mu TV AVPEVIYON Sergey Ovcharova mu 2008 adapita ku msinkhu wa Roma. Vladimir Vysotsky adakhala wotchuka kwambiri wa udindowu pa zochitika zamasewera.
Mawu
Lopakhna akuwona kuti sayiwala malo ake. Monga munthu aliyense amene sanawone moyo wotukuka, amanyadira zomwe adakwanitsa kuchita popanda kuteteza ndi kuthandiza. Kwa iye, mawu akulu opambana ndi maubwino akuthupi:
"Komabe, bambo anga anali munthu, ndipo pano mwa nsapato zoyera, zachikasu."
Ngwazi zimamvetsetsa kuti ndizofunika bwanji m'miyoyo yomwe ili panonso kukhala maphunziro omwe sanalandire. Amadzionanso kuti satha kumvetsetsa dziko lapansi, momwe amafunira, komwe akufuna kuti alandiridwe ":
"Abambo anga anali munthu, wopanda nzeru, sindinamvetsetse chilichonse, sindinandiphunzitse, koma ndimangomenya zizondo za zizondoka, ndi ndodo yonse. Mwakutero, ndipo ndine mnyamata yemweyo ndi idiot. Palibe chomwe taphunzira, zolembedwazi ndi zoyipa, ndimalemba kuti kwa anthu ngati akatswiri ngati nkhumba. "Kukwaniritsidwa kwakukulu kwa lopakhona ndikuti akumvetsetsa: moyo womwe akufuna - Niccene. Ndalama sizimamusangalatsa. Kukhala ndi munda wa chitumbuwa kumapangitsa kuti maloto ake asakhale opanda kanthu, zosangalatsa chifukwa cha kagwiridwe kawo kamayikira. Ntchitoyi imakhala ya ngwazi ya ngwazi yayikulu:
"Ndikagwira ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali, osatopa, kenako malingaliro sanali osavuta, ndipo zikuwoneka kuti ndikudziwanso zomwe ndili. Ndi zingati, m'bale, ku Russia, anthu omwe alipo sakudziwika. "